array:24 [
  "pii" => "S0213911104720130"
  "issn" => "02139111"
  "doi" => "10.1016/S0213-9111(04)72013-0"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2004-07-01"
  "aid" => "72013"
  "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2004"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "fla"
  "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2004;18:268-74"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 3376
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 155
      "HTML" => 2648
      "PDF" => 573
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S0213911104720142"
    "issn" => "02139111"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S0213-9111(04)72014-2"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2004-07-01"
    "aid" => "72014"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2004;18:275-86"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 4640
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 155
        "HTML" => 3923
        "PDF" => 562
      ]
    ]
    "es" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Intervención neurorreflejoterápica para el tratamiento de las enfermedades mecánicas del raquis. Resultados de una experiencia piloto"
      "tienePdf" => "es"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "es"
        1 => "en"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "275"
          "paginaFinal" => "286"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Implementation of neuroreflexotherapy in the treatment of back pain. Results of a pilot trial"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "es" => true
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "es" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Francisco Kovacs"
          "autores" => array:2 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Francisco"
              "apellidos" => "Kovacs"
            ]
            1 => array:1 [
              "colaborador" => "Grupo PINS"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911104720142?idApp=WGSE"
    "url" => "/02139111/0000001800000004/v1_201310251513/S0213911104720142/v1_201310251513/es/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S0213911104720129"
    "issn" => "02139111"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S0213-9111(04)72012-9"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2004-07-01"
    "aid" => "72012"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2004;18:260-7"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 2885
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 141
        "HTML" => 2193
        "PDF" => 551
      ]
    ]
    "es" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Desigualdades en longevidad y calidad de vida entre Andalucía y España"
      "tienePdf" => "es"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "es"
        1 => "en"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "260"
          "paginaFinal" => "267"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Inequalities in longevity and quality of life between Andalusia and Spain"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "es" => true
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "es" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Miguel Ruiz-Ramos, Francisco Viciana-Fernández"
          "autores" => array:2 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Miguel"
              "apellidos" => "Ruiz-Ramos"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Francisco"
              "apellidos" => "Viciana-Fernández"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911104720129?idApp=WGSE"
    "url" => "/02139111/0000001800000004/v1_201310251513/S0213911104720129/v1_201310251513/es/main.assets"
  ]
  "es" => array:15 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "titulo" => "Estado de salud y capacidad funcional de la población que vive en residencias de mayores en Madrid"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "268"
        "paginaFinal" => "274"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Javier Damián, Emiliana Valderrama-Gama, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo, José María Martín-Moreno"
        "autores" => array:4 [
          0 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Javier"
            "apellidos" => "Damián"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "jdamian@isciii.es"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0005"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Emiliana"
            "apellidos" => "Valderrama-Gama"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Fernando"
            "apellidos" => "Rodr&#237;guez-Artalejo"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0015"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Jos&#233;"
            "apellidos" => "Mar&#237;a Mart&#237;n-Moreno"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0020"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog&#237;a&#46; Instituto de Salud Carlos III&#46; Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo&#46; Madrid"
            "etiqueta" => "a"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Centro de Salud de General Ricardos&#46; &#193;rea 11&#46; IMSALUD&#46; Madrid"
            "etiqueta" => "b"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud P&#250;blica&#46; Facultad de Medicina&#46; Universidad Aut&#243;noma de Madrid&#46; Madrid"
            "etiqueta" => "c"
            "identificador" => "aff0015"
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Direcci&#243;n General de Salud P&#250;blica&#46; Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo&#46; Madrid&#46; Espa&#241;a"
            "etiqueta" => "d"
            "identificador" => "aff0020"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "&#42;"
            "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia&#58; Centro Nacional de Epidemiolog&#237;a&#46; Instituto de Salud Carlos III&#46; Sinesio Delgado&#44; 6&#46; 28029 Madrid&#46; Espa&#241;a&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Health and functional status among elderly individuals living in nursing homes in Madrid"
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2003-11-26"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2004-04-15"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec268602"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Residencias de ancianos"
            1 => "Personas mayores"
            2 => "Epidemiolog&#237;a"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Key words"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec268601"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Nursing homes"
            1 => "Aged"
            2 => "Epidemiology"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los estudios epidemiol&#243;gicos sobre muestras probabil&#237;sticas de poblaci&#243;n institucionalizada en Espa&#241;a son muy escasos&#46; El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el estado de salud y la capacidad funcional de una poblaci&#243;n de personas mayores que viven en residencias&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Sujetos y m&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; un estudio epidemiol&#243;gico transversal&#46; Mediante un muestreo estratificado por conglomerados&#44; se seleccion&#243; a 800 residentes de 19 residencias p&#250;blicas y 26 privadas de Madrid&#46; Se entrevist&#243; a los residentes&#44; a los cuidadores principales&#44; a los m&#233;dicos y a las enfermeras&#46; Se valoraron el estado cognitivo&#44; la salud percibida&#44; la depresi&#243;n&#44; el dolor&#44; la capacidad funcional&#44; las enfermedades cr&#243;nicas&#44; las &#250;lceras por presi&#243;n&#44; la incontinencia urinaria y fecal&#44; el consumo de f&#225;rmacos y los ingresos hospitalarios&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El 75&#37; eran mujeres&#46; La edad media &#177; desviaci&#243;n t&#237;pica fue de 83&#44;4 &#177; 7&#44;3 a&#241;os&#46; El 44&#37; present&#243; alg&#250;n grado de deterioro cognitivo&#46; El 46&#37; present&#243; independencia total o dependencia leve en las actividades b&#225;sicas de la vida diaria&#46; El 55&#37; declar&#243; una salud percibida muy buena o buena&#46; El 30&#37; present&#243; s&#237;ntomas depresivos&#46; El 31&#37; refiri&#243; dolor diario en los &#250;ltimos 7 d&#237;as&#46; El 3&#37; ten&#237;a &#250;lceras por presi&#243;n&#46; Las enfermedades m&#225;s prevalentes fueron hipertensi&#243;n&#44; artrosis&#44; demencias y trastorno de ansiedad &#40;45&#44; 34&#44; 33 y 27&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; La prevalencia de demencia de Alzheimer fue del 14&#37;&#46; El 53&#37; ten&#237;a incontinencia urinaria y el 26&#37; fecal&#46; El 26&#37; fue trasladado a urgencias en el a&#241;o anterior&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las estimaciones en las principales variables&#44; como estado cognitivo y capacidad funcional&#44; son en general m&#225;s favorables que en otras poblaciones de residentes en Europa y Norteam&#233;rica&#46; Esto se explica en parte por la mayor proporci&#243;n de personas con baja necesidad de cuidados en las residencias de Madrid&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Epidemiologic studies on probabilistic samples of the institutionalized elderly in Spain are very scarce&#46; The aim of this study was to describe the health and functional status of a population of older people living in nursing homes&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Subjects and method</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A cross-sectional epidemiologic study was carried out&#46; A sample of 800 subjects living in 19 public and 26 private nursing homes in Madrid was obtained through a stratified cluster method&#46; Residents&#44; main caregivers&#44; doctors and nurses were interviewed&#46; Cognitive status&#44; perceived health&#44; depression&#44; pain&#44; functional capacity&#44; chronic illnesses&#44; pressure ulcers&#44; urinary and fecal incontinence&#44; drug consumption and hospitalizations were assessed&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Seventy-five percent of the sample were women&#46; The mean age was 83&#46;4 &#40;standard deviation&#44; 7&#46;3&#41; years&#46; Fortyfour percent had some degree of cognitive impairment&#46; Fortysix percent were independent or mildly dependent in basic activities of daily living&#46; Fifty-five percent reported very good or good perceived health&#46; Thirty percent had depressive symptoms&#46; Thirty-one percent had experienced daily pain in the previous 7 days&#46; Three percent had pressure ulcers&#46; The most prevalent illnesses were hypertension &#40;45&#37;&#41;&#44; osteoarthritis &#40;34&#37;&#41;&#44; dementia &#40;33&#37;&#41; and anxiety &#40;27&#37;&#41;&#46; The prevalence of Alzheimer&#39;s disease was 14&#37;&#46; Fifty-three percent had urinary incontinence and 26&#37; had fecal incontinence&#46; Twentysix percent had been transferred to an emergency unit in the previous year&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The estimates of the main variables&#44; such as cognitive impairment and functional status&#44; were in general more favorable than those in other populations of nursing home residents in Europe and North America&#46; This is partly explained by the greater proportion of persons with a low need for care in the nursing homes in Madrid&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:1 [
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Fondo de Investigaci&#243;n Sanitaria &#40;expediente 96&#47;0201&#41;&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Bibliograf&#237;a"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:26 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1"
              "etiqueta" => "1&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Geriatr&#237;a XXI&#46; An&#225;lisis de necesidades y recursos en la atenci&#243;n a las personas mayores en Espa&#241;a"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "colaboracion" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Geriatr&#237;a y Gerontolog&#237;a"
                          "etal" => false
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:1 [
                        "serieFecha" => "2000"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib2"
              "etiqueta" => "2&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Nursing homes in 10 nations&#58; a comparison between countries and settings"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "M&#46;W&#46; Ribbe"
                            1 => "G&#46; Ljunggren"
                            2 => "K&#46; Steel"
                            3 => "E&#46; Topinkova"
                            4 => "C&#46; Hawes"
                            5 => "N&#46; Ikegami"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Age Ageing"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                        "numero" => "Suppl 2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "3"
                        "paginaFinal" => "12"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9464548"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib3"
              "etiqueta" => "3&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "La sociedad espa&#241;ola y los cuidados de larga duraci&#243;n"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Rodr&#237;guez Rodr&#237;guez"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:4 [
                        "titulo" => "Atenci&#243;n al anciano en el medio sanitario"
                        "paginaInicial" => "211"
                        "paginaFinal" => "222"
                        "serieFecha" => "1998"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib4"
              "etiqueta" => "4&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The national nursing home survey&#58; 1995 summary National Center for Health Statistics"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "C&#46; Gabrel"
                            1 => "A&#46; Jones"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:4 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Vital Health Stat"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "paginaInicial" => "146"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib5"
              "etiqueta" => "5&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Designing the national resident assessment instrument for nursing homes"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;N&#46; Morris"
                            1 => "C&#46; Hawes"
                            2 => "B&#46;E&#46; Fries"
                            3 => "C&#46;D&#46; Philips"
                            4 => "V&#46; Mor"
                            5 => "S&#46; Katz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Gerontologist"
                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "volumen" => "30"
                        "paginaInicial" => "293"
                        "paginaFinal" => "307"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2354790"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib6"
              "etiqueta" => "6&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Methodological issues in measuring the functional status of cognitively impaired nursing home residents&#58; the use of proxies and performance-based measures"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "S&#46;I&#46; Zimmerman"
                            1 => "J&#46; Magaziner"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"
                        "fecha" => "1994"
                        "volumen" => "8"
                        "numero" => "Suppl 1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "S281"
                        "paginaFinal" => "S290"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8068270"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib7"
              "etiqueta" => "7&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Standardised assessment scales for elderly people"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "colaboracion" => "Royal College of Physicians of London&#44; British Geriatric Society"
                          "etal" => false
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:1 [
                        "serieFecha" => "1992"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib8"
              "etiqueta" => "8&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Development and validation of a geriatric depression rating scale&#58; a preliminary report"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;A&#46; Yesavage"
                            1 => "T&#46;L&#46; Brink"
                            2 => "T&#46;L&#46; Rose"
                            3 => "O&#46; Lum"
                            4 => "V&#46; Huang"
                            5 => "M&#46; Adey"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Psychiatr Res"
                        "fecha" => "1983"
                        "volumen" => "17"
                        "paginaInicial" => "37"
                        "paginaFinal" => "49"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7183759"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib9"
              "etiqueta" => "9&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Screening for depression among acutely ill geriatric inpatients with a short geriatric depression scale"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Shah"
                            1 => "R&#46; Herbert"
                            2 => "S&#46; Lewis"
                            3 => "R&#46; Mahendran"
                            4 => "J&#46; Platt"
                            5 => "B&#46; Bhattacharyya"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Age Ageing"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                        "paginaInicial" => "217"
                        "paginaFinal" => "221"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9223718"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib10"
              "etiqueta" => "10&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Screening for depression among geriatric inpatients with short versions of the Geriatric Depression Scale"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "A&#46;K&#46; Shah"
                            1 => "V&#46; Phongsathorn"
                            2 => "C&#46; Bielawska"
                            3 => "C&#46; Katona"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"
                        "fecha" => "1996"
                        "volumen" => "11"
                        "paginaInicial" => "915"
                        "paginaFinal" => "918"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib11"
              "etiqueta" => "11&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A short portable mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "E&#46; Pfeiffer"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Am Geriatr Soc"
                        "fecha" => "1975"
                        "volumen" => "23"
                        "paginaInicial" => "433"
                        "paginaFinal" => "441"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1159263"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib12"
              "etiqueta" => "12&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Improving the sensitivity of the Barthel Index for stroke rehabilitation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Shah"
                            1 => "F&#46; Vanclay"
                            2 => "B&#46; Cooper"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Epidemiol"
                        "fecha" => "1989"
                        "volumen" => "42"
                        "paginaInicial" => "703"
                        "paginaFinal" => "709"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2760661"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib13"
              "etiqueta" => "13&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Low-care cases in long-term care settings&#58; variation among nations"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "N&#46; Ikegami"
                            1 => "J&#46;N&#46; Morris"
                            2 => "B&#46;E&#46; Fries"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Age Ageing"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                        "numero" => "Suppl 2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "67"
                        "paginaFinal" => "71"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9464558"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib14"
              "etiqueta" => "14&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Pressure ulcers in the nursing home"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "D&#46;M&#46; Smith"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Intern Med"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "123"
                        "paginaInicial" => "433"
                        "paginaFinal" => "442"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7639444"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib15"
              "etiqueta" => "15&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "colaboracion" => "Stata Statistical Software"
                          "etal" => false
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:1 [
                        "serieFecha" => "1999"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib16"
              "etiqueta" => "16&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Cross-national aspects of geriatrics&#58; comparisons of nursing homes residents"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "B&#46;E&#46; Fries"
                            1 => "M&#46;W&#46; Ribbe"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:4 [
                        "titulo" => "Principles of geriatric medicine and gerontology"
                        "paginaInicial" => "227"
                        "paginaFinal" => "238"
                        "serieFecha" => "1999"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib17"
              "etiqueta" => "17&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Characteristics of elderly nursing home current residents and discharges&#58; data from the 1997 National Nursing Home Survey&#46; Advance data from Vital and health Statistics&#44; n&#46;o 312"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "C&#46;S&#46; Gabrel"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "LibroEditado" => array:1 [
                        "serieFecha" => "2000"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib18"
              "etiqueta" => "18&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Determinants of self assessed health among Spanish older people living at home"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Damian"
                            1 => "A&#46; Ruigomez"
                            2 => "V&#46; Pastor"
                            3 => "J&#46;M&#46; Mart&#237;n-Moreno"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Epidemiol Community Health"
                        "fecha" => "1999"
                        "volumen" => "53"
                        "paginaInicial" => "412"
                        "paginaFinal" => "416"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10492734"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib19"
              "etiqueta" => "19&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Pain evaluation and management in the nursing home"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "B&#46;A&#46; Ferrell"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Intern Med"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "123"
                        "paginaInicial" => "681"
                        "paginaFinal" => "687"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7574224"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib20"
              "etiqueta" => "20&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prevalence of depression and depression recognition in nursing homes"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Teresi"
                            1 => "R&#46; Abrams"
                            2 => "D&#46; Holmes"
                            3 => "M&#46; Ram&#237;rez"
                            4 => "J&#46; Eimicke"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "36"
                        "paginaInicial" => "613"
                        "paginaFinal" => "620"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11838834"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            20 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib21"
              "etiqueta" => "21&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Incidence of depression in long-term care settings"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "P&#46;A&#46; Parmelee"
                            1 => "I&#46;R&#46; Katz"
                            2 => "M&#46;P&#46; Lawton"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Gerontol"
                        "fecha" => "1992"
                        "volumen" => "47"
                        "paginaInicial" => "M189"
                        "paginaFinal" => "M196"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1430853"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            21 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib22"
              "etiqueta" => "22&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Depression and mortality in nursing homes"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "B&#46;W&#46; Rovner"
                            1 => "P&#46;S&#46; German"
                            2 => "L&#46;J&#46; Brant"
                            3 => "R&#46; Clark"
                            4 => "L&#46; Burton"
                            5 => "M&#46;F&#46; Folstein"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "JAMA"
                        "fecha" => "1991"
                        "volumen" => "265"
                        "paginaInicial" => "993"
                        "paginaFinal" => "996"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1992213"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            22 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib23"
              "etiqueta" => "23&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Approaching cross-national comparisons of nursing home residents"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "B&#46;E&#46; Fries"
                            1 => "M&#46; Schroll"
                            2 => "C&#46; Hawes"
                            3 => "R&#46; Gilgen"
                            4 => "P&#46;V&#46; Jonsson"
                            5 => "P&#46; Park"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Age Ageing"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                        "numero" => "Suppl 2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "13"
                        "paginaFinal" => "18"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9464549"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            23 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib24"
              "etiqueta" => "24&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Comparisons of restraint use in nursing homes in eight countries"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Ljunggren"
                            1 => "C&#46;D&#46; Phillips"
                            2 => "A&#46; Sgadari"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Age Ageing"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                        "numero" => "Suppl 2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "43"
                        "paginaFinal" => "47"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9506432"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            24 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib25"
              "etiqueta" => "25&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Urinary incontinence in nursing home residents&#58; a cross-national comparison"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Sgadari"
                            1 => "E&#46; Topinkova"
                            2 => "J&#46; Bjornson"
                            3 => "R&#46; Bernabei"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Age Ageing"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "26"
                        "numero" => "Suppl 2"
                        "paginaInicial" => "49"
                        "paginaFinal" => "54"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9464555"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            25 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib26"
              "etiqueta" => "26&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "MDS Cognitive Performance Scale"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;N&#46; Morris"
                            1 => "B&#46;E&#46; Fries"
                            2 => "D&#46;R&#46; Mehr"
                            3 => "C&#46; Hawes"
                            4 => "C&#46; Phillips"
                            5 => "V&#46; Mor"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Gerontol"
                        "fecha" => "1994"
                        "volumen" => "49"
                        "paginaInicial" => "M174"
                        "paginaFinal" => "M182"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8014392"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  "url" => "/02139111/0000001800000004/v1_201310251513/S0213911104720130/v1_201310251513/es/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "18705"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "es" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Originales"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/02139111/0000001800000004/v1_201310251513/S0213911104720130/v1_201310251513/es/main.pdf?idApp=WGSE&text.app=https://gacetasanitaria.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911104720130?idApp=WGSE"
]
Compartir
Publique en esta revista
Información de la revista
Vol. 18. Núm. 4.
Páginas 268-274 (julio - agosto 2004)
Respuestas rápidas
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 18. Núm. 4.
Páginas 268-274 (julio - agosto 2004)
Open Access
Estado de salud y capacidad funcional de la población que vive en residencias de mayores en Madrid
Health and functional status among elderly individuals living in nursing homes in Madrid
Visitas
6583
Javier Damiána,
Autor para correspondencia
jdamian@isciii.es

Correspondencia: Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Sinesio Delgado, 6. 28029 Madrid. España.
, Emiliana Valderrama-Gamab, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejoc, José María Martín-Morenod
a Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. Madrid
b Centro de Salud de General Ricardos. Área 11. IMSALUD. Madrid
c Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid
d Dirección General de Salud Pública. Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo. Madrid. España
Este artículo ha recibido

Under a Creative Commons license
Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
Descargar PDF
Estadísticas
Resumen
Objetivos

Los estudios epidemiológicos sobre muestras probabilísticas de población institucionalizada en España son muy escasos. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el estado de salud y la capacidad funcional de una población de personas mayores que viven en residencias.

Sujetos y método

Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico transversal. Mediante un muestreo estratificado por conglomerados, se seleccionó a 800 residentes de 19 residencias públicas y 26 privadas de Madrid. Se entrevistó a los residentes, a los cuidadores principales, a los médicos y a las enfermeras. Se valoraron el estado cognitivo, la salud percibida, la depresión, el dolor, la capacidad funcional, las enfermedades crónicas, las úlceras por presión, la incontinencia urinaria y fecal, el consumo de fármacos y los ingresos hospitalarios.

Resultados

El 75% eran mujeres. La edad media ± desviación típica fue de 83,4 ± 7,3 años. El 44% presentó algún grado de deterioro cognitivo. El 46% presentó independencia total o dependencia leve en las actividades básicas de la vida diaria. El 55% declaró una salud percibida muy buena o buena. El 30% presentó síntomas depresivos. El 31% refirió dolor diario en los últimos 7 días. El 3% tenía úlceras por presión. Las enfermedades más prevalentes fueron hipertensión, artrosis, demencias y trastorno de ansiedad (45, 34, 33 y 27%, respectivamente). La prevalencia de demencia de Alzheimer fue del 14%. El 53% tenía incontinencia urinaria y el 26% fecal. El 26% fue trasladado a urgencias en el año anterior.

Conclusiones

Las estimaciones en las principales variables, como estado cognitivo y capacidad funcional, son en general más favorables que en otras poblaciones de residentes en Europa y Norteamérica. Esto se explica en parte por la mayor proporción de personas con baja necesidad de cuidados en las residencias de Madrid.

Palabras clave:
Residencias de ancianos
Personas mayores
Epidemiología
Abstract
Objectives

Epidemiologic studies on probabilistic samples of the institutionalized elderly in Spain are very scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the health and functional status of a population of older people living in nursing homes.

Subjects and method

A cross-sectional epidemiologic study was carried out. A sample of 800 subjects living in 19 public and 26 private nursing homes in Madrid was obtained through a stratified cluster method. Residents, main caregivers, doctors and nurses were interviewed. Cognitive status, perceived health, depression, pain, functional capacity, chronic illnesses, pressure ulcers, urinary and fecal incontinence, drug consumption and hospitalizations were assessed.

Results

Seventy-five percent of the sample were women. The mean age was 83.4 (standard deviation, 7.3) years. Fortyfour percent had some degree of cognitive impairment. Fortysix percent were independent or mildly dependent in basic activities of daily living. Fifty-five percent reported very good or good perceived health. Thirty percent had depressive symptoms. Thirty-one percent had experienced daily pain in the previous 7 days. Three percent had pressure ulcers. The most prevalent illnesses were hypertension (45%), osteoarthritis (34%), dementia (33%) and anxiety (27%). The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease was 14%. Fifty-three percent had urinary incontinence and 26% had fecal incontinence. Twentysix percent had been transferred to an emergency unit in the previous year.

Conclusions

The estimates of the main variables, such as cognitive impairment and functional status, were in general more favorable than those in other populations of nursing home residents in Europe and North America. This is partly explained by the greater proportion of persons with a low need for care in the nursing homes in Madrid.

Key words:
Nursing homes
Aged
Epidemiology
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
Sociedad Española de Geriatría y Gerontología.
Geriatría XXI. Análisis de necesidades y recursos en la atención a las personas mayores en España.
[2.]
M.W. Ribbe, G. Ljunggren, K. Steel, E. Topinkova, C. Hawes, N. Ikegami, et al.
Nursing homes in 10 nations: a comparison between countries and settings.
Age Ageing, 26 (1997), pp. 3-12
[3.]
P. Rodríguez Rodríguez.
La sociedad española y los cuidados de larga duración.
Atención al anciano en el medio sanitario, pp. 211-222
[4.]
C. Gabrel, A. Jones.
The national nursing home survey: 1995 summary National Center for Health Statistics.
Vital Health Stat, 13 (2000), pp. 146
[5.]
J.N. Morris, C. Hawes, B.E. Fries, C.D. Philips, V. Mor, S. Katz, et al.
Designing the national resident assessment instrument for nursing homes.
Gerontologist, 30 (1990), pp. 293-307
[6.]
S.I. Zimmerman, J. Magaziner.
Methodological issues in measuring the functional status of cognitively impaired nursing home residents: the use of proxies and performance-based measures.
Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord, 8 (1994), pp. S281-S290
[7.]
Royal College of Physicians of London, British Geriatric Society.
Standardised assessment scales for elderly people.
[8.]
J.A. Yesavage, T.L. Brink, T.L. Rose, O. Lum, V. Huang, M. Adey, et al.
Development and validation of a geriatric depression rating scale: a preliminary report.
J Psychiatr Res, 17 (1983), pp. 37-49
[9.]
A. Shah, R. Herbert, S. Lewis, R. Mahendran, J. Platt, B. Bhattacharyya.
Screening for depression among acutely ill geriatric inpatients with a short geriatric depression scale.
Age Ageing, 26 (1997), pp. 217-221
[10.]
A.K. Shah, V. Phongsathorn, C. Bielawska, C. Katona.
Screening for depression among geriatric inpatients with short versions of the Geriatric Depression Scale.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 11 (1996), pp. 915-918
[11.]
E. Pfeiffer.
A short portable mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients.
J Am Geriatr Soc, 23 (1975), pp. 433-441
[12.]
S. Shah, F. Vanclay, B. Cooper.
Improving the sensitivity of the Barthel Index for stroke rehabilitation.
J Clin Epidemiol, 42 (1989), pp. 703-709
[13.]
N. Ikegami, J.N. Morris, B.E. Fries.
Low-care cases in long-term care settings: variation among nations.
Age Ageing, 26 (1997), pp. 67-71
[14.]
D.M. Smith.
Pressure ulcers in the nursing home.
Ann Intern Med, 123 (1995), pp. 433-442
[15.]
Stata Statistical Software.
[16.]
B.E. Fries, M.W. Ribbe.
Cross-national aspects of geriatrics: comparisons of nursing homes residents.
Principles of geriatric medicine and gerontology, pp. 227-238
[17.]
C.S. Gabrel.
Characteristics of elderly nursing home current residents and discharges: data from the 1997 National Nursing Home Survey. Advance data from Vital and health Statistics, n.o 312.
[18.]
J. Damian, A. Ruigomez, V. Pastor, J.M. Martín-Moreno.
Determinants of self assessed health among Spanish older people living at home.
J Epidemiol Community Health, 53 (1999), pp. 412-416
[19.]
B.A. Ferrell.
Pain evaluation and management in the nursing home.
Ann Intern Med, 123 (1995), pp. 681-687
[20.]
J. Teresi, R. Abrams, D. Holmes, M. Ramírez, J. Eimicke.
Prevalence of depression and depression recognition in nursing homes.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 36 (2001), pp. 613-620
[21.]
P.A. Parmelee, I.R. Katz, M.P. Lawton.
Incidence of depression in long-term care settings.
J Gerontol, 47 (1992), pp. M189-M196
[22.]
B.W. Rovner, P.S. German, L.J. Brant, R. Clark, L. Burton, M.F. Folstein.
Depression and mortality in nursing homes.
JAMA, 265 (1991), pp. 993-996
[23.]
B.E. Fries, M. Schroll, C. Hawes, R. Gilgen, P.V. Jonsson, P. Park.
Approaching cross-national comparisons of nursing home residents.
Age Ageing, 26 (1997), pp. 13-18
[24.]
G. Ljunggren, C.D. Phillips, A. Sgadari.
Comparisons of restraint use in nursing homes in eight countries.
Age Ageing, 26 (1997), pp. 43-47
[25.]
A. Sgadari, E. Topinkova, J. Bjornson, R. Bernabei.
Urinary incontinence in nursing home residents: a cross-national comparison.
Age Ageing, 26 (1997), pp. 49-54
[26.]
J.N. Morris, B.E. Fries, D.R. Mehr, C. Hawes, C. Phillips, V. Mor, et al.
MDS Cognitive Performance Scale.
J Gerontol, 49 (1994), pp. M174-M182

Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (expediente 96/0201).

Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
Descargar PDF
Idiomas
Gaceta Sanitaria
Opciones de artículo
Herramientas
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?