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        "titulo" => "Health and functional status among elderly individuals living in nursing homes in Madrid"
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        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los estudios epidemiol&#243;gicos sobre muestras probabil&#237;sticas de poblaci&#243;n institucionalizada en Espa&#241;a son muy escasos&#46; El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el estado de salud y la capacidad funcional de una poblaci&#243;n de personas mayores que viven en residencias&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Sujetos y m&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; un estudio epidemiol&#243;gico transversal&#46; Mediante un muestreo estratificado por conglomerados&#44; se seleccion&#243; a 800 residentes de 19 residencias p&#250;blicas y 26 privadas de Madrid&#46; Se entrevist&#243; a los residentes&#44; a los cuidadores principales&#44; a los m&#233;dicos y a las enfermeras&#46; Se valoraron el estado cognitivo&#44; la salud percibida&#44; la depresi&#243;n&#44; el dolor&#44; la capacidad funcional&#44; las enfermedades cr&#243;nicas&#44; las &#250;lceras por presi&#243;n&#44; la incontinencia urinaria y fecal&#44; el consumo de f&#225;rmacos y los ingresos hospitalarios&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El 75&#37; eran mujeres&#46; La edad media &#177; desviaci&#243;n t&#237;pica fue de 83&#44;4 &#177; 7&#44;3 a&#241;os&#46; El 44&#37; present&#243; alg&#250;n grado de deterioro cognitivo&#46; El 46&#37; present&#243; independencia total o dependencia leve en las actividades b&#225;sicas de la vida diaria&#46; El 55&#37; declar&#243; una salud percibida muy buena o buena&#46; El 30&#37; present&#243; s&#237;ntomas depresivos&#46; El 31&#37; refiri&#243; dolor diario en los &#250;ltimos 7 d&#237;as&#46; El 3&#37; ten&#237;a &#250;lceras por presi&#243;n&#46; Las enfermedades m&#225;s prevalentes fueron hipertensi&#243;n&#44; artrosis&#44; demencias y trastorno de ansiedad &#40;45&#44; 34&#44; 33 y 27&#37;&#44; respectivamente&#41;&#46; La prevalencia de demencia de Alzheimer fue del 14&#37;&#46; El 53&#37; ten&#237;a incontinencia urinaria y el 26&#37; fecal&#46; El 26&#37; fue trasladado a urgencias en el a&#241;o anterior&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las estimaciones en las principales variables&#44; como estado cognitivo y capacidad funcional&#44; son en general m&#225;s favorables que en otras poblaciones de residentes en Europa y Norteam&#233;rica&#46; Esto se explica en parte por la mayor proporci&#243;n de personas con baja necesidad de cuidados en las residencias de Madrid&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Epidemiologic studies on probabilistic samples of the institutionalized elderly in Spain are very scarce&#46; The aim of this study was to describe the health and functional status of a population of older people living in nursing homes&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Subjects and method</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A cross-sectional epidemiologic study was carried out&#46; A sample of 800 subjects living in 19 public and 26 private nursing homes in Madrid was obtained through a stratified cluster method&#46; Residents&#44; main caregivers&#44; doctors and nurses were interviewed&#46; Cognitive status&#44; perceived health&#44; depression&#44; pain&#44; functional capacity&#44; chronic illnesses&#44; pressure ulcers&#44; urinary and fecal incontinence&#44; drug consumption and hospitalizations were assessed&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Seventy-five percent of the sample were women&#46; The mean age was 83&#46;4 &#40;standard deviation&#44; 7&#46;3&#41; years&#46; Fortyfour percent had some degree of cognitive impairment&#46; Fortysix percent were independent or mildly dependent in basic activities of daily living&#46; Fifty-five percent reported very good or good perceived health&#46; Thirty percent had depressive symptoms&#46; Thirty-one percent had experienced daily pain in the previous 7 days&#46; Three percent had pressure ulcers&#46; The most prevalent illnesses were hypertension &#40;45&#37;&#41;&#44; osteoarthritis &#40;34&#37;&#41;&#44; dementia &#40;33&#37;&#41; and anxiety &#40;27&#37;&#41;&#46; The prevalence of Alzheimer&#39;s disease was 14&#37;&#46; Fifty-three percent had urinary incontinence and 26&#37; had fecal incontinence&#46; Twentysix percent had been transferred to an emergency unit in the previous year&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The estimates of the main variables&#44; such as cognitive impairment and functional status&#44; were in general more favorable than those in other populations of nursing home residents in Europe and North America&#46; This is partly explained by the greater proportion of persons with a low need for care in the nursing homes in Madrid&#46;</p>"
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Gaceta Sanitaria
Podcast
El copago farmacéutico en España tras la reforma del año 2012 desde la perspectiva del usuario. ¿Evidencias de inequidad?
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María Victoria Zunzunegui conversando sobre mortalidad en la pandemia con Joan Carles March
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María Victoria Zunzunegui conversando sobre mortalidad en la pandemia con Joan Carles March
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