Journal Information
Vol. 17. Issue 3.
Pages 181-189 (May - June 2003)
Vol. 17. Issue 3.
Pages 181-189 (May - June 2003)
Open Access
Valores poblacionales de referencia del perfil de salud CHIP-AE a partir de una muestra representativa de adolescentes escolarizados
Reference population values for the Spanish Child Health and Illness Profile-Adolescent Edition [CHIP-AE] using a representative school-based sample
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V. Serra-Suttona, L. Rajmila,
Corresponding author
lrajmil@atrm.catsalut.net

Correspondencia: Dr. Luis Rajmil. Agència d'Avaluació de Tecnologia i Recerca Mèdiques (AATRM). Recinte Pere Virgili. Esteve Terradas, 30. 08023 Barcelona. España.
, J. Alonsob, A. Rileyc, B. Starfieldc
a Agència d'Avaluació de Tecnologia i Recerca Mèdiques (AATRM). Barcelona
b Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM) y Universitat Autònoma. Barcelona. España
c Department of Health Policy and Management. The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health. Baltimore. EE.UU
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Resumen
Objetivo

El perfil de salud CHIP-AE (Child Health and Illness Profile, Adolescent Edition) es un instrumento genérico para adolescentes de 12 a 19 años que ha sido adaptado para uso en España. El objetivo del estudio fue obtener los valores poblacionales de referencia de la versión española del CHIP-AE.

Métodos

Se administró el CHIP-AE a una muestra representativa de adolescentes escolarizados de Barcelona, mediante muestreo por conglomerados, estratificado según la titularidad del centro (público o concertado) y el índice de capacidad económica familiar (bajo, medio y alto). Se estandarizaron las puntuaciones a una media de 20 y desviación estándar (DE) de 5. Se calcularon las medias y los percentiles. Las medias se compararon por edad, género y nivel socioeconómico mediante análisis de la varianza.

Resultados

Las proporción de respuesta fue del 81% (n = 902). Las puntuaciones presentaron un amplio rango de distribución, y aunque en general fueron algo sesgadas hacia las puntuaciones de buena salud, sugieren que la muestra de población general no está exenta de problemas de salud. El 25% presentó puntuaciones por debajo de 17,2 en la dimensión de bienestar, lo que indica un tamaño de efecto de 0,56 unidades estandarizadas de DE. La distribución de las puntuaciones de las muestras de referencia de Barcelona fueron muy similares a las originales de Baltimore (Estados Unidos), con diferencias mínimas en riesgo individual.

Conclusiones

El CHIP-AE recoge de manera sistemática las dimensiones propias de la salud de los adolescentes. Los resultados permitirán establecer comparaciones con adolescentes de otras regiones, y/o con diferentes problemas de salud y analizar las desigualdades en salud durante la adolescencia.

Palabras clave:
Adolescentes
Cuestionario
Salud percibida
Valores de referencia
Versión española
Abstract
Aim

The Child Health and Illness Profile (CHIP-AE) is a generic health status instrument for adolescents aged 12-19 years adapted for use in Spain. The aim of this study was to obtain reference population values of the Spanish version of the CHIPAE.

Methods

The CHIP-AE was administered to a representative sample of adolescents from schools in Barcelona. The sample was selected by using cluster-sampling, stratified by type of school (public or private) and an ecological socioeconomic index (Índice de Capacidad Familiar: low, middle, and high). The CHIP-AE scores were standardized to a mean of 20 and a standard deviation (SD) of 5. Means and percentiles were computed. Means were compared by age, gender, and socioeconomic status using analysis of variance.

Results

The response rate was 81% (n = 902). The distribution of the CHIP-AE scores presented a wide range with scores generally skewed toward positive health status. Nevertheless, the results suggest that the sample selected from a general population was not free of health problems. Twentyfive percent of adolescents presented scores below 17.2 in the domain of discomfort, indicating an effect size of 0.56 standardized SD units. The distribution of scores in the reference samples from Barcelona was similar to the original results in Baltimore (USA), with some marginal differences in individual risks.

Conclusions

The CHIP-AE systematically gathers information on health domains in adolescents. The results from this reference sample will allow comparisons with adolescents from other regions, and/or with different health problems, as well as description of inequalities in health during adolescence.

Key words:
Adolescents
Questionnaire
Self-perceived health
Reference values
Spanish version
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