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Vol. 18. Núm. 3.
Páginas 184-189 (mayo - junio 2004)
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Vol. 18. Núm. 3.
Páginas 184-189 (mayo - junio 2004)
Open Access
Smoking cessation and associated factors during pregnancy
Cese del consumo de tabaco durante el embarazo y factores asociados
Visitas
6375
Matías Torrenta,**
Autor para correspondencia
mtorrent@smen.es

Correspondencia: Área de Salud de Menorca-ib-salut. Barcelona, 3. 07701 Maó (Menorca). España.
, Jordi Sunyerb, Paul Cullinand, Xavier Basagañab, Jessica Harrisd, Oscar Garcíac, Josep Maria Antób, on behalf of the AMICS study group *
a Àrea de Salut de Menorca-ib-salut. Spain
b Unitat de Recerca Respiratòria i Ambiental-Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica (IMIM)
c Department of Pediatrics. Hospital del Mar. Barcelona. Spain
d Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Imperial College (NHLI). London. United Kingdom
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Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
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Abstract
Objective

To examine smoking habits before and during pregnancy, as well as factors associated with smoking cessation, in three European settings.

Methods

Women seeking antenatal care in Ashford (UK), Minorca and Barcelona (Spain) were recruited to the Asthma Multicenter Infant Cohort Study (AMICS). Questionnaires inquiring into the smoking habits of each woman and her partner, demographic data, occupation, educational level, number of previous children, breast feeding, alcohol intake, and history of asthma and of other allergic diseases were completed during pregnancy and in the first year after delivery.

Results

A total of 1 572 pregnant women were included in the three cohorts. Smoking prior to pregnancy was more common in Barcelona (46.2%) than in Minorca (39.8%) or Ashford (31.6%). Cessation rates during pregnancy also differed: 18% of women in Ashford, 20.4% in Minorca and 31.9% in Barcelona were still smoking during the first trimester. In a multivariate regression model, the factors showing a significant (negative) association with smoking cessation during pregnancy were having older children, having a partner who smoked and starting smoking at a young age.

Conclusions

Baseline smoking habits and changes in smoking habits during pregnancy significantly differed between the three communities studied. Women pregnant with their first child, those who had started smoking at a later age and those whose partners were non-smokers were more likely to stop smoking when pregnant.

Key words:
Smoking
Smoking cessation
Pregnancy
Resumen
Objetivo

Describir el hábito tabáquico antes y durante el embarazo y los factores asociados con su cese con relación al embarazo en distintos entornos europeos.

Métodos

Se ha incluido en el estudio a las mujeres captadas durante el embarazo para participar en el estudio AMICS (Asthma Multicentre Infant Cohort Study) en Ashford (Reino Unido), Barcelona y Menorca (España). Se administró un cuestionario durante el embarazo y otro durante el primer año posparto, que incluía los siguientes aspectos: hábito tabáquico de la mujer y de su compañero, datos demográficos, ocupación, nivel de estudios, número de hijos previos, lactancia materna, consumo de alcohol e historia de asma y otras enfermedades alérgicas.

Resultados

Entre las 3 cohortes se incluyó a un total de 1.572 mujeres. Antes del embarazo, el porcentaje de mujeres fumadoras fue mayor en Barcelona (46,2%) que en Menorca (39,8%) o Ashford (31,6%). Las tasas de abandono del hábito tabáquico en relación con el embarazo también variaron en cada cohorte, de manera que durante el primer trimestre de embarazo continuaron fumando el 18% en Ashford, el 20,4% en Menorca y el 31,9% en Barcelona. En un modelo de regresión múltiple, tener hijos previos, que el compañero sea fumador y haber empezado a fumar más joven muestran una asociación (negativa) con la probabilidad de abandonar el tabaco en relación con el embarazo.

Conclusiones

El consumo de tabaco antes y durante el embarazo muestra importantes diferencias en las 3 comunidades estudiadas. Las mujeres en su primer embarazo, que empezaron a fumar más tardíamente y cuyo compañero no fuma son las que con mayor frecuencia abandonan el tabaco al quedarse embarazadas.

Palabras clave:
Hábito tabáquico
Abandono del hábito tabáquico
Embarazo
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Members of the AMICS (Asthma Multicentre Infants Cohort Study) Group: Ashford: Paul Cullinan, Jessica Harris, Warwick Atkinson, Pamela Mills, Susan Moffat, Carol White, Meinir Jones, Anthony Newman-Taylor; Barcelona: Gonçal Figueras, Oriol Vall, Oscar García, Carme Puig, Eva Sánchez, Josep M. Antó, Jordi Sunyer, Xavier Basagaña; Menorca: Matías Torrent, M. Victoria Estraña, Mireia García, M. Victoria Iturriaga, Ana Follana, Joaquim Puxan, Josep Alegre, Jaume Franch, Neus Pons. The AMICS study is coordinated by Maria Barnes.

Copyright © 2004. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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