Información de la revista
Vol. 7. Núm. 39.
Páginas 282-288 (noviembre - diciembre 1993)
Respuestas rápidas
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 7. Núm. 39.
Páginas 282-288 (noviembre - diciembre 1993)
Open Access
Características de Los No Respondientes a un Estudio de Seguimiento en Mayores de 65 Años
Characteristics of Non-respondents to a Follow-up Study of Elderly People (65 and over)
Visitas
3874
Javier Marion Buen1,*, Alexandra Prados Torres2
1 Hospital Universitario. Granada
2 Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Granada
Este artículo ha recibido

Under a Creative Commons license
Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
Descargar PDF
Estadísticas
Resumen

La mejorforma de estimar la presencia de sesgos de no respuesta y su potencial efecto en investigación epidemiológica es conociendo las características de los no respondientes. Con este estudio se pretende conocer qué aspectos de aquellos que rehusan responder a las encuestas telefónicas y personales de un estudio de seguimiento de personas mayores de 65 años.

Como parte del Proyecto de Salud y Envejecimiento de Yale (Yale Health & Ageing Project), un estudio de seguimiento iniciado en 1982 en EEUU sobre un total de 2.806 individuos mayores de 65 años, se analizó la influencia de diferentes factores en la tasa de no respuesta referida específicamente a aquelbs que rehusaron responder a las entrevistas. Entre los posibles predictores se exploraron 21 variables relacionadas con las características demográficas, sociales y de estado de salud de los participantes. Como variable dependiente se consideró la respuesta o no respuesta a las encuestas realizadas.

Los resultados no mostraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas. Únicamente el tipo de vivienda en ambos tipos de entrevista, y la educación, el estado cognitivo y la incapacidad física en la entrevista personal, con valores de p para las Odds Ratios entre 0,05 y 0,07, entre las mujeres, fueron factores que presentaron patrones relacionados con la respuesta a las encuestas.

Como conclusión, y contradiciendo las expectativas, las situaciones sociodemográficas más desfavorables no actuaron como factores inductores de la no respuesta, a excepción de la educación en el grupo de las mujeres y para entrevistas personales. Con respecto al estado de salud, sólo un peor estado cognitivo, tal y como se ha publicado repetidas veces, aparece como predictor de rechazo a contestar para las mujeres en la entrevista personal.

Palabras clave:
Encuesta de salud
Métodos epidemiológicos
Envejecimiento
Estudios de seguimiento
Summary

The best way to estimate non response bias and its potential effect in epidemiological research to know the characteristics of non respondents. The purpose of this study is to analyza what characteristics of those who refused to answer telephone and personal interviews in a follow-up study can predict non-response.

As part of the Yale Health and Ageing Project, a follow-up study initiated in 1982 in the USA in a population sample of 2.806 over 65 years of age, the influence of several factors in non-response rate for those who refused to answer the interview was analyzed. A total of 21 variables related to demographic, health, and social characteristics were analyzed. The dependent variable was defined as response/non-response to the interviews.

The results did not show significant statistical associations. The only factors that showed specific patterns were housing (in both types of interviews), and education level, cognitive status, and physical disability in personal interview in women, with p values for the Odds Ratios between 0.05 and 0.07.

In conclusion, most results of this study do not support the findings already published. A disavantaged sociodemographic situation was not a predictor factor of non-response, except for the education level of women in personal interviews. In relation to health status only apoor cognitive status, as it has been already reported, seems to induce refusal of women to personal interviews.

Key words:
Follow-up studies
Health surveys
Epidemiological methods
Ageing
Follow-up studies
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
C.G. Steeh.
Trends in non-response rates, 1952–1979.
Public Opinion Quarterly, 45 (1981), pp. 40-57
[2.]
M.J. O'Neil.
Estimating the non-response bias due to refusals in telephone surveys.
Public Opinion Quarterly, 33 (1979), pp. 218-232
[3.]
J. Dunn, R. Hawkes.
Comparison of respondents and nonrespondents in a periodic health examination program to a mailed questionnaire.
Am J Public Health, 56 (1956), pp. 230-236
[4.]
M.A. Austin, M.H. Criqui, E. Barret-Connor, M.J. Holdbrook.
The effect of response bias on the odds ratio.
Am J Epidemiol, 114 (1981), pp. 137-143
[5.]
D.R. Brogan.
Non-response in sample surveys: the problem and some solutions.
Physical Therapy, 60 (1980), pp. 1026-1032
[6.]
A.R. Herzog, W. Rodgers.
Age and response rates to interview sample surveys.
J Gerontology, 43 (1988), pp. 200-205
[7.]
F.H. Norris.
Characteristics of older nonrespondents over five waves of apanel study.
J Gerontology, 5 (1985), pp. 627-636
[8.]
K. Sheikh, S. Mattingly.
Investigating non-responses bias in mail surveys.
J Epidemiol Community Health, 35 (1981), pp. 293-296
[9.]
W.L. Rodgers, A.R. Herzog.
Interviewing older adults: the accuracy of factual information.
J Gerontology, 42 (1987), pp. 387-394
[10.]
T.J. De Maio.
Refusals: Who, Where and Why.
Public Opinion Quarterly, 44 (1980), pp. 223-233
[11.]
A.R. Herzog, W.L. Rodgers.
Interviewing older adults: Mode comparison using data from a face-to-face survey and a telephone survey.
Public Opinion Quarterly, 52 (1988), pp. 84-99
[12.]
M. Weeks, R. Kulka, J. Lessler, et al.
Personal versus telephone surveys for collecting household health data at the local level.
Am J Public Health, 73 (1983), pp. 1389-1394
[13.]
T.W. Smith.
Estimating nonresponses bias with temporal refusals.
Sociology Perspectives, 27 (1984), pp. 473-489
[14.]
B.S. Dohrenwend, B.P. Dohrewend.
Sources of refusals in surveys.
Public Opinion Quarterly, 32 (1968), pp. 74-83
[15.]
D. Locker, M. Grushka.
Response trends and nonresponse bias survey of oral and facial pain.
J Public Health Dentistry, 48 (1988), pp. 20-25
[16.]
W. Donahue.
Relationship of age of perceivers to their social perceptions.
Gerontologist, (1965), pp. 241-277
[17.]
J. Siemiatycki.
A comparison of mail, telephone and home interview strategies for Household health surveys.
Am J Public Health, 69 (1979), pp. 238-245
[18.]
S. Rolnick, C. Gross, J. Garrad.
A comparison of response rate, data quality, and cost in the collection of data on sexual history personal behavior.
Am J Epidemiol, 129 (1989), pp. 1052-1061
[19.]
J. Siemiatycki, S. Campbell.
Nonresponse bias and early versus all responders in mail and telephone surveys.
Am J Epidemiol, 120 (1984), pp. 291-301
[20.]
K. Rokwood, P. Stolee, et al.
Response bias in a health status survey of elderly people.
Age Ageing, 18 (1989), pp. 177-182
[21.]
I. Siegler, et al.
A long term longitudinal study of intellectual ability of older adults: the matter of selective subject attrition.
J Gerontol, 34 (1979), pp. 242-245
[22.]
W.J. Goudy.
Non response effects on relationship between variables.
Public Opinion Quarterly, 40 (1976), pp. 60-69
[23.]
R.M. Leinbach.
Alternatives to the face-to-face interview as technique for collecting needs assessment data from older persons.
pp. 25035
[24.]
L. Berkman, C. Berkman, S. Kasl, et al.
Depressive symptoms in relation to physical health and functioning in the elderly.
Am J Epidemiol, 124 (1986), pp. 372-388
[25.]
F. Wiswman, P. Mcdonald.
Toward the development of industry standards for response and nosresponse rates.
pp. 80-101
[26.]
S. Stumpf, H. Bedrosian.
Response Characteristics in a mail survey.
Psychological Reports, 46 (1980), pp. 863-869
[27.]
E. Pfeiffer.
A SPMSQ for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients.
J Am Geriatric Soc, 23 (1975), pp. 433-441
[28.]
T. Seeman, L. Berkman.
Structural characteristics of social networks and their relationship with social support in the elderly: Who provides support.
Soc Sci Med, 6 (1988), pp. 737-749
[29.]
D. Locker, R. Wiggins, Y. Sittampalam, D.L. Patrick.
Estimating the prevalence of disability in the community: the influence of sample design and response bias.
J Epidemiol Community Health, 354 (1981), pp. 208-212
Copyright © 1993. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
Descargar PDF
Idiomas
Gaceta Sanitaria
Opciones de artículo
Herramientas
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?