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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Explorar la distribuci&#243;n temporal de la mortalidad por violencia del compa&#241;ero &#237;ntimo &#40;VCI&#41; e identificar posibles agrupamientos temporales en la ocurrencia de muertes por VCI en Espa&#241;a&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio epidemiol&#243;gico descriptivo basado en las muertes de mujeres por VCI incluidas en el registro de la Federaci&#243;n de Mujeres Separadas y Divorciadas &#40;1998&#8211;2003&#41;&#46; Se calcul&#243; la raz&#243;n entre las muertes por VCI sucedidas en el mes correspondiente y la mediana de muertes del quinquenio anterior &#40;&#237;ndice epid&#233;mico&#41; desde enero hasta julio de 2003&#46; Se aplic&#243; el modelo de Poisson para contrastar las diferencias observadas por a&#241;os &#40;1998&#8211;2002&#41;&#44; por estaciones&#44; por meses y por d&#237;as de la semana&#44; y se realiz&#243; un an&#225;lisis de regresi&#243;n simple con la media trimestral de muertes por VCI&#46; Por &#250;ltimo&#44; se realiz&#243; un an&#225;lisis de agrupamientos temporales&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se observ&#243; un &#237;ndice epid&#233;mico &#40;IE&#41; elevado en la mortalidad por VCI en los meses de enero &#40;IE &#61; 1&#44;6&#41;&#44; marzo &#40;IE &#61; 1&#44;2&#41;&#44; mayo &#40;IE &#61; 1&#44;5&#41;&#44; junio &#40;IE &#61; 2&#41; y julio &#40;IE &#61; 2&#44;4&#41; de 2003&#46; Teniendo como referencias el a&#241;o 1998 y el d&#237;a de la semana domingo&#44; respectivamente&#44; la mortalidad por VCI result&#243; significativamente mayor en 2001 &#40;riesgo relativo &#91;RR&#93; &#61; 1&#44;52&#59; intervalo de confianza del 95&#37; &#91;IC del 95&#37;&#93;&#44; 1&#44;05&#8211;2&#44;20&#41; y los lunes &#40;RR &#61; 1&#44;77&#59; IC del 95&#37;&#44; 1&#44;13&#8211;2&#44;76&#41;&#46; El an&#225;lisis de regresi&#243;n confirm&#243; la tendencia creciente entre el primer trimestre de 1998 y el &#250;ltimo de 2001 &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;022&#41;&#46; No se observaron diferencias estad&#237;sticamente significativas ni por meses ni por estaciones&#46; No se dieron agrupamientos temporales en la distribuci&#243;n de las muertes por VCI&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La violencia del compa&#241;ero &#237;ntimo es en la actualidad una epidemia creciente en Espa&#241;a en la que no se detecta un patr&#243;n temporal definido&#46; Los esfuerzos pol&#237;ticos y legales de la sociedad para aminorar este problema no parecen estar teniendo &#233;xito&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To analyze the temporal distribution of mortality due to violence by intimate partners &#40;VIP&#41; and to identify possible temporal clusters in women deaths by VIP in Spain&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We performed a descriptive epidemiological study based on the VIP deaths included in the database of the Federation of Divorced and Separated Women &#40;1998&#8211;2003&#41;&#46; The epidemic index &#40;EI&#41; was calculated as the ratio between the actual number of VIP deaths in a given month from January to July 2003 and the median number in the same month in the five preceding years&#46; A Poisson model was used to analyze the distribution by years &#40;1998&#8211;2002&#41;&#44; seasons&#44; months&#44; and days&#46; Simple regression analysis was performed with threemonthly means&#46; A temporal cluster analysis was also carried out&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In 2003&#44; the EI of VIP mortality was high in January &#40;EI &#61; 1&#46;6&#41;&#44; March &#40;EI &#61; 1&#46;2&#41;&#44; May &#40;EI &#61; 1&#46;5&#41;&#44; June &#40;EI &#61; 2&#41;&#44; and July &#40;EI &#61; 2&#46;5&#41;&#46; Compared with 1998 and Sundays&#44; respectively&#44; mortality due to VIP was significantly increased in 2001 &#40;relative risk&#44; RR &#61; 1&#46;52&#59; 95&#37; confidence interval &#91;CI&#93;&#44; 1&#46;05- 2&#46;20&#41; and on Mondays &#40;RR &#61; 1&#46;77&#59; 95&#37;CI&#44; 1&#46;13&#8211;2&#46;76&#41;&#46; The regression analyses confirmed an increase between the first three-month period of 1998 and the last three-month period of 2001&#46; There were no differences between seasons and months&#46; No temporal clusters of deaths were detected&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">VIP is currently an increasing epidemic in Spain with no clear temporal pattern&#46; Political and legal efforts to reduce this problem do not seem to be successful&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 18. Núm. 5.
Páginas 346-350 (septiembre - octubre 2004)
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Vol. 18. Núm. 5.
Páginas 346-350 (septiembre - octubre 2004)
Open Access
Análisis temporal de la mortalidad por violencia del compañero íntimo en España
Temporal analysis of mortality due to intimate partner violence in Spain
Visitas
6151
Carmen Vivesa,b,
Autor para correspondencia
carmen.vives@ua.es

Correspondencia: Departamento de Salud Pública. Edificio de Ciencias Sociales. Campus Sant Vicent del Raspeig. Universidad de Alicante. Apdo. 99. 03080 Alicante. Correo electrónico:
, Pablo Caballeroa, Carlos Álvarez-Dardeta,,b
a Departamento de Salud Pública. Universidad de Alicante. Alicante. España
b Red de Investigación sobre Salud y Género
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Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
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Estadísticas
Resumen
Objetivos

Explorar la distribución temporal de la mortalidad por violencia del compañero íntimo (VCI) e identificar posibles agrupamientos temporales en la ocurrencia de muertes por VCI en España.

Métodos

Estudio epidemiológico descriptivo basado en las muertes de mujeres por VCI incluidas en el registro de la Federación de Mujeres Separadas y Divorciadas (1998–2003). Se calculó la razón entre las muertes por VCI sucedidas en el mes correspondiente y la mediana de muertes del quinquenio anterior (índice epidémico) desde enero hasta julio de 2003. Se aplicó el modelo de Poisson para contrastar las diferencias observadas por años (1998–2002), por estaciones, por meses y por días de la semana, y se realizó un análisis de regresión simple con la media trimestral de muertes por VCI. Por último, se realizó un análisis de agrupamientos temporales.

Resultados

Se observó un índice epidémico (IE) elevado en la mortalidad por VCI en los meses de enero (IE = 1,6), marzo (IE = 1,2), mayo (IE = 1,5), junio (IE = 2) y julio (IE = 2,4) de 2003. Teniendo como referencias el año 1998 y el día de la semana domingo, respectivamente, la mortalidad por VCI resultó significativamente mayor en 2001 (riesgo relativo [RR] = 1,52; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC del 95%], 1,05–2,20) y los lunes (RR = 1,77; IC del 95%, 1,13–2,76). El análisis de regresión confirmó la tendencia creciente entre el primer trimestre de 1998 y el último de 2001 (p = 0,022). No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas ni por meses ni por estaciones. No se dieron agrupamientos temporales en la distribución de las muertes por VCI.

Conclusiones

La violencia del compañero íntimo es en la actualidad una epidemia creciente en España en la que no se detecta un patrón temporal definido. Los esfuerzos políticos y legales de la sociedad para aminorar este problema no parecen estar teniendo éxito.

Palabras clave:
Maltrato en la pareja
Mujer maltratada
Mortalidad
Abstract
Objectives

To analyze the temporal distribution of mortality due to violence by intimate partners (VIP) and to identify possible temporal clusters in women deaths by VIP in Spain.

Methods

We performed a descriptive epidemiological study based on the VIP deaths included in the database of the Federation of Divorced and Separated Women (1998–2003). The epidemic index (EI) was calculated as the ratio between the actual number of VIP deaths in a given month from January to July 2003 and the median number in the same month in the five preceding years. A Poisson model was used to analyze the distribution by years (1998–2002), seasons, months, and days. Simple regression analysis was performed with threemonthly means. A temporal cluster analysis was also carried out.

Results

In 2003, the EI of VIP mortality was high in January (EI = 1.6), March (EI = 1.2), May (EI = 1.5), June (EI = 2), and July (EI = 2.5). Compared with 1998 and Sundays, respectively, mortality due to VIP was significantly increased in 2001 (relative risk, RR = 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05- 2.20) and on Mondays (RR = 1.77; 95%CI, 1.13–2.76). The regression analyses confirmed an increase between the first three-month period of 1998 and the last three-month period of 2001. There were no differences between seasons and months. No temporal clusters of deaths were detected.

Conclusions

VIP is currently an increasing epidemic in Spain with no clear temporal pattern. Political and legal efforts to reduce this problem do not seem to be successful.

Key words:
Partner abuse
Battered women
Mortality
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