Journal Information
Vol. 21. Issue 5.
Pages 425-430 (September - October 2007)
Vol. 21. Issue 5.
Pages 425-430 (September - October 2007)
Revisión
Open Access
Revisión sistemática de los estudios sobre el nivel socioeconómico de los hombres que maltratan a sus parejas
Systematic review of studies on the socioeconomic status of men who batter their intimate partners
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Carmen Vives-Casesa,b,
Corresponding author
carmen.vives@ua.es

Correspondencia: Carmen Vives-Cases. Departamento de Salud Pública. Edificio de Ciencias Sociales. Campus Sant Vicent del Raspeig. Universidad de Alicante. Apartado 99. 03080 Alicante. España.
, Diana Gil-Gonzáleza,c, Mercedes Carrasco-Portiñoa, Carlos Álvarez-Dardeta,b,c
a Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, España
b Red de Investigación sobre Salud y Género, España
c Observatorio de Políticas Públicas y Salud (OPPS), España
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Abstract
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Resumen
Introducción

A pesar de la visibilidad de los casos de violencia del compañero íntimo contra las mujeres en parejas con problemas socioeconómicos, su relación con el hecho concreto de desarrollar una conducta violenta no está clara. Se plantea realizar una revisión sistemática de la evidencia empírica sobre el papel del nivel socioeconómico de los perpetradores en este problema.

Métodos

Revisión sistemática. Bases de datos: Eric (1966- 2004), Sociological Abstracts (1963-2005), Science Citation Index (1945-2005), Social Science Citation Index (1956-2005), Medline a través de Pubmed (1966-2005), Social Service Abstracts (1980-2005), Lilacs (1982-2005) y Psycinfo (1972-2005). Se incluyeron los artículos empíricos con objetivos o hipótesis sobre la relación causal entre el bajo nivel socioeconómico –empleo, educación e ingresos– de los hombres y la violencia del compañero íntimo contra mujeres.

Resultados

Se localizaron 251 estudios. Sólo 10 cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Se encontró un estudio de cohortes, uno de casos y controles, un estudio ecológico y una serie de casos. Dos estudios calculan las odds ratio (OR) en sus análisis. En uno se obtiene una OR de 1,4 (intervalo de confianza del 95%, 1,1-1,9) con el desempleo, y en el otro no se alcanzó en nivel de significación estadística ni con este factor ni con el bajo nivel de ingresos y educativo.

Conclusiones

Se requiere más información, y de más calidad, que permita establecer resultados concluyentes sobre el papel causal del nivel socioeconómico de los hombres que maltratan a sus parejas. Aún es insuficiente la evidencia empírica que asocia la conducta violenta de los hombres contra sus parejas con determinados grupos de bajo nivel socioeconómico.

Palabras clave:
Maltratadotes
Violencia doméstica
Nivel socioeconómico
Revisión sistemática
Abstract
Background

Despite the visibility of intimate partner violence against women in low socioeconomic groups, the association of low socioeconomic status and violent behavior is unclear. We performed a systematic review of the empirical evidence on the causal role of batterers’ socioeconomic status in this phenomenon.

Methods

We performed a systematic review, using the following databases: Eric (1966-2004), Sociological Abstracts (1963-2005), Science Citation Index (1945-2005), Social Science Citation Index (1956-2005), Medline through Pubmed (1966-2005), Social Service Abstracts (1980-2005), Lilacs (1982-2005) and Psycinfo (1972-2005). We included empirical papers with aims or hypothesis related to the causal relation between low socioeconomic status (employment, education, income) in men and IPV.

Results

A total of 251 studies were identified, but only 10 met the inclusion criteria. There was one cohort study, one case-control study, one ecological study and one study based on a series of cases. Two studies calculated odds ratio in the analyses. One of these studies reported an odds ratio of 1.4 (95% CI, 1.1-1.9) with unemployment and the other study showed no significant positive associations with this factor or with low income or education.

Conclusions

More information and better quality data are required to establish conclusive results on the causal role of the socioeconomic status of men who batter their intimate partners. The empirical evidence on the relationship between violent male behavior against their partners and low socioeconomic status is still insufficient.

Key words:
Batterers
Domestic violence
Socioeconomic status
Systematic review
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Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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