Admisiones a tratamiento por consumo de opiáceos y cocaína en españa

doi:10.1016/S0213-9111(90)70986-7

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El Sistema Estatal de Información sobre Toxicomanías (SEIT) se diseñó para monitorizar la magnitud del abuso de opiáceos y cocaína a partir de indicadores indirectos (admisiones a tratamiento, urgencias hospitalarias y muertes). En el primer año de funcionamiento, 1987, se implementó la notificación de los inicios de tratamiento en todas las Comunidades Autónomas. Este trabajo analiza las características de 10.338 personas que iniciaron tratamiento por abuso de drogas ilegales (opiáceos y cocaína) a lo largo de 1987 en 224 centros repartidos por las 17 Comunidades Autónomas y que fueron notificados a SEIT. El 97,1 % eran heroinómanos, con una edad media de 24.8 años, mayoritariamente de sexo masculino (80,5%) y que llevaban una media de cinco años consumiendo la droga que motiva el tratamiento. El 69,4% declaró haber consumido heroína por primera vez entre los años 1980 y 1985.

Las cifras absolutas de heroinómanos que inician tratamiento ambulatorio en las diferentes Comunidades Autónomas permiten una primera aproximación a la magnitud de la adicción a la heroína en España. Los datos presentados permiten, además, caracterizar a este subgrupo de la población de heroinómanos desde el punto de vista demográfico y de consumo.

Palabras clave:

Abuso de drogas

Prevalencia

Heroína

Cocaína

Summary

The State Information System tor Drug Addiction (SEIT) was designed to monitor the magnitude ot the abuse of opiates and cocaine by indirect indicators (treatment admissions, hospital emergencies and deaths). The notification of initiation of treatment started to run in all the Autonomous Communities (Comunidades Autónomas) during 1987. In this study we analyze the characteristics of 10,338 individuals who initated a treatment for illegal drug abuse (opiates or cocaine) during 1987 in 224 centres spread along the Autonomous Communities and which had been notified to SEIT. 97.1 % were heroin users, with a mean age of 24.8 years, basically males (80.5%) and who had been taking the drug which caused the treatment for the last 5 years. 69.4% reported having first time used heroin between 1980 and 1985.

The absolute number of drug users who were treated in specific centres in the different Autonomous Communities allow us a first approximation to the magnitude of heroin addiction in Spain. Moreover, the data we present help to characterize this subgroup of the heroin population from the demographic and the consumption points of view.

Key words:

Drug abuse

Prevalence

Heroin

Cocaine

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José Alameda Palacios, Josep M. Antó i Boqué, Mercedes Suárez Bernal, Carmen Sánchez Lázaro, Alberto Armas Navarro, Teresa Pelayo Cortines, Carlos Alonso Sanz, Jose María Suelves Joanxich, José Manuel Martínez Rodríguez, Juana Matia Olaiz, Julián Monleón García, Conchi Moreno Iríbas, Tomás Zarallo Barbosa, José Ramón Gómez, Fernández, Antonio Nicolau Riutort, Francisca González Porcel, Idoia Gaminde Inda, Isabel Izarzugaza, Lourdes Ruiz Galarreta, Margarita Eguiagaray García, María Pilar Vega de la Puente, Carmen Navarro Sánchez, Máxima Lizán García, Juan Antonio Palacios Castaño, Josep Roca Antonio, Joaquín Camprubi, Fernando Villar Álvarez, José Sánchez Payá, Setefila Luengo Matos

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