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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ilustrar por primera vez con datos espa&#241;oles la utilidad de la vigilancia por encuesta telef&#243;nica de los factores de riesgo de enfermedades no transmisibles para orientar las pol&#237;ticas de salud p&#250;blica&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se analiza la informaci&#243;n del Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo asociados con Enfermedades No Transmisibles &#40;SIVFRENT&#41; entre 1995 y 2003&#44; basada en encuestas telef&#243;nicas mensuales y dirigida a la poblaci&#243;n de 18-64 a&#241;os de la Comunidad de Madrid&#46; Se realizaron 18&#46;049 entrevistas durante todo el per&#237;odo&#46; Se calculan los indicadores de sobrepeso y obesidad&#44; sedentarismo&#44; dieta&#44; consumo de tabaco y alcohol&#44; pr&#225;cticas preventivas&#44; accidentabilidad y seguridad vial&#46; La tendencia se estima a trav&#233;s del promedio annual de las razones de prevalencia obtenidas mediante modelos lineales generalizados con v&#237;nculo logar&#237;tmico y familia binomial&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los mayores cambios en los varones corresponden al incremento del sobrepeso y la obesidad&#44; con un aumento relativo del 3&#44;7&#37; anual&#44; y al descenso de la realizaci&#243;n de dietas &#40;&#8722;3&#37;&#41;&#44; del consumo elevado de alcohol &#40;&#8722;6&#44;1&#37;&#41; y de la no utilizaci&#243;n del cintur&#243;n de seguridad &#40;&#8722;4&#37;&#41;&#46; En las mujeres se incrementan el sobrepeso y la obesidad &#40;3&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#44; el abandono del consumo de tabaco &#40;3&#44;1&#37;&#41; y la realizaci&#243;n de mamograf&#237;as &#40;6&#44;4&#37;&#41;&#44; y disminuye la realizaci&#243;n de dietas &#40;&#8722;4&#44;1&#37;&#41; y la no utilizaci&#243;n del cintur&#243;n de seguridad &#40;&#8722;4&#44;5&#37;&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se observan importantes progresos en numerosos indicadores&#44; como el consumo de tabaco y alcohol&#44; la seguridad vial y la realizaci&#243;n de pr&#225;cticas preventivas&#44; mientras que en otros la situaci&#243;n empeora&#44; fundamentalmente el incremento del sobrepeso y la obesidad&#46;</p>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To illustrate -for the first time with Spanish datathe usefulness of telephone-interview-based surveillance of non-communicable diseases risk factors for the purpose of drawing up public health policies&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We analysed information from the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance System &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo asociados a Enfermedades No Transmisibles</span>- SIVFRENT&#41; for the period 1995-2003&#46; This system is based on monthly telephone interviews covering a representative population sample&#44; aged 18-64 years&#46; 18&#44;049 interviews were conducted for the whole period&#46; Indicators of overweight and obesity&#44; sedentary lifestyle&#44; diet&#44; tobacco and alcohol consumption&#44; preventive practices&#44; accidents and injuries&#44; and road safety were calculated&#46; The time trend was estimated using average annual prevalence ratios&#44; obtained from generalized linear models with binomial family and logarithmic link&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Among men&#44; the changes of greatest magnitude corresponded to an increase in overweight and obesity&#44; which registered a relative annual rise of 3&#46;7&#37;&#44; and a decrease in dieting &#40;-3&#37;&#41;&#44; high alcohol consumption &#40;&#8722;6&#46;1&#37;&#41; and non-use of safety belts &#40;&#8722;4&#37;&#41;&#46; Among women&#44; there was a marked increase in overweight and obesity &#40;3&#46;3&#37;&#41;&#44; cessation of smoking &#40;3&#46;1&#37;&#41; and recourse to mammograms &#40;6&#46;4&#37;&#41;&#44; and a decrease in dieting &#40;&#8722;4&#46;1&#37;&#41; and non-use of safety belts &#40;&#8722;4&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Although important progress was observed in a number of indicators&#44; such as tobacco and alcohol consumption&#44; road safety and the undertaking of preventive practices&#44; the situation worsened in others&#44; i&#46;e&#46;&#44; fundamentally the increase in overweight and obesity&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 19. Núm. 3.
Páginas 193-205 (mayo - junio 2005)
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Vol. 19. Núm. 3.
Páginas 193-205 (mayo - junio 2005)
Originales
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Vigilancia de los factores de riesgo de las enfermedades no transmisibles mediante encuesta telefónica: resultados de la Comunidad de Madrid en el período 1995-2003
Risk factors surveillance for non-communicable disease through telephone survey. Results in the Autonomous Community of Madrid from 1995-2003
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947
Iñaki Galána,
Autor para correspondencia
inaki.galan@madrid.org

Correspondencia: Iñaki Galán Labaca. Servicio de Epidemiología. Instituto de Salud Pública. Consejería de Sanidad y Consumo de la Comunidad de Madrid. Julián Camarillo, 4. 28037 Madrid. España.
, Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejob, Aurelio Tobíasa, Ana Gandarillasa, Belén Zorrillaa
a Servicio de Epidemiología. Instituto de Salud Pública. Consejería de Sanidad y Consumo de la Comunidad de Madrid. Madrid. España
b Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid. España
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Resumen
Objetivo

Ilustrar por primera vez con datos españoles la utilidad de la vigilancia por encuesta telefónica de los factores de riesgo de enfermedades no transmisibles para orientar las políticas de salud pública.

Métodos

Se analiza la información del Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo asociados con Enfermedades No Transmisibles (SIVFRENT) entre 1995 y 2003, basada en encuestas telefónicas mensuales y dirigida a la población de 18-64 años de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se realizaron 18.049 entrevistas durante todo el período. Se calculan los indicadores de sobrepeso y obesidad, sedentarismo, dieta, consumo de tabaco y alcohol, prácticas preventivas, accidentabilidad y seguridad vial. La tendencia se estima a través del promedio annual de las razones de prevalencia obtenidas mediante modelos lineales generalizados con vínculo logarítmico y familia binomial.

Resultados

Los mayores cambios en los varones corresponden al incremento del sobrepeso y la obesidad, con un aumento relativo del 3,7% anual, y al descenso de la realización de dietas (−3%), del consumo elevado de alcohol (−6,1%) y de la no utilización del cinturón de seguridad (−4%). En las mujeres se incrementan el sobrepeso y la obesidad (3,3%), el abandono del consumo de tabaco (3,1%) y la realización de mamografías (6,4%), y disminuye la realización de dietas (−4,1%) y la no utilización del cinturón de seguridad (−4,5%).

Conclusiones

Se observan importantes progresos en numerosos indicadores, como el consumo de tabaco y alcohol, la seguridad vial y la realización de prácticas preventivas, mientras que en otros la situación empeora, fundamentalmente el incremento del sobrepeso y la obesidad.

Palabras clave:
Tendencias
Factores de riesgo del comportamiento
Prácticas preventivas
Encuesta telefónica
Abstract
Objective

To illustrate -for the first time with Spanish datathe usefulness of telephone-interview-based surveillance of non-communicable diseases risk factors for the purpose of drawing up public health policies.

Methods

We analysed information from the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Surveillance System (Sistema de Vigilancia de Factores de Riesgo asociados a Enfermedades No Transmisibles- SIVFRENT) for the period 1995-2003. This system is based on monthly telephone interviews covering a representative population sample, aged 18-64 years. 18,049 interviews were conducted for the whole period. Indicators of overweight and obesity, sedentary lifestyle, diet, tobacco and alcohol consumption, preventive practices, accidents and injuries, and road safety were calculated. The time trend was estimated using average annual prevalence ratios, obtained from generalized linear models with binomial family and logarithmic link.

Results

Among men, the changes of greatest magnitude corresponded to an increase in overweight and obesity, which registered a relative annual rise of 3.7%, and a decrease in dieting (-3%), high alcohol consumption (−6.1%) and non-use of safety belts (−4%). Among women, there was a marked increase in overweight and obesity (3.3%), cessation of smoking (3.1%) and recourse to mammograms (6.4%), and a decrease in dieting (−4.1%) and non-use of safety belts (−4.5%).

Conclusions

Although important progress was observed in a number of indicators, such as tobacco and alcohol consumption, road safety and the undertaking of preventive practices, the situation worsened in others, i.e., fundamentally the increase in overweight and obesity.

Key words:
Trends
Behavioral risk factors
Preventive practices
Telephone survay
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