Las variables meteorológicas no explican el gradiente norte-sur en la mortalidad por esclerosis múltiple en España

Guerrero-Alonso, Paula; Prieto-Salceda, Dolores; Llorca, Javier

doi:10.1157/13108507

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Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Cantabria. Santander. España. Avda. Cardenal Herrera Oria, s/n. 39011 Santander. España." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Meteorological variables do not explain the North-South gradient in mortality from multiple sclerosis in Spain" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2006-03-26" "fechaAceptado" => "2006-12-18" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec13973" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Esclerosis múltiple" 1 => "Mortalidad" 2 => "Clima" 3 => "Métodos epidemiológicos" 4 => "Latitud" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec13974" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Multiple sclerosis" 1 => "Mortality" 2 => "weather" 3 => "Epidemiologic methods" 4 => "Latitude" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "ObjetivoComprobar si las variables meteorológicas justifican el gradiente norte-sur en la mortalidad por esclerosis múltiple (EM) en España. MétodosLa tasa de mortalidad por EM ajustada por edad en cada provincia de 1975 a 1998 se correlacionó con la media anual de diferentes variables meteorológicas. ResultadosLas temperaturas mínima, media y máxima, el número medio de horas de sol y el número de días soleados se correlacionaron negativamente con la mortalidad por EM, mientras que la cantidad de lluvia se correlacionó positivamente con la EM. La mayor parte de las correlaciones desaparecen al ajustar por latitud. En cambio, la mortalidad por EM está asociada con la latitud incluso después de ajustar por los factores meteorológicos. ConclusiónEl gradiente norte-sur en la mortalidad por EM en España no puede explicarse completamente por factores meteorológicos. Son necesarias otras hipótesis para justicar esta asociación." ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "ObjectivesTo determine whether weather conditions explain the North-South gradient in multiple sclerosis (MS) mortality described in Spain. MethodsThe age-adjusted MS mortality rate by Spanish provinces from 1975 to 1998 was correlated with several climatic variables. ResultsMS mortality was negatively correlated with minimum, average and maximum temperatures, the mean number of hours of sunshine, and the mean number of sunny days. A positive correlation was found with the average amount of rain. Most correlations disappeared after adjusting by latitude. However, MS mortality was associated with latitude after adjusting by climatic factors. ConclusionsThe North-South gradient in MS mortality in Spain cannot be fully explained by weather differences. Therefore, other hypotheses are required to explain this association." ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:8 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Epidemiologic contributions to multiple sclerosis: an overview" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "J.F. Kurtzke" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Neurology" "fecha" => "1980" "volumen" => "30" "paginaInicial" => "61" "paginaFinal" => "79" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6993993" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The risk of multiple sclerosis in the USA in relation to sociogeographic features: a factor-analytic study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "K. Lauer" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Epidemiol" "fecha" => "1994" "volumen" => "47" "paginaInicial" => "43" "paginaFinal" => "48" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8283194" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib3" "etiqueta" => "3." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The prevalence of the multiple sclerosis in the world: un update" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "G. Rosati" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Neurol Sci" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "22" "paginaInicial" => "117" "paginaFinal" => "139" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11603614" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib4" "etiqueta" => "4." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mortality by multiple sclerosis in Spain: demostration of a North-South gradient" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J. Llorca" 1 => "P. Guerrero" 2 => "D. Prieto-Salceda" 3 => "T. Dierssen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1159/000083296" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Neuroepidemiology" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "24" "paginaInicial" => "135" "paginaFinal" => "140" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15650319" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib5" "etiqueta" => "5." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Pilot survey of household pets among veterans with multiple sclerosis and age-matched controls" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "J.E. Norman" 1 => "S.D. Cook" 2 => "P.C. Dowling" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Neurol" "fecha" => "1983" "volumen" => "40" "paginaInicial" => "213" "paginaFinal" => "214" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6830470" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib6" "etiqueta" => "6." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Environmental associations with the risk of the multiple sclerosis: the contribution of ecological studies" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "K. Lauer" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Acta Neurol Scand" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "161" "paginaInicial" => "77S" "paginaFinal" => "88S" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib7" "etiqueta" => "7." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Multiple sclerosis: clues to its cause" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "U. Leibowitz" 1 => "M. Alter" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:3 [ "fecha" => "1973" "editorial" => "Amsterdam" "editorialLocalizacion" => "North Holland" ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib8" "etiqueta" => "8." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The epidemiology of acute respiratory infections in children and adults: a global perspective" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "N.M.H. Graham" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Epidemiol Rev" "fecha" => "1990" "volumen" => "12" "paginaInicial" => "149" "paginaFinal" => "178" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2286216" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "url" => "/02139111/0000002100000004/v2_201301241553/S0213911107720320/v2_201301241553/es/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "778" "tipo" => "SECCION" "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Originales breves" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/02139111/0000002100000004/v2_201301241553/S0213911107720320/v2_201301241553/es/main.pdf?idApp=WGSE&text.app=https://gacetasanitaria.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911107720320?idApp=WGSE"]

Gaceta Sanitaria

ISSN: 0213-9111

Gaceta Sanitaria es la revista científica y órgano de expresión de la Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria (SESPAS).
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Web of Science (Science Citation Index, SCI, y Social Sciences Citation Index, SSCI), Medline/PubMed, Index Medicus, Scopus, Scielo, IBECS, Índice Médico Español, Toxline, Cancerlit, Aidsline, Cab Health, Bibliomed, Cuiden, Eventline y Healthstar

Las temperaturas mínima, media y máxima, el número medio de horas de sol y el número de días soleados se correlacionaron negativamente con la mortalidad por EM, mientras que la cantidad de lluvia se correlacionó positivamente con la EM. La mayor parte de las correlaciones desaparecen al ajustar por latitud. En cambio, la mortalidad por EM está asociada con la latitud incluso después de ajustar por los factores meteorológicos.

Conclusión

El gradiente norte-sur en la mortalidad por EM en España no puede explicarse completamente por factores meteorológicos. Son necesarias otras hipótesis para justicar esta asociación.

Palabras clave:

Esclerosis múltiple

Mortalidad

Clima

Métodos epidemiológicos

Latitud

Abstract

Objectives

To determine whether weather conditions explain the North-South gradient in multiple sclerosis (MS) mortality described in Spain.

Methods

The age-adjusted MS mortality rate by Spanish provinces from 1975 to 1998 was correlated with several climatic variables.

Results

MS mortality was negatively correlated with minimum, average and maximum temperatures, the mean number of hours of sunshine, and the mean number of sunny days. A positive correlation was found with the average amount of rain. Most correlations disappeared after adjusting by latitude. However, MS mortality was associated with latitude after adjusting by climatic factors.

Conclusions

The North-South gradient in MS mortality in Spain cannot be fully explained by weather differences. Therefore, other hypotheses are required to explain this association.

Key words:

Multiple sclerosis

Mortality

weather

Epidemiologic methods

Latitude

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Bibliografía

[1.]

J.F. Kurtzke.

Epidemiologic contributions to multiple sclerosis: an overview.

Neurology, 30 (1980), pp. 61-79