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Vol. 19. Núm. 4.
Páginas 342-345 (julio - agosto 2005)
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Vol. 19. Núm. 4.
Páginas 342-345 (julio - agosto 2005)
Nota de campo
Open Access
Herramientas para afrontar las situaciones de crisis en un brote de gastroenteritis aguda en un colegio público
Practical lessons from the risk management of an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis in a public school
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995
Áurea Morillo-Garcíaa,
Autor para correspondencia
aurea@andaluciajunta.es

Correspondencia: Áurea Morillo-García. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Hospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío. Avda. Manuel Siurot, s/n. 41013 Sevilla. España.
, Rocío Sillero-Sánchezb, Josefa María Aldana-Espinalc, Pilar Nieto-Cerverab
a Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
b Distrito Sanitario de Atención Primaria Sevilla, España
c Servicio de Cartera de Servicios, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Sevilla, España
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Información del artículo
Resumen

En este trabajo describimos las reflexiones y conclusions extraídas del análisis de un brote de gastroenteritis en un centro escolar, que ocasionó una crisis de salud pública. El análisis realizado tuvo como base la metodología de las matrices de “debilidades, amenazas, fortalezas y oportunidade” (DAFO).

Se describe la epidemiología de los sucesos y decisions tomadas, basadas en aspectos operativos durante una situación de crisis. Incluye la experiencia del equipo responsable del brote, las relaciones con otras entidades y la gestión de la información.

Las dificultades encontradas por el equipo coordinador consistieron en el retraso de la declaración, la falta de formación de algunas entidades implicadas y el mal uso de los circuitos establecidos. Es necesario un entrenamiento específico en los actuales protocolos de manejo de crisis y fomentar la mejora continua de los circuitos de coordinación mediante la autoevaluación y actualización de conocimientos y recursos.

Palabras clave:
Alarma social
Crisis
Salud pública
Gestión
Medios de comunicación
Brote
Gastroenteritis
Abstract

We present our reflections on the management of an acute gastroenteritis outbreak in a public school, which caused a public health crisis, and the conclusions drawn from this experience. The methodology of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis was used.

This article describes the epidemiology of the incident and the policy decisions made, but focuses on operational aspects of outbreak management. The experience of the outbreak control team, liaison with other organizations, and data management are discussed.

The difficulties encountered by the outbreak team related to delay in declaring in the outbreak, lack of training in some of the entities involved, and incorrect use of the surveillance circuits. Current protocols and specific action plans for the management of outbreaks should be improved through selfevaluation and updating of resources and knowledge.

Key words:
Social alarm
Crisis
Public health
Risk management
The media
Disease outbreak
Gastroenteritis
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
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Copyright © 2005. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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