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array:24 [ "pii" => "S0213911107720484" "issn" => "02139111" "doi" => "10.1157/13110444" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-09-01" "aid" => "72048" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria" "copyrightAnyo" => "2007" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2007;21:397-403" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2534 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 122 "HTML" => 2012 "PDF" => 400 ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0213911107720496" "issn" => "02139111" "doi" => "10.1157/13110445" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-09-01" "aid" => "72049" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "sco" "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2007;21:404-6" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3809 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 140 "HTML" => 3223 "PDF" => 446 ] ] "es" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Originales breves</span>" "titulo" => "Diferencias entre prescripción y dispensación de genéricos en atención primaria. 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"apellidos" => "Torres García" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911107720496?idApp=WGSE" "url" => "/02139111/0000002100000005/v1_201301241557/S0213911107720496/v1_201301241557/es/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0213911107720472" "issn" => "02139111" "doi" => "10.1157/13110443" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-09-01" "aid" => "72047" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2007;21:390-6" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2817 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 125 "HTML" => 2271 "PDF" => 421 ] ] "es" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Originales</span>" "titulo" => "Epidemiología descriptiva de meningitis no meningocócicas bacterianas de la provincia de Zaragoza (1999-2004). Evaluación de su sistema de vigilancia" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "390" "paginaFinal" => "396" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Descriptive epidemiology of non-meningococcal bacterial meningitis in the province of Saragossa [Spain] from 1999 to 2004. Evaluation of the Epidemiological Surveillance System" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "María Pilar Rodrigo Val, Joaquín Guimbao, Alberto Vergara, Carmen Varela, Salvador De Mateo, Dionisio Herrera" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "María" "apellidos" => "Pilar Rodrigo Val" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Joaquín" "apellidos" => "Guimbao" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Alberto" "apellidos" => "Vergara" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Carmen" "apellidos" => "Varela" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Salvador" "apellidos" => "De Mateo" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Dionisio" "apellidos" => "Herrera" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911107720472?idApp=WGSE" "url" => "/02139111/0000002100000005/v1_201301241557/S0213911107720472/v1_201301241557/es/main.assets" ] "es" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Originales</span>" "titulo" => "Dos métodos para analizar la evolución de la incidencia de consumo de heroína y cocaína en Barcelona" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "397" "paginaFinal" => "403" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Albert Sánchez-Niubò, Antònia Domingo-Salvany, Guadalupe Gómez Melis, M. Teresa Brugal, Gianpaolo Scalia-Tomba" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Albert" "apellidos" => "Sánchez-Niubò" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] 1 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Antònia" "apellidos" => "Domingo-Salvany" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "adomingo@imim.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Guadalupe" "apellidos" => "Gómez Melis" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Teresa Brugal" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Gianpaolo" "apellidos" => "Scalia-Tomba" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff4" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica, Barcelona, España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Roma, Italia" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff4" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia: Antònia Domingo-Salvany. Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica. Dr Aiguader, 88. 08003 Barcelona. España." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Two methods to analyze trends in the incidence of heroin and cocaine use in Barcelona [Spain]" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2006-06-12" "fechaAceptado" => "2007-04-03" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec14029" "palabras" => array:6 [ 0 => "Incidencia" 1 => "Período de latencia" 2 => "Heroína" 3 => "Cocaína" 4 => "Reporting Delay Adjustment" 5 => "Modelo logorítmico lineal" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec14030" "palabras" => array:6 [ 0 => "Incidence" 1 => "Latency period" 2 => "Heroin" 3 => "Cocaine" 4 => "Reporting Delay Adjustment" 5 => "Log-Linear Model" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mostrar 2 métodos estadísticos para estimar la evolución de la incidencia de consumo de heroína y cocaína en Barcelona.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Métodos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los inicios de tratamiento por consumo de heroína y cocaína del Sistema de Información de Drogas de Barcelona entre 1991 y 2003. Se seleccionaron 4.367 sujetos con un primer tratamiento por heroína y 2.147 por cocaína. Se ha empleado el método Reporting Delay Adjustment (RDA) y modelos logarítmicos lineales (MLL), considerando para el RDA los inicios de tratamiento cuyo inicio de consumo era entre 1991 y 2003, y para el MLL entre 1967 y 2003 para la heroína y entre 1971 y 2003 para la cocaína. Además, para cada droga y método se estudió la distribución del período de latencia (PL) (años entre el primer consumo y el primer tratamiento).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Según la distribución del PL, los consumidores de heroína tardan menos tiempo en iniciar su primer tratamiento que los de cocaína, indistintamente del método empleado. En general, la incidencia estimada de consumo de heroína en Barcelona disminuyó progresivamente desde 1982. En cambio, para la cocaína aumentó rápidamente hasta 1998, y fue irregular posteriormente. A principios de los noventa la incidencia de consumo de cocaína empezó a ser importante, años antes de manifestarse como problemática.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusión</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El RDA subestima la incidencia respecto al MLL, pero la incidencia de heroína con MLL puede estar sesgada antes de 1991 por cambios en la oferta de tratamiento. Aunque la incidencia estimada se refiere a los sujetos que hacen tratamiento alguna vez en la vida, su evolución ayuda a prever acciones futuras.</p>" ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To describe 2 statistical methods for estimating trends in the incidence of heroin and cocaine use in Barcelona.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Admissions for treatment of heroin and cocaine consumption recorded by the Barcelona Drug Information System between 1991 and 2003 were used. We selected 4,367 subjects initiating treatment for the first time for heroin use, and 2,147 for cocaine use. Two statistical techniques were employed: Reporting Delay Adjustment (RDA) and the Log-line-ar Model (LLM). RDA was used in subjects who initiated drug consumption between 1991 and 2003, and LLM for those who began heroin use between 1967 and 2003 and cocaine use between 1971 and 2003. In addition, for each drug and method the latency period (LP) was determined (years between first consumption and first treatment).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparison of the distributions of the LP for each drug revealed that heroin users initiated treatment for the first time sooner than cocaine users, regardless of the method employed. In general, the estimated incidence of heroin use in Barcelona fell progressively after 1982. In contrast, the incidence of cocaine use rose rapidly until 1998, and has been irregular since. The incidence of cocaine use began to be substantial in the early 1990s, but took several years to manifest itself as problematic.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The estimated incidence was underestimated by RDA compared with LLM, but the incidence of heroin use could be biased before 1991 due to changes in treatment provisions. Although the estimated incidence is relative to individuals who are admitted for treatment at some time in their life, trends in incidence can be used to plan future actions.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:22 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." 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Idioma original: Español
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