Originales
Evaluation of the research methodology in genetic, molecular and proteomic tests
Valoración de la metodología de la investigación en pruebas de genética, molecular y proteómica
Blanca Lumbreras
, Inmaculada Jarrín, Ildefonso Hernández Aguado
Autor para correspondencia
blumbreras@umh.es
Correspondence: Dra. Blanca Lumbreras. Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología. Campus de San Juan. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Ctra. de Valencia, km 8,7. 03550 San Juan de Alicante. España.
Correspondence: Dra. Blanca Lumbreras. Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología. Campus de San Juan. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Ctra. de Valencia, km 8,7. 03550 San Juan de Alicante. España.
Department of Public Health, History of Science and Gynaecology. Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
Leído
975
Vecesse ha leído el artículo
405
Total PDF
570
Total HTML
Compartir estadísticas
array:24 [ "pii" => "S0213911106715229" "issn" => "02139111" "doi" => "10.1016/S0213-9111(06)71522-9" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2006-09-01" "aid" => "71522" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria" "copyrightAnyo" => "2006" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2006;20:368-73" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2430 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 137 "HTML" => 1838 "PDF" => 455 ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0213911106715230" "issn" => "02139111" "doi" => "10.1157/13093206" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2006-09-01" "aid" => "71523" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2006;20:374-81" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3893 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 132 "HTML" => 3212 "PDF" => 549 ] ] "es" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Originales</span>" "titulo" => "Análisis coste-efectividad de dispositivos sanitarios diseñados para prevenir exposiciones percutáneas" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "374" "paginaFinal" => "381" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Safety-engineered devices to prevent percutaneous injuries: cost-effectiveness analysis on prevention of high-risk exposure" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Lluís Armadans Gil, María Isabel Fernández Cano, Inmaculada Albero Andrés, María Luisa Anglés Mellado, José María Sánchez García, Magda Campins Martí, Josep Vaqué Rafarta" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Lluís" "apellidos" => "Armadans Gil" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "María Isabel" "apellidos" => "Fernández Cano" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Inmaculada" "apellidos" => "Albero Andrés" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "María Luisa" "apellidos" => "Anglés Mellado" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José María" "apellidos" => "Sánchez García" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Magda" "apellidos" => "Campins Martí" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Josep" "apellidos" => "Vaqué Rafarta" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911106715230?idApp=WGSE" "url" => "/02139111/0000002000000005/v1_201301241603/S0213911106715230/v1_201301241603/es/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0213911106715217" "issn" => "02139111" "doi" => "10.1157/13093203" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2006-09-01" "aid" => "71521" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2006;20:360-7" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 4809 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 124 "HTML" => 4112 "PDF" => 573 ] ] "es" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Originales</span>" "titulo" => "El hambre en la Guerra Civil española y la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica: una perspectiva desde la hipótesis de Barker" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "360" "paginaFinal" => "367" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Famine in the Spanish civil war and mortality from coronary heart disease: a perspective from Baker's hypothesis" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Laura Inés González Zapata, Carlos Alvarez-Dardet Díaz, Andreu Nolasco Bonmatí, José Aurelio Pina Romero, María José Medrano" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Laura Inés" "apellidos" => "González Zapata" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Carlos" "apellidos" => "Alvarez-Dardet Díaz" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Andreu" "apellidos" => "Nolasco Bonmatí" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José Aurelio" "apellidos" => "Pina Romero" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "María" "apellidos" => "José Medrano" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911106715217?idApp=WGSE" "url" => "/02139111/0000002000000005/v1_201301241603/S0213911106715217/v1_201301241603/es/main.assets" ] "en" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Originales</span>" "titulo" => "Evaluation of the research methodology in genetic, molecular and proteomic tests" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "368" "paginaFinal" => "373" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Blanca Lumbreras, Inmaculada Jarrín, Ildefonso Hernández Aguado" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Blanca" "apellidos" => "Lumbreras" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "blumbreras@umh.es" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Inmaculada" "apellidos" => "Jarrín" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ildefonso" "apellidos" => "Hernández Aguado" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "entidad" => "Department of Public Health, History of Science and Gynaecology. Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: Dra. Blanca Lumbreras. Departamento de Salud Pública, Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología. Campus de San Juan. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad Miguel Hernández. Ctra. de Valencia, km 8,7. 03550 San Juan de Alicante. España." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Valoración de la metodología de la investigación en pruebas de genética, molecular y proteómica" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2005-11-04" "fechaAceptado" => "2006-01-12" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec14142" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Genetic tests" 1 => "Methodology" 2 => "Sensitivity and specificity" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec14141" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Pruebas genéticas" 1 => "Metodología" 2 => "Sensibilidad y especificidad" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introduction</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Advances in genomic analysis technologies have led to the development of new diagnostic tests with clinical application.Therefore, as in other diagnostic fields, awareness of the methodological limitations of genetic investigation will facilitate the application of the results.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">44 articles which studied the diagnostic accuracy of genetic, molecular and proteomic tests, and published in <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">JAMA, Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, Cancer Research y Clinical Cancer Research</span> from 2002 to June 2005 were analysed. 24 methodological criteria of the STARD guide (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy</span>) were applied.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The mean number of methodological criteria satisfied was 9.8 (95%, CI 8.8-10.6), with the greatest deficiencies observed in the aspects related to the description of patient selection, 9 (20%), the treatment of indeterminate results, 5 (11%), and the determination of the technique's reproducibility, 6 (13%). In contrast, a high frequency was observed in the description of the reference standard, 39 (87%), and the method used, 28 (62%).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discussion</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The articles evaluated fail to fulfil many of the quality requirements laid out in the STARD proposal, with the methodological quality being lower than in other diagnostic fields. The aspects most in need of improvement are those related to the description of patient selection and the determination of reproducibility. Research and progress in new genetic-molecular technologies require improved fulfilment of the epidemiological and clinical standards which are already applied by other diagnostic fields.</p>" ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Introducción</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El avance en las tecnologías del análisis genómico ha supuesto el desarrollo de nuevas pruebas diagnósticas con potencial aplicación clínica. Así como ha sucedido en otros campos del diagnóstico, conocer las limitaciones metodológicas de la investigación en genética facilitará la aplicación de sus resultados.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Métodos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se analizaron 44 artículos publicados en <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">JAMA, Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, Cancer Research y Clinical Cancer Research</span>, de 2002 a junio de 2005, que estudiaban la exactitud diagnóstica de pruebas genéticas, moleculares y de proteómica. Se aplicaron 24 criterios metodológicos de la guía STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La media de cumplimiento de los criterios aplicados fue de 9,8 (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 8,8-10,6), y las mayores deficiencias se observaron en los aspectos relacionados con la descripción de la selección de los pacientes (9; 20%), el tratamiento de los resultados indeterminados (5;11%) y la determinación de la reproducibilidad de la técnica (6; 13%). En cambio, sí se observó una alta frecuencia en la descripción del patrón de referencia (39; 87%) y del método usado (28; 62%).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discusión</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los artículos evaluados incumplen gran parte de los requisitos de calidad recogidos en la propuesta STARD, observándose una peor calidad metodológica que en otros campos diagnósticos. Los aspectos que más necesitan mejorar son los relacionados con la descripción de la selección de los pacientes y la determinación de la reproducibilidad. La investigación y el avance en nuevas tecnologías genético-moleculares requieren un mejor cumplimiento de los estándares epidemiológicos y clínicos que ya se aplican a otros campos diagnósticos.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:22 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Genetic testing and the clinical laboratory improvement amendments of 1988: present and future" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "M.K. Schwartz" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Chem" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "45" "paginaInicial" => "739" "paginaFinal" => "745" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10222376" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Managed care in the genomics era: assessing the cost effectiveness of genetic tests" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "M.K. Higashi" 1 => "D.L. Veenstra" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Manag Care" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "9" "paginaInicial" => "493" "paginaFinal" => "500" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12866628" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib3" "etiqueta" => "3." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Commercialization of clinical genetic laboratory services: in whose best interest?" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "A. Milunsky" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Obstet Gynecol" "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "81" "paginaInicial" => "627" "paginaFinal" => "629" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8459981" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib4" "etiqueta" => "4." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Advances in molecular diagnosis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "B.R. Korf" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol" "fecha" => "1996" "volumen" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "130" "paginaFinal" => "134" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8734129" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib5" "etiqueta" => "5." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Servicios de diagnóstico genético para las enfermedades hereditarias en España. EUR 20516 EN" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J. Rueda" 1 => "E. Briones" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:2 [ "tituloSerie" => "Institute for Prospective Technological Studies" "fecha" => "2002" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib6" "etiqueta" => "6." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Márquez S, Briones E. Marco para la evaluación de las pruebas genéticas en el Sistema Sanitario Público de Andalucía. Informe 2/2005." ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib7" "etiqueta" => "7." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Use of methodological standards in diagnostic test research. Getting better but still not good" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M.C. Reid" 1 => "M.S. Lachs" 2 => "A.R. Feinstein" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "274" "paginaInicial" => "645" "paginaFinal" => "651" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7637146" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib8" "etiqueta" => "8." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Empirical evidence of design-related bias in studies of diagnostic tests" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.G. Lijmer" 1 => "B.W. Mol" 2 => "S. Heisterkamp" 3 => "G.J. Bonsel" 4 => "M.H. Prins" 5 => "J.H. Van der Meulen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "282" "paginaInicial" => "1061" "paginaFinal" => "1066" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10493205" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib9" "etiqueta" => "9." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Investigación en pruebas diagnósticas en Medicina Clínica. Una evaluación de la metodología" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J.M. Ramos Rincón" 1 => "I. Hernández Aguado" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin (Barc)" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "111" "paginaInicial" => "129" "paginaFinal" => "134" ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib10" "etiqueta" => "10." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Métodos para evaluar pruebas diagnósticas en enfermedades infecciosas y microbiología clínica" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J.M. Ramos" 1 => "I. Hernández" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "16" "paginaInicial" => "179" "paginaFinal" => "184" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9646562" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib11" "etiqueta" => "11." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Methodology in diagnostic laboratory test research in clinical chemistry and clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "B. Lumbreras-Lacarra" 1 => "J.M. Ramos-Rincón" 2 => "I. Hernández-Aguado" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1373/clinchem.2003.019786" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Chem" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "50" "paginaInicial" => "530" "paginaFinal" => "536" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14718393" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib12" "etiqueta" => "12." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Evaluación de la investigación metodológica en pruebas diagnósticas de laboratorio en Revista Clínica Española y Medicina Clínica" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "B. Lumbreras Lacarra" 1 => "J.M. Ramos Rincón" 2 => "I. Hernández Aguado" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Clin Esp" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "204" "paginaInicial" => "472" "paginaFinal" => "476" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15388021" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib13" "etiqueta" => "13." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Clinical epidemiological quality in molecular genetic research: the need for methodological standards" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "S.T. Bogardus Jr" 1 => "J. Concato" 2 => "A.R. Feinstein" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "281" "paginaInicial" => "1919" "paginaFinal" => "1926" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10349896" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib14" "etiqueta" => "14." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy. Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: the STARD initiative. Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P.M. Bossuyt" 1 => "J.B. Reitsma" 2 => "D.E. Bruns" 3 => "C.A. Gatsonis" 4 => "P.P. Glasziou" 5 => "L.M. Irwig" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Clin Chem" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "49" "paginaInicial" => "1" "paginaFinal" => "6" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12507953" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib15" "etiqueta" => "15." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Reporting, appraising, and integrating data on genotype prevalence and gene-disease associations" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J. Little" 1 => "L. Bradley" 2 => "M.S. Bray" 3 => "M. Clyne" 4 => "J. Dorman" 5 => "D.L. Ellsworth" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Epidemiol" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "156" "paginaInicial" => "300" "paginaFinal" => "310" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12181099" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib16" "etiqueta" => "16." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Publications on diagnostic test evaluation in family medicine journals: an optimal search strategy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "W.L. Deville" 1 => "P.D. Bezemer" 2 => "L.M. Bouter" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Epidemiol" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "53" "paginaInicial" => "65" "paginaFinal" => "69" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10693905" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib17" "etiqueta" => "17." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Improving reports of studies of diagnostic tests: the STARD initiative" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "D. Rennie" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "289" "paginaInicial" => "89" "paginaFinal" => "90" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12503983" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib18" "etiqueta" => "18." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy. The STARD initiative" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "P.M. Bossuyt" 1 => "J.B. Reitsma" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lancet" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "361" "paginaInicial" => "71" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12517477" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib19" "etiqueta" => "19." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Rules of evidence for cancer molecular-marker discovery and validation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "D.F. Ransohoff" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1038/nrc1322" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Nat Rev Cancer" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "309" "paginaFinal" => "314" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15057290" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib20" "etiqueta" => "20." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Lessons from controversy: ovarian cancer screening and serum proteomics" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "D.F. Ransohoff" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Natl Cancer Ins.t" "fecha" => "2005" "volumen" => "97" "paginaInicial" => "315" "paginaFinal" => "319" ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib21" "etiqueta" => "21." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Genetic testing" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "W. Burke" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1056/NEJMoa012113" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "N Engl J Med" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "347" "paginaInicial" => "1867" "paginaFinal" => "1875" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12466512" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib22" "etiqueta" => "22." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Semiology, proteomics and the early detection of symptomatic cancer" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Porta" 1 => "E. Fernández" 2 => "J. Alguacil" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Epidemiol" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "56" "paginaInicial" => "815" "paginaFinal" => "819" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14505764" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/02139111/0000002000000005/v1_201301241603/S0213911106715229/v1_201301241603/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "764" "tipo" => "SECCION" "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Originales" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/02139111/0000002000000005/v1_201301241603/S0213911106715229/v1_201301241603/en/main.pdf?idApp=WGSE&text.app=https://gacetasanitaria.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911106715229?idApp=WGSE" ]
| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| 2024 Octubre | 61 | 42 | 103 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 40 | 27 | 67 |
| 2024 Agosto | 49 | 28 | 77 |
| 2024 Julio | 43 | 31 | 74 |
| 2024 Junio | 35 | 13 | 48 |
| 2024 Mayo | 34 | 35 | 69 |
| 2024 Abril | 29 | 26 | 55 |
| 2024 Marzo | 26 | 20 | 46 |
| 2024 Febrero | 32 | 48 | 80 |
| 2024 Enero | 22 | 25 | 47 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 20 | 17 | 37 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 29 | 13 | 42 |
| 2023 Octubre | 25 | 14 | 39 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 19 | 8 | 27 |
| 2023 Agosto | 28 | 16 | 44 |
| 2023 Julio | 30 | 21 | 51 |
| 2023 Junio | 23 | 12 | 35 |
| 2023 Mayo | 20 | 8 | 28 |
Mostrar todo
