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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los grupos de nivel social m&#225;s bajo tienen habitualmente una dieta menos saludable&#46; El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la adhesi&#243;n al patr&#243;n de dieta mediterr&#225;nea entre diferentes grupos demogr&#225;ficos y sociales de la poblaci&#243;n adulta&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; un estudio transversal en regiones del sur y norte de Espa&#241;a&#44; en voluntarios sanos &#40;15&#46;634 varones y 25&#46;812 mujeres&#41; de 29 a 69 a&#241;os de edad&#44; miembros de la cohorte EPIC en Espa&#241;a&#46; Se tuvo en cuenta el consumo de nueve grupos de alimentos para definir el patr&#243;n de dieta mediterr&#225;nea&#58; vegetales&#44; frutas&#44; legumbres&#44; cereales&#44; carne roja&#44; pescado&#44; aceite de oliva&#44; leche y productos l&#225;cteos y vino&#46; Se aplicaron dos t&#233;cnicas de an&#225;lisis&#58; comparaci&#243;n de la media diaria de consumo de cada grupo&#44; y el c&#225;lculo de un escore global para todos los alimentos&#44; por nivel educacional y clase social de origen&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los grupos de nivel educacional m&#225;s bajo consumen mas cereales y legumbres&#44; pero menos vegetales&#44; aceite de oliva &#40;las mujeres&#41;&#44; leche y productos l&#225;cteos &#40;los varones&#41;&#46; El consumo de vino est&#225; positivamente asociado con la educaci&#243;n en las mujeres y negativamente asociado en los varones&#46; Calculando una puntuaci&#243;n para medir la adhesi&#243;n global al patr&#243;n de dieta mediterr&#225;nea&#44; las diferencias por cada grupo de alimentos se compensan&#44; y no hay variaciones seg&#250;n el nivel educacional&#44; aunque existen peque&#241;as diferencias en la clase social de origen &#40;22&#44;52 en la clase m&#225;s baja y 21&#44;98 en la clase m&#225;s alta&#41;&#46; El &#237;ndice de adhesi&#243;n es m&#225;s bajo en los adultos j&#243;venes y mujeres&#44; y ligeramente m&#225;s alto en las poblaciones del sur &#40;23&#44;53 en Murcia&#41; que en las del norte de Espa&#241;a &#40;21&#44;64 en Asturias&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados sugieren que el patr&#243;n de dieta mediterr&#225;nea es bastante uniforme&#44; al menos en las poblaciones adultas de las &#225;reas incluidas en el estudio&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Lower social classes tend to eat a less healthy diet&#46; The aim of this study was to compare adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern among different demographic and social groups in the adult population&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A cross-sectional study was performed in southern and northern regions of Spain in healthy volunteers &#40;15&#44;634 men and 25&#44;812 women&#41;&#44; aged 29-69 years&#44; who were members of the European Prospective Investigation on Cancer cohort in Spain&#46; Nine groups of food were included in the definition of the Mediterranean diet&#58; vegetables and garden products&#44; fruits&#44; pulses&#44; cereals&#44; red meat&#44; fish&#44; olive oil&#44; milk and milk products&#44; and wine&#46; Two techniques were used in the analysis&#58; comparison of the mean daily intake of each group and calculation of an overall score for all the foods according to educational level ang original social class&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Groups with the lowest educational levels consumed more cereals and pulses and lower quantities of vegetables&#44; olive oil &#40;women&#41;&#44; milk and milk products &#40;men&#41;&#46; Wine consumption was positively associated with education in women and was negatively associated in men&#46; Calculation of a score to measure overall adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern eliminated differences according to each food category&#46; No variations were found according to educational level&#44; but small differences were found in original social class&#46; The adherence score was lowest in young adults and women and was slightly higher in the south than in the north of Spain&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The results suggest that the Mediterranean dietary pattern is fairly uniform&#44; at least in the adult population of the regions included in this study&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 16. Núm. 3.
Páginas 214-221 (mayo - junio 2002)
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Vol. 16. Núm. 3.
Páginas 214-221 (mayo - junio 2002)
Open Access
Diferencias sociodemográficas en la adhesión al patrón de dieta mediterránea en poblaciones de España
Sociodemographic differences in adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern in Spanish populations
Visitas
6107
C.A. González
,***,a,****
Autor para correspondencia
cagonzalez@ico.scs.es

Correspondencia: Dr. Carlos A. González. Servei d'Epidemiologia. Institut Català d'Oncologia. Gran Via, s/n, km 2,7. 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. Barcelona.
, S. Argilaga**,a, A. Agudo**,a, P. Amiano**,b, A. Barricarte*,c, J.M. Beguiristain**,b, M.D. Chirlaque**,d, M. Dorronsoro*,b, C. Martinez*,e, C. Navarro*,d, J.R. Quirós*,f, M. Rodriguez**,e, M.J. Tormo**,d
* Investigador Principal
** Investigador
*** Coordinador del estudio EPIC (European Prospective Investigation on Cancer) en España
a Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona
b Dirección de Salud de Guipúzcoa. San Sebastián
c Departamento de Salud de Navarra. Pamplona
d Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social. Murcia
e Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Granada
f Consejería de Sanidad y Servicios Sociales de Asturias. Oviedo
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Información del artículo
Resumen
Objetivos

Los grupos de nivel social más bajo tienen habitualmente una dieta menos saludable. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la adhesión al patrón de dieta mediterránea entre diferentes grupos demográficos y sociales de la población adulta.

Métodos

Se realizó un estudio transversal en regiones del sur y norte de España, en voluntarios sanos (15.634 varones y 25.812 mujeres) de 29 a 69 años de edad, miembros de la cohorte EPIC en España. Se tuvo en cuenta el consumo de nueve grupos de alimentos para definir el patrón de dieta mediterránea: vegetales, frutas, legumbres, cereales, carne roja, pescado, aceite de oliva, leche y productos lácteos y vino. Se aplicaron dos técnicas de análisis: comparación de la media diaria de consumo de cada grupo, y el cálculo de un escore global para todos los alimentos, por nivel educacional y clase social de origen.

Resultados

Los grupos de nivel educacional más bajo consumen mas cereales y legumbres, pero menos vegetales, aceite de oliva (las mujeres), leche y productos lácteos (los varones). El consumo de vino está positivamente asociado con la educación en las mujeres y negativamente asociado en los varones. Calculando una puntuación para medir la adhesión global al patrón de dieta mediterránea, las diferencias por cada grupo de alimentos se compensan, y no hay variaciones según el nivel educacional, aunque existen pequeñas diferencias en la clase social de origen (22,52 en la clase más baja y 21,98 en la clase más alta). El índice de adhesión es más bajo en los adultos jóvenes y mujeres, y ligeramente más alto en las poblaciones del sur (23,53 en Murcia) que en las del norte de España (21,64 en Asturias).

Conclusiones

Los resultados sugieren que el patrón de dieta mediterránea es bastante uniforme, al menos en las poblaciones adultas de las áreas incluidas en el estudio.

Palabras claves:
Dieta mediterránea
Diferencias sociales
Estudio transversal
Abstract
Objectives

Lower social classes tend to eat a less healthy diet. The aim of this study was to compare adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern among different demographic and social groups in the adult population.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed in southern and northern regions of Spain in healthy volunteers (15,634 men and 25,812 women), aged 29-69 years, who were members of the European Prospective Investigation on Cancer cohort in Spain. Nine groups of food were included in the definition of the Mediterranean diet: vegetables and garden products, fruits, pulses, cereals, red meat, fish, olive oil, milk and milk products, and wine. Two techniques were used in the analysis: comparison of the mean daily intake of each group and calculation of an overall score for all the foods according to educational level ang original social class.

Results

Groups with the lowest educational levels consumed more cereals and pulses and lower quantities of vegetables, olive oil (women), milk and milk products (men). Wine consumption was positively associated with education in women and was negatively associated in men. Calculation of a score to measure overall adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern eliminated differences according to each food category. No variations were found according to educational level, but small differences were found in original social class. The adherence score was lowest in young adults and women and was slightly higher in the south than in the north of Spain.

Conclusions

The results suggest that the Mediterranean dietary pattern is fairly uniform, at least in the adult population of the regions included in this study.

key words:
Mediterranean diet
Social differences
Cross-sectional study
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EPIC es un estudio Europeo coordinado por la Unidad de Nutrición y Cáncer de la Agencia Internacional de Investigación del Cáncer (IARC) (Agreement AEP/93/02). El grupo EPIC recibe ayuda financiera del Programa Europa Contra el Cáncer de la Unión Europea (Agreement SOC 97 20030205F02), del Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) (Exp 96-0032), de las Comunidades Autónomas participantes y ha recibido ayuda de la Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española contra el Cáncer.

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