Diferencias sociodemográficas en la adhesión al patrón de dieta mediterránea en poblaciones de España
Sociodemographic differences in adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern in Spanish populations
C.A. González
, S. Argilaga**,a, A. Agudo**,a, P. Amiano**,b, A. Barricarte*,c, J.M. Beguiristain**,b, M.D. Chirlaque**,d, M. Dorronsoro*,b, C. Martinez*,e, C. Navarro*,d, J.R. Quirós*,f, M. Rodriguez**,e, M.J. Tormo**,d
,***,a,****
Autor para correspondencia
cagonzalez@ico.scs.es
Correspondencia: Dr. Carlos A. González. Servei d'Epidemiologia. Institut Català d'Oncologia. Gran Via, s/n, km 2,7. 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. Barcelona.
Correspondencia: Dr. Carlos A. González. Servei d'Epidemiologia. Institut Català d'Oncologia. Gran Via, s/n, km 2,7. 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. Barcelona.
* Investigador Principal
** Investigador
*** Coordinador del estudio EPIC (European Prospective Investigation on Cancer) en España
a Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona
b Dirección de Salud de Guipúzcoa. San Sebastián
c Departamento de Salud de Navarra. Pamplona
d Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social. Murcia
e Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Granada
f Consejería de Sanidad y Servicios Sociales de Asturias. Oviedo
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Pamplona" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0030" ] 6 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Consejería de Sanidad y Política Social. Murcia" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0035" ] 7 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública. Granada" "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0040" ] 8 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Consejería de Sanidad y Servicios Sociales de Asturias. Oviedo" "etiqueta" => "f" "identificador" => "aff0045" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "****" "correspondencia" => "<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Correspondencia:</span> Dr. Carlos A. González. Servei d'Epidemiologia. Institut Català d'Oncologia. Gran Via, s/n, km 2,7. 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. Barcelona." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Sociodemographic differences in adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern in Spanish populations" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2001-07-23" "fechaAceptado" => "2002-01-30" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras claves" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec268863" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Dieta mediterránea" 1 => "Diferencias sociales" 2 => "Estudio transversal" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec268862" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Mediterranean diet" 1 => "Social differences" 2 => "Cross-sectional study" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los grupos de nivel social más bajo tienen habitualmente una dieta menos saludable. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar la adhesión al patrón de dieta mediterránea entre diferentes grupos demográficos y sociales de la población adulta.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Métodos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realizó un estudio transversal en regiones del sur y norte de España, en voluntarios sanos (15.634 varones y 25.812 mujeres) de 29 a 69 años de edad, miembros de la cohorte EPIC en España. Se tuvo en cuenta el consumo de nueve grupos de alimentos para definir el patrón de dieta mediterránea: vegetales, frutas, legumbres, cereales, carne roja, pescado, aceite de oliva, leche y productos lácteos y vino. Se aplicaron dos técnicas de análisis: comparación de la media diaria de consumo de cada grupo, y el cálculo de un escore global para todos los alimentos, por nivel educacional y clase social de origen.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los grupos de nivel educacional más bajo consumen mas cereales y legumbres, pero menos vegetales, aceite de oliva (las mujeres), leche y productos lácteos (los varones). El consumo de vino está positivamente asociado con la educación en las mujeres y negativamente asociado en los varones. Calculando una puntuación para medir la adhesión global al patrón de dieta mediterránea, las diferencias por cada grupo de alimentos se compensan, y no hay variaciones según el nivel educacional, aunque existen pequeñas diferencias en la clase social de origen (22,52 en la clase más baja y 21,98 en la clase más alta). El índice de adhesión es más bajo en los adultos jóvenes y mujeres, y ligeramente más alto en las poblaciones del sur (23,53 en Murcia) que en las del norte de España (21,64 en Asturias).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados sugieren que el patrón de dieta mediterránea es bastante uniforme, al menos en las poblaciones adultas de las áreas incluidas en el estudio.</p>" ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Lower social classes tend to eat a less healthy diet. The aim of this study was to compare adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern among different demographic and social groups in the adult population.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A cross-sectional study was performed in southern and northern regions of Spain in healthy volunteers (15,634 men and 25,812 women), aged 29-69 years, who were members of the European Prospective Investigation on Cancer cohort in Spain. Nine groups of food were included in the definition of the Mediterranean diet: vegetables and garden products, fruits, pulses, cereals, red meat, fish, olive oil, milk and milk products, and wine. Two techniques were used in the analysis: comparison of the mean daily intake of each group and calculation of an overall score for all the foods according to educational level ang original social class.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Groups with the lowest educational levels consumed more cereals and pulses and lower quantities of vegetables, olive oil (women), milk and milk products (men). Wine consumption was positively associated with education in women and was negatively associated in men. Calculation of a score to measure overall adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern eliminated differences according to each food category. No variations were found according to educational level, but small differences were found in original social class. The adherence score was lowest in young adults and women and was slightly higher in the south than in the north of Spain.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The results suggest that the Mediterranean dietary pattern is fairly uniform, at least in the adult population of the regions included in this study.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "1" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="np0005">EPIC es un estudio Europeo coordinado por la Unidad de Nutrición y Cáncer de la Agencia Internacional de Investigación del Cáncer (IARC) (Agreement AEP/93/02). El grupo EPIC recibe ayuda financiera del Programa Europa Contra el Cáncer de la Unión Europea (Agreement SOC 97 20030205F02), del Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) (Exp 96-0032), de las Comunidades Autónomas participantes y ha recibido ayuda de la Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española contra el Cáncer.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:40 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Socio-economic determinants of health. The contribution of nutrition to inequalities in health" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "W.P. James" 1 => "M. Nelson" 2 => "A. Ralph" 3 => "S. 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| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 8 | 4 | 12 |
| 2024 Octubre | 62 | 37 | 99 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 50 | 17 | 67 |
| 2024 Agosto | 71 | 24 | 95 |
| 2024 Julio | 36 | 25 | 61 |
| 2024 Junio | 42 | 20 | 62 |
| 2024 Mayo | 50 | 28 | 78 |
| 2024 Abril | 36 | 20 | 56 |
| 2024 Marzo | 44 | 23 | 67 |
| 2024 Febrero | 35 | 39 | 74 |
| 2024 Enero | 31 | 20 | 51 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 35 | 21 | 56 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 28 | 11 | 39 |
| 2023 Octubre | 34 | 11 | 45 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 30 | 17 | 47 |
| 2023 Agosto | 34 | 10 | 44 |
| 2023 Julio | 50 | 21 | 71 |
| 2023 Junio | 57 | 13 | 70 |
| 2023 Mayo | 41 | 12 | 53 |
| 2023 Abril | 37 | 22 | 59 |
| 2023 Marzo | 41 | 32 | 73 |
| 2023 Febrero | 26 | 26 | 52 |
| 2023 Enero | 44 | 21 | 65 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 49 | 43 | 92 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 49 | 41 | 90 |
| 2022 Octubre | 27 | 32 | 59 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 36 | 36 | 72 |
| 2022 Agosto | 32 | 50 | 82 |
| 2022 Julio | 29 | 39 | 68 |
| 2022 Junio | 26 | 32 | 58 |
| 2022 Mayo | 27 | 34 | 61 |
| 2022 Abril | 25 | 36 | 61 |
| 2022 Marzo | 29 | 46 | 75 |
| 2022 Febrero | 23 | 24 | 47 |
| 2022 Enero | 25 | 37 | 62 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 28 | 37 | 65 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 26 | 47 | 73 |
| 2021 Octubre | 35 | 31 | 66 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 21 | 37 | 58 |
| 2021 Agosto | 18 | 19 | 37 |
| 2021 Julio | 27 | 22 | 49 |
| 2021 Junio | 18 | 26 | 44 |
| 2021 Mayo | 19 | 23 | 42 |
| 2021 Abril | 31 | 54 | 85 |
| 2021 Marzo | 38 | 21 | 59 |
| 2021 Febrero | 17 | 18 | 35 |
| 2021 Enero | 23 | 20 | 43 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 19 | 11 | 30 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 13 | 20 | 33 |
| 2020 Octubre | 13 | 19 | 32 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 17 | 1 | 18 |
| 2020 Agosto | 7 | 15 | 22 |
| 2020 Julio | 19 | 13 | 32 |
| 2020 Junio | 12 | 2 | 14 |
| 2020 Mayo | 14 | 15 | 29 |
| 2020 Abril | 20 | 19 | 39 |
| 2020 Marzo | 23 | 12 | 35 |
| 2020 Febrero | 11 | 39 | 50 |
| 2020 Enero | 21 | 13 | 34 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 11 | 14 | 25 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 14 | 4 | 18 |
| 2019 Octubre | 6 | 11 | 17 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 5 | 9 | 14 |
| 2019 Agosto | 17 | 12 | 29 |
| 2019 Julio | 19 | 4 | 23 |
| 2019 Junio | 4 | 9 | 13 |
| 2019 Mayo | 14 | 7 | 21 |
| 2019 Abril | 18 | 10 | 28 |
| 2019 Marzo | 22 | 13 | 35 |
| 2019 Febrero | 22 | 8 | 30 |
| 2019 Enero | 23 | 14 | 37 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 22 | 10 | 32 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 61 | 13 | 74 |
| 2018 Octubre | 69 | 26 | 95 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 50 | 16 | 66 |
| 2018 Agosto | 21 | 8 | 29 |
| 2018 Julio | 26 | 12 | 38 |
| 2018 Junio | 25 | 14 | 39 |
| 2018 Mayo | 24 | 19 | 43 |
| 2018 Abril | 21 | 5 | 26 |
| 2018 Marzo | 13 | 6 | 19 |
| 2018 Febrero | 16 | 9 | 25 |
| 2018 Enero | 13 | 7 | 20 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 14 | 13 | 27 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 25 | 13 | 38 |
| 2017 Octubre | 12 | 16 | 28 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 16 | 11 | 27 |
| 2017 Agosto | 7 | 8 | 15 |
| 2017 Julio | 20 | 17 | 37 |
| 2017 Junio | 26 | 8 | 34 |
| 2017 Mayo | 22 | 9 | 31 |
| 2017 Abril | 32 | 28 | 60 |
| 2017 Marzo | 16 | 6 | 22 |
| 2017 Febrero | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2017 Enero | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 18 | 5 | 23 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 19 | 5 | 24 |
| 2016 Octubre | 18 | 17 | 35 |
| 2016 Septiembre | 12 | 6 | 18 |
| 2016 Agosto | 22 | 6 | 28 |
| 2016 Julio | 10 | 3 | 13 |
| 2016 Marzo | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 Diciembre | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Octubre | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Agosto | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 Mayo | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Abril | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Febrero | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Enero | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2014 Diciembre | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2014 Noviembre | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2014 Octubre | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2014 Septiembre | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 2014 Agosto | 14 | 0 | 14 |
| 2014 Julio | 16 | 0 | 16 |
| 2014 Junio | 20 | 0 | 20 |
| 2014 Mayo | 26 | 0 | 26 |
| 2014 Abril | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| 2014 Marzo | 13 | 0 | 13 |
| 2014 Febrero | 15 | 2 | 17 |
| 2014 Enero | 8 | 2 | 10 |
| 2013 Diciembre | 18 | 0 | 18 |
| 2013 Noviembre | 22 | 2 | 24 |
| 2013 Octubre | 33 | 2 | 35 |
| 2013 Septiembre | 20 | 6 | 26 |
| 2013 Agosto | 25 | 2 | 27 |
| 2013 Julio | 22 | 2 | 24 |
| 2002 Mayo | 1278 | 0 | 1278 |
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