array:24 [
  "pii" => "S0213911107720101"
  "issn" => "02139111"
  "doi" => "10.1157/13106806"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-05-01"
  "aid" => "72010"
  "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2007"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
  "subdocumento" => "fla"
  "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2007;21:227-34"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 5049
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 133
      "HTML" => 4325
      "PDF" => 591
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S0213911107720113"
    "issn" => "02139111"
    "doi" => "10.1157/13106807"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-05-01"
    "aid" => "72011"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2007;21:235-41"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 5071
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 112
        "HTML" => 4229
        "PDF" => 730
      ]
    ]
    "es" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Originales</span>"
      "titulo" => "Visi&#243;n del maltrato al anciano desde atenci&#243;n primaria"
      "tienePdf" => "es"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "es"
        1 => "en"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "235"
          "paginaFinal" => "241"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Primary care doctors&#8217; and nurses&#8217; opinion of elder abuse and neglect"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "es" => true
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "es" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Montserrat Coma, Julio Mu&#241;oz, Pilar Postigo, Manuela Ayuso, Cristina Sierra, Teresa Sayrol"
          "autores" => array:6 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Montserrat"
              "apellidos" => "Coma"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Julio"
              "apellidos" => "Mu&#241;oz"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Pilar"
              "apellidos" => "Postigo"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Manuela"
              "apellidos" => "Ayuso"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Cristina"
              "apellidos" => "Sierra"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Teresa"
              "apellidos" => "Sayrol"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911107720113?idApp=WGSE"
    "url" => "/02139111/0000002100000003/v2_201301241604/S0213911107720113/v2_201301241604/es/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:19 [
    "pii" => "S0213911107720095"
    "issn" => "02139111"
    "doi" => "10.1157/13106805"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2007-05-01"
    "aid" => "72009"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Salud P&#250;blica y Administraci&#243;n Sanitaria"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/"
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2007;21:219-26"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 3223
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 134
        "HTML" => 2565
        "PDF" => 524
      ]
    ]
    "es" => array:11 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Originales</span>"
      "titulo" => "Factores socioecon&#243;micos y frecuentaci&#243;n en las consultas de medicina de familia de la red sanitaria p&#250;blica madrile&#241;a"
      "tienePdf" => "es"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "es"
        1 => "en"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "219"
          "paginaFinal" => "226"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Socioeconomic factors and utilization of public family practice facilities in Madrid"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "es" => true
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "es" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "Miguel &#193;ngel Garc&#237;a P&#233;rez, Vicente Mart&#237;n Moreno, Dulce Ram&#237;rez Puerta, Yolanda Gonz&#225;lez Mart&#237;nez, In&#233;s Hidalgo Vicario, Eva Escribano Ceruelo, Agust&#237;n G&#243;mez de la C&#225;mara"
          "autores" => array:7 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Miguel &#193;ngel"
              "apellidos" => "Garc&#237;a P&#233;rez"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Vicente"
              "apellidos" => "Mart&#237;n Moreno"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Dulce"
              "apellidos" => "Ram&#237;rez Puerta"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Yolanda"
              "apellidos" => "Gonz&#225;lez Mart&#237;nez"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "In&#233;s"
              "apellidos" => "Hidalgo Vicario"
            ]
            5 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Eva"
              "apellidos" => "Escribano Ceruelo"
            ]
            6 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "Agust&#237;n"
              "apellidos" => "G&#243;mez de la C&#225;mara"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911107720095?idApp=WGSE"
    "url" => "/02139111/0000002100000003/v2_201301241604/S0213911107720095/v2_201301241604/es/main.assets"
  ]
  "es" => array:15 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Originales</span>"
    "titulo" => "Defectos del esmalte&#44; caries en dentici&#243;n primaria&#44; fuentes de fluoruro y su relaci&#243;n con caries en dientes permanentes"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "227"
        "paginaFinal" => "234"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "Ana Alicia Vallejos-S&#225;nchez, Carlo Eduardo Medina-Sol&#237;s, Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosado, Gerardo Maupom&#233;, Alejandro Jos&#233; Casanova-Rosado, Mirna Minaya-S&#225;nchez"
        "autores" => array:6 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Ana"
            "apellidos" => "Alicia Vallejos-S&#225;nchez"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:4 [
            "nombre" => "Carlo"
            "apellidos" => "Eduardo Medina-Sol&#237;s"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "cemedinas&#64;yahoo&#46;com"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff2"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Juan"
            "apellidos" => "Fernando Casanova-Rosado"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Gerardo"
            "apellidos" => "Maupom&#233;"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff3"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Alejandro"
            "apellidos" => "Jos&#233; Casanova-Rosado"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "Mirna"
            "apellidos" => "Minaya-S&#225;nchez"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:3 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Facultad de Odontolog&#237;a de la Universidad Aut&#243;noma de Campeche&#44; Campeche&#44; M&#233;xico"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff1"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "&#193;rea Acad&#233;mica de Odontolog&#237;a&#44; Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Aut&#243;noma del Estado de Hidalgo&#44; Pachuca&#44; M&#233;xico"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff2"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Oral Health Research Institute&#44; Indiana University&#47;Purdue University at Indianapolis School of Dentistry&#44; Indian&#225;polis&#44; Indiana&#44; Estados Unidos"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff3"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor1"
            "etiqueta" => "&#8270;"
            "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia&#58; Carlo Eduardo Medina Sol&#237;s&#46; Privada de Altillo&#44; s&#47;n&#44; entre Avda&#46; Central y Pedro Moreno&#46; Colonia San Jos&#233;&#46; 24040 Campeche&#46; M&#233;xico&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Enamel defects&#44; caries in primary dentition and fluoride sources&#58; relationship with caries in permanent teeth"
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2005-08-29"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2006-11-29"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec14171"
          "palabras" => array:7 [
            0 => "Caries dental"
            1 => "Epidemiolog&#237;a"
            2 => "Dentici&#243;n permanente"
            3 => "Dentici&#243;n temporal"
            4 => "Fluoruros"
            5 => "&#205;ndice SiC"
            6 => "M&#233;xico"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Key words"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec14172"
          "palabras" => array:7 [
            0 => "Dental caries"
            1 => "Epidemiology"
            2 => "Permanent dentition"
            3 => "Primary dentition"
            4 => "Fluorides"
            5 => "SiC index"
            6 => "Mexico"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Explorar la relaci&#243;n entre la presencia de defectos del esmalte &#40;DE&#41;&#44; la experiencia de caries en la dentici&#243;n temporal&#44; y la exposici&#243;n a diversas fuentes de fluoruros&#44; con la presencia de caries en la dentici&#243;n permanente de ni&#241;os con dentici&#243;n mixta&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; un estudio transversal en 713 sujetos de 6-9 a&#241;os de edad de 4 escuelas de Campeche&#44; M&#233;xico&#44; mediante un cuestionario dirigido a las madres&#44; y un examen cl&#237;nico bucal a los ni&#241;os&#46; La variable dependiente fue la prevalencia de caries en la dentici&#243;n permanente&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El promedio de dientes temporales cariados&#44; extra&#237;dos y obturados &#40;ceod&#41; y dientes permanentes cariados&#44; perdidos y obturados &#40;CPOD&#41; fue de 2&#44;48 &#40;2&#44;82&#41; &#40;ceod &#62; 0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>58&#44;9&#37;&#41; y 0&#44;40 &#40;0&#44;98&#41; &#40;CPOD &#62; 0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18&#44;2&#37;&#41;&#44; respectivamente&#46; El &#237;ndice SiC &#40;&#237;ndice de caries significativa&#44; calculado en la dentici&#243;n temporal&#41; fue de 5&#44;85 para los ni&#241;os de 6 a&#241;os de edad&#46; En el an&#225;lisis de regresi&#243;n log&#237;stica multivariado permanecieron significativas&#44; despu&#233;s de ajustar por variables de exposici&#243;n a fluoruros&#44; la mayor edad &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">odds ratio</span> &#91;OR&#93; &#61; 2&#44;99&#41;&#44; el ceod &#62; 0 &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#44;46&#41;&#44; la menor escolaridad de la madre &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;57&#41; y una interacci&#243;n entre sexo y defectos del esmalte&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las caries en la dentici&#243;n temporal y permanente fueron relativamente menores que las observaciones publicadas por otros estudios en M&#233;xico&#46; Los resultados confirmaron que la caries en la dentici&#243;n temporal se asoci&#243; fuertemente con la caries en la dentici&#243;n permanente&#46; No hubo una relaci&#243;n significativa entre las fuentes de fluoruro y la caries dental en la dentici&#243;n permanente&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To examine the relationship between the presence of enamel defects&#44; dental caries in primary teeth&#44; and exposure to various fluoride technologies and the presence of dental caries in permanent teeth in children with mixed dentition&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Materials and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A cross-sectional study was conducted in 713 children aged 6-9 years old in 4 elementary schools in Campeche&#44; Mexico through the use of a questionnaire for the mothers and an oral examination in the children&#46; The dependent variable was the prevalence of caries in permanent dentition&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The mean number of decay&#44; missing or filling teeth in primary dentition &#40;dmft&#41; and in permanent dentition &#40;DMFT&#41; was 2&#46;48 &#40;2&#46;82&#41; &#40;deft &#62; 0 &#61; 58&#46;9&#37;&#41; and 0&#46;40 &#40;0&#46;98&#41; &#40;DMFT &#62; 0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18&#46;2&#37;&#41;&#44; respectively&#46; The significant caries index &#40;SiC&#41;&#44; which is calculated in deciduous dentition&#44; was 5&#46;85 for 6 yearolds&#46; Multivariate logistic regression adjusted for variables related to fluoride exposure revealed that older age &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#46;99&#41;&#44; a deft of &#62; 0 &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#46;46&#41;&#44; and lower maternal educational level &#40;OR<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#46;57&#41; were significantly associated with a higher number of dental caries in permanent teeth&#46; An interaction between sex and enamel defects was also found&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The number of dental caries in both primary and permanent dentitions was relatively smaller than that found in prior studies performed in Mexican populations&#46; The results confirm that the presence of caries in primary dentition is strongly associated with caries in permanent dentition&#46; No significant relationship was found between fluoride exposure and dental caries in permanent dentition&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Bibliograf&#237;a"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:1 [
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:43 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1"
              "etiqueta" => "1&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dental caries of refugee children compared with US children"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Cote"
                            1 => "P&#46; Geltman"
                            2 => "M&#46; Nunn"
                            3 => "K&#46; Lituri"
                            4 => "Henshaw"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Pediatrics"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "114"
                        "paginaInicial" => "733"
                        "paginaFinal" => "740"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib2"
              "etiqueta" => "2&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dental fluorosis in cohorts born before&#44; during and after the national salt fluoridation program in a community in Mexico"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "A&#46;A&#46; Vallejos-S&#225;nchez"
                            1 => "C&#46;E&#46; Medina-Sol&#237;s"
                            2 => "J&#46;F&#46; Casanova-Rosado"
                            3 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;"
                            4 => "M&#46; Minaya-S&#225;nchez"
                            5 => "S&#46; P&#233;rez-Olivares"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/00016350600555537"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Acta Odontol Scand"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "64"
                        "paginaInicial" => "209"
                        "paginaFinal" => "213"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16829495"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib3"
              "etiqueta" => "3&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Caries-preventive effect of fissure sealants&#58; a systematic review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "I&#46; Mejare"
                            1 => "P&#46; Lingstrom"
                            2 => "L&#46;G&#46; Petersson"
                            3 => "A&#46;K&#46; Holm"
                            4 => "S&#46; Twetman"
                            5 => "C&#46; Kallestal"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Acta Odontol Scand"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "61"
                        "paginaInicial" => "321"
                        "paginaFinal" => "330"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14960003"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib4"
              "etiqueta" => "4&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Caries-preventive effect of sodium fluoride mouthrinses&#58; a systematic review of controlled clinical trials"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Twetman"
                            1 => "L&#46; Petersson"
                            2 => "S&#46; Axelsson"
                            3 => "H&#46; Dahlgren"
                            4 => "A&#46;K&#46; Holm"
                            5 => "C&#46; Kallestal"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/00016350410001658"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Acta Odontol Scand"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "62"
                        "paginaInicial" => "223"
                        "paginaFinal" => "230"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15513419"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib5"
              "etiqueta" => "5&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Professional fluoride varnish treatment for caries control&#58; a systematic review of clinical trials"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "L&#46;G&#46; Petersson"
                            1 => "S&#46; Twetman"
                            2 => "H&#46; Dahlgren"
                            3 => "A&#46; Norlund"
                            4 => "A&#46;K&#46; Holm"
                            5 => "G&#46; Nordenram"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/00016350410006392"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Acta Odontol Scand"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "62"
                        "paginaInicial" => "170"
                        "paginaFinal" => "176"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15370638"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib6"
              "etiqueta" => "6&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prevalencia de caries en zonas rurales y periurbanas marginadas"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;"
                            1 => "S&#46;A&#46; Borges"
                            2 => "C&#46; Ledesma"
                            3 => "R&#46; Herrera"
                            4 => "E&#46;R&#46; Leyva"
                            5 => "A&#46; Navarro"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Salud P&#250;blic Mex"
                        "fecha" => "1993"
                        "volumen" => "35"
                        "paginaInicial" => "357"
                        "paginaFinal" => "367"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib7"
              "etiqueta" => "7&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "An introspective qualitative report on dietary patterns and elevated levels of dental decay in a deprived urban population in northern Mexico"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "ASDC J Dent Child"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "65"
                        "paginaInicial" => "276"
                        "paginaFinal" => "285"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9740949"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib8"
              "etiqueta" => "8&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dental caries experience in Mexican schoolchildren from rural and urban communities"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "M&#46;E&#46; Irigoyen"
                            1 => "I&#46;F&#46; Luengas"
                            2 => "A&#46; Yashine"
                            3 => "A&#46;M&#46; Mej&#237;a"
                            4 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int Dent J"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "50"
                        "paginaInicial" => "41"
                        "paginaFinal" => "45"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10945179"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib9"
              "etiqueta" => "9&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prevalencia&#44; severidad de caries y necesidades de tratamiento en preescolares de una comunidad suburbana de Campeche-2001"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "M&#46;S&#46; Herrera"
                            1 => "C&#46;E&#46; Medina-Sol&#237;s"
                            2 => "G&#46; Rosado-Vila"
                            3 => "M&#46; Minaya-S&#225;nchez"
                            4 => "A&#46;A&#46; Vallejos-S&#225;nchez"
                            5 => "J&#46;F&#46; Casanova-Rosado"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "60"
                        "paginaInicial" => "189"
                        "paginaFinal" => "196"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib10"
              "etiqueta" => "10&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dental caries experience and factors among preschoolers in Southeastern Mexico&#58; a brief communication"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Segovia-Villanueva"
                            1 => "R&#46; Estrella-Rodr&#237;guez"
                            2 => "C&#46;E&#46; Medina-Sol&#237;s"
                            3 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Public Health Dent"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "66"
                        "paginaInicial" => "88"
                        "paginaFinal" => "91"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16711626"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib11"
              "etiqueta" => "11&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dental caries and associated factor in Mexican schoolchildren aged 6-13 years"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "A&#46;J&#46; Casanova-Rosado"
                            1 => "C&#46;E&#46; Medina-Sol&#237;s"
                            2 => "J&#46;F&#46; Casanova-Rosado"
                            3 => "A&#46;A&#46; Vallejos-S&#225;nchez"
                            4 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;"
                            5 => "L&#46; &#193;vila-Burgos"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1080/00016350510019865"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Acta Odontol Scand"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "63"
                        "paginaInicial" => "245"
                        "paginaFinal" => "251"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16040448"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib12"
              "etiqueta" => "12&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Changes in dental caries 1953-2003"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "T&#46;M&#46; Marthaler"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1159/000077752"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Caries Res"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "38"
                        "paginaInicial" => "173"
                        "paginaFinal" => "181"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15153686"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib13"
              "etiqueta" => "13&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Trends in dental caries in Latin American and Caribbean 5-6- and 11-13-year-old children&#58; a systematic review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Bonecker"
                            1 => "P&#46; Cleaton-Jones"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "31"
                        "paginaInicial" => "152"
                        "paginaFinal" => "157"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12641597"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib14"
              "etiqueta" => "14&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Patterns of dental caries following the cessation of water fluoridation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;"
                            1 => "D&#46;C&#46; Clark"
                            2 => "S&#46;M&#46; Levy"
                            3 => "J&#46; Berkowitz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "29"
                        "paginaInicial" => "37"
                        "paginaFinal" => "47"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11153562"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib15"
              "etiqueta" => "15&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Oral health of schoolchildren residing in areas with or without water fluoridation in Sorocaba&#44; Sao Paulo State&#44; Brazil"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Cypriano"
                            1 => "G&#46;D&#46; Pecharki"
                            2 => "M&#46;L&#46; De Souza"
                            3 => "R&#46; Seichi-Wada"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cad Sa&#250;de P&#250;blica"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "19"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1063"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1071"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12973571"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib16"
              "etiqueta" => "16&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dietary factors in the prevention of dental caries&#58; a systematic review"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "P&#46; Lingstrom"
                            1 => "A&#46;K&#46; Holm"
                            2 => "I&#46; Mejare"
                            3 => "S&#46; Twetman"
                            4 => "B&#46; Soder"
                            5 => "A&#46; Norlund"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Acta Odontol Scand"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "61"
                        "paginaInicial" => "331"
                        "paginaFinal" => "340"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14960004"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib17"
              "etiqueta" => "17&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Associations between dietary intake&#44; dental caries experience and salivary bacterial levels in 12-year-old English schoolchildren"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Beighton"
                            1 => "A&#46; Adamson"
                            2 => "A&#46; Rugg-Gunn"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Oral Biol"
                        "fecha" => "1996"
                        "volumen" => "41"
                        "paginaInicial" => "271"
                        "paginaFinal" => "280"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8735013"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib18"
              "etiqueta" => "18&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The caries balance&#58; the basis for caries management by risk assessment"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "J&#46;D&#46; Featherstone"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Oral Health Prev Dent"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "2"
                        "numero" => "Suppl 1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "259"
                        "paginaFinal" => "264"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15646583"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib19"
              "etiqueta" => "19&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Relationship between the presence of demarcated opacities and hypoplasia in permanent teeth and caries in their primary predecessors"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "E&#46;C&#46; Lo"
                            1 => "C&#46;G&#46; Zheng"
                            2 => "N&#46;M&#46; King"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "73400"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Caries Res"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "37"
                        "paginaInicial" => "456"
                        "paginaFinal" => "461"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14571126"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib20"
              "etiqueta" => "20&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Preschool caries as an indicator of future caries&#58; a longitudinal study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "B&#46; Peretz"
                            1 => "D&#46; Ram"
                            2 => "E&#46; Azo"
                            3 => "Y&#46; Efrat"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Pediatr Dent"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "25"
                        "paginaInicial" => "114"
                        "paginaFinal" => "118"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12723835"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            20 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib21"
              "etiqueta" => "21&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Predicting caries in permanent teeth from caries in primary teeth&#58; an eight-year cohort study"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "Y&#46; Li"
                            1 => "W&#46; Wang"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Dent Res"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "81"
                        "paginaInicial" => "561"
                        "paginaFinal" => "566"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12147748"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            21 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib22"
              "etiqueta" => "22&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Experiencia y prevalencia de caries dental en escolares de Le&#243;n Nicaragua"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46; Herrera"
                            1 => "C&#46;E&#46; Medina-Sol&#237;s"
                            2 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Gac Sanit"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "19"
                        "paginaInicial" => "302"
                        "paginaFinal" => "306"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16050966"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            22 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib23"
              "etiqueta" => "23&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Risk&#47;prevention indicators for the prevalence of dental caries in schoolchildren&#58; results from the Italian OHSAR Survey"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Perinetti"
                            1 => "S&#46; Caputi"
                            2 => "G&#46; Varvara"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1159/000081651"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Caries Res"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "39"
                        "paginaInicial" => "9"
                        "paginaFinal" => "19"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15591729"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            23 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib24"
              "etiqueta" => "24&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Factors related to dental health in 12 year-old children&#58; a cross-sectional study in pupils"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "E&#46; Smyth"
                            1 => "F&#46; Caamano"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Gac Sanit"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "19"
                        "paginaInicial" => "113"
                        "paginaFinal" => "119"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15860159"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            24 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib25"
              "etiqueta" => "25&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Influence of exposure to fluoridated water on socioeconomic inequalities in children&#39;s caries experience"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "G&#46;D&#46; Slade"
                            1 => "A&#46;J&#46; Spencer"
                            2 => "M&#46;J&#46; Davies"
                            3 => "J&#46;F&#46; Stewart"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"
                        "fecha" => "1996"
                        "volumen" => "24"
                        "paginaInicial" => "89"
                        "paginaFinal" => "100"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8654039"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            25 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib26"
              "etiqueta" => "26&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dental caries in schoolchildren from rural communities in Itauna &#40;MG&#41;&#44; Brazil"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "M&#46;H&#46; De Abreu"
                            1 => "I&#46;A&#46; Pordeus"
                            2 => "C&#46;M&#46; Modena"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Panam Salud Publica"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "16"
                        "paginaInicial" => "334"
                        "paginaFinal" => "344"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15729983"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            26 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib27"
              "etiqueta" => "27&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Behavioural and demographic factors during early childhood and poor dental health at 10 years of age"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "M&#46;L&#46; Mattila"
                            1 => "P&#46; Rautava"
                            2 => "M&#46; Aromaa"
                            3 => "A&#46; Ojanlatva"
                            4 => "P&#46; Paunio"
                            5 => "L&#46; Hyssala"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1159/000083152"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Caries Res"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "39"
                        "paginaInicial" => "85"
                        "paginaFinal" => "91"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15741719"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            27 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib28"
              "etiqueta" => "28&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prevalencia de fluorosis dental y fuentes adicionales de exposici&#243;n a fluoruro como factores de riesgo a fluorosis dental en escolares de Campeche&#44; M&#233;xico"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "P&#46;R&#46; Beltr&#225;n-Valladares"
                            1 => "H&#46; Cocom-Tum"
                            2 => "J&#46;F&#46; Casanova-Rosado"
                            3 => "A&#46;A&#46; Vallejos-S&#225;nchez"
                            4 => "C&#46;E&#46; Medina-Sol&#237;s"
                            5 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Invest Clin"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "57"
                        "paginaInicial" => "532"
                        "paginaFinal" => "539"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16315637"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            28 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib29"
              "etiqueta" => "29&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "An epidemiological index of development defects of dental enamel &#40;DDE index&#41;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "colaboracion" => "FDI"
                          "etal" => false
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int Dent J"
                        "fecha" => "1982"
                        "volumen" => "32"
                        "paginaInicial" => "159"
                        "paginaFinal" => "167"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6956548"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            29 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib30"
              "etiqueta" => "30&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Applied logistic regression"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Hosmer"
                            1 => "S&#46; Lemeshow"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:4 [
                        "edicion" => "2&#46;&#170; ed&#46;"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "editorial" => "Wiley-Interscience Publication"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "New York"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            30 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib31"
              "etiqueta" => "31&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Logistic regression in the medical literature&#58; standards for use and reporting&#44; with particular attention to one medical domain"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "S&#46;C&#46; Bagley"
                            1 => "H&#46; White"
                            2 => "B&#46;A&#46; Golomb"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Clin Epidemiol"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "54"
                        "paginaInicial" => "979"
                        "paginaFinal" => "985"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11576808"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            31 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib32"
              "etiqueta" => "32&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A note on robust variance estimation for cluster-correlated data"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "R&#46;L&#46; Williams"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Biometrics"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "56"
                        "paginaInicial" => "645"
                        "paginaFinal" => "646"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10877330"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            32 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib33"
              "etiqueta" => "33&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Changes in the prevalence of dental caries in schoolchildren in three regions of Mexico&#58; surveys from 1987-1988 and 1997-1998"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "O&#46; Vel&#225;squez-Monroy"
                            1 => "H&#46; Vera-Hermosillo"
                            2 => "M&#46;E&#46; Irigoyen-Camacho"
                            3 => "A&#46; Mej&#237;a-Gonz&#225;lez"
                            4 => "T&#46;L&#46; S&#225;nchez-P&#233;rez"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Panam Salud P&#250;blica"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "13"
                        "paginaInicial" => "320"
                        "paginaFinal" => "326"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12831436"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            33 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib34"
              "etiqueta" => "34&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dental caries in Paulinia&#44; Sao Paulo State&#44; Brazil&#44; and WHO goals for 2000 and 2010"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "P&#46;R&#46; Gomes"
                            1 => "S&#46;C&#46; Costa"
                            2 => "S&#46; Cypriano"
                            3 => "L&#46; De Sousa Mda"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "/S0102-311X2004000300024"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cad Saude Publica"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "20"
                        "paginaInicial" => "866"
                        "paginaFinal" => "870"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15263998"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            34 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib35"
              "etiqueta" => "35&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dental caries experience in children at public and private schools from a city with fluoridated water"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "R&#46;H&#46; Hoffmann"
                            1 => "S&#46; Cypriano"
                            2 => "L&#46; Sousa Mda"
                            3 => "R&#46;S&#46; Wada"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Cad Saude Publica"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "20"
                        "paginaInicial" => "522"
                        "paginaFinal" => "528"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15073632"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            35 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib36"
              "etiqueta" => "36&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Prevalence and severity of dental caries in Costa Rican schoolchildren&#58; results of the 1999 national survey"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "I&#46; Solorzano"
                            1 => "M&#46;T&#46; Salas"
                            2 => "P&#46; Chavarr&#237;a"
                            3 => "E&#46; Beltr&#225;n-Aguilar"
                            4 => "H&#46; Horowitz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int Dent J"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "55"
                        "paginaInicial" => "24"
                        "paginaFinal" => "30"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15747649"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            36 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib37"
              "etiqueta" => "37&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Relationship between socioeconomic level and oral health status in an elderly population in Mexico City"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;"
                            1 => "S&#46;A&#46; Borges-Y&#225;&#241;ez"
                            2 => "R&#46; L&#243;pez-P&#233;rez"
                            3 => "L&#46;E&#46; Ram&#237;rez-Mireles"
                            4 => "F&#46;J&#46; D&#237;ez de Bonilla"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Odontoestomatol Prev Com"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "14"
                        "paginaInicial" => "647"
                        "paginaFinal" => "656"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            37 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib38"
              "etiqueta" => "38&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Relaci&#243;n entre el estado de salud bucal y el consumo de alimentos energ&#233;ticos y nutrimentos en ancianos de tres localidades en M&#233;xico"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "S&#46;A&#46; Borges-Y&#225;&#241;ez"
                            1 => "G&#46; Maupom&#233;-Carvantes"
                            2 => "M&#46; Mart&#237;nez-Gonz&#225;lez"
                            3 => "L&#46; Cervantes-Turrubiates"
                            4 => "L&#46;M&#46; Guti&#233;rrez-Robledo"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Nutr Clin"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "9"
                        "paginaFinal" => "16"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            38 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib39"
              "etiqueta" => "39&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Caries and dental fluorosis in a 0&#46;25 and a 2&#46;5 ppm fluoride area in the Sudan"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "Y&#46;E&#46; Ibrahim"
                            1 => "K&#46; Bjorvatn"
                            2 => "J&#46;M&#46; Birkeland"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Paediatr Dent"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "7"
                        "paginaInicial" => "161"
                        "paginaFinal" => "166"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9482041"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            39 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib40"
              "etiqueta" => "40&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The relationship between dental caries and dental fluorosis in areas with moderate- and high-fluoride drinking water in Ethiopia"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "F&#46; Wondwossen"
                            1 => "A&#46;N&#46; Astrom"
                            2 => "K&#46; Bjorvatn"
                            3 => "A&#46; Bardsen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1111/j.1600-0528.2004.00172.x"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "volumen" => "32"
                        "paginaInicial" => "337"
                        "paginaFinal" => "344"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15341618"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            40 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib41"
              "etiqueta" => "41&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dental fluorosis and caries experience in relation to three different drinking water fluoride levels in South Africa"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "S&#46;R&#46; Grobleri"
                            1 => "A&#46;J&#46; Louw"
                            2 => "T&#46;J&#46; Van Kotze"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Int J Paediatr Dent"
                        "fecha" => "2001"
                        "volumen" => "11"
                        "paginaInicial" => "372"
                        "paginaFinal" => "379"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11572269"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            41 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib42"
              "etiqueta" => "42&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fluorosis and dental caries in 6-8-year-old children in a 5 ppm fluoride area"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Mann"
                            1 => "W&#46; Mahmoud"
                            2 => "M&#46; Ernest"
                            3 => "H&#46; Sgan-Cohen"
                            4 => "N&#46; Shoshan"
                            5 => "I&#46; Gedalia"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"
                        "fecha" => "1990"
                        "volumen" => "18"
                        "paginaInicial" => "77"
                        "paginaFinal" => "79"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2335066"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            42 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib43"
              "etiqueta" => "43&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Dental fluorosis and caries prevalence in children residing in communities with different levels of fluoride in the water"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "R&#46;D&#46; Jackson"
                            1 => "S&#46;A&#46; Kelly"
                            2 => "B&#46;P&#46; Katz"
                            3 => "J&#46;R&#46; Hull"
                            4 => "G&#46;K&#46; Stookey"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Public Health Dent"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "55"
                        "paginaInicial" => "79"
                        "paginaFinal" => "84"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7643331"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  "url" => "/02139111/0000002100000003/v2_201301241604/S0213911107720101/v2_201301241604/es/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "764"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "es" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Originales"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/02139111/0000002100000003/v2_201301241604/S0213911107720101/v2_201301241604/es/main.pdf?idApp=WGSE&text.app=https://gacetasanitaria.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911107720101?idApp=WGSE"
]
Compartir
Publique en esta revista
Información de la revista
Vol. 21. Núm. 3.
Páginas 227-234 (mayo - junio 2007)
Respuestas rápidas
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 21. Núm. 3.
Páginas 227-234 (mayo - junio 2007)
Originales
Open Access
Defectos del esmalte, caries en dentición primaria, fuentes de fluoruro y su relación con caries en dientes permanentes
Enamel defects, caries in primary dentition and fluoride sources: relationship with caries in permanent teeth
Visitas
1091
Ana Alicia Vallejos-Sáncheza, Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solísb,
Autor para correspondencia
cemedinas@yahoo.com

Correspondencia: Carlo Eduardo Medina Solís. Privada de Altillo, s/n, entre Avda. Central y Pedro Moreno. Colonia San José. 24040 Campeche. México.
, Juan Fernando Casanova-Rosadoa, Gerardo Maupoméc, Alejandro José Casanova-Rosadoa, Mirna Minaya-Sáncheza
a Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Campeche, México
b Área Académica de Odontología, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, México
c Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University/Purdue University at Indianapolis School of Dentistry, Indianápolis, Indiana, Estados Unidos
Este artículo ha recibido

Under a Creative Commons license
Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
Descargar PDF
Estadísticas
Resumen
Objetivo

Explorar la relación entre la presencia de defectos del esmalte (DE), la experiencia de caries en la dentición temporal, y la exposición a diversas fuentes de fluoruros, con la presencia de caries en la dentición permanente de niños con dentición mixta.

Material y métodos

Se realizó un estudio transversal en 713 sujetos de 6-9 años de edad de 4 escuelas de Campeche, México, mediante un cuestionario dirigido a las madres, y un examen clínico bucal a los niños. La variable dependiente fue la prevalencia de caries en la dentición permanente.

Resultados

El promedio de dientes temporales cariados, extraídos y obturados (ceod) y dientes permanentes cariados, perdidos y obturados (CPOD) fue de 2,48 (2,82) (ceod > 0=58,9%) y 0,40 (0,98) (CPOD > 0=18,2%), respectivamente. El índice SiC (índice de caries significativa, calculado en la dentición temporal) fue de 5,85 para los niños de 6 años de edad. En el análisis de regresión logística multivariado permanecieron significativas, después de ajustar por variables de exposición a fluoruros, la mayor edad (odds ratio [OR] = 2,99), el ceod > 0 (OR=5,46), la menor escolaridad de la madre (OR=1,57) y una interacción entre sexo y defectos del esmalte.

Conclusiones

Las caries en la dentición temporal y permanente fueron relativamente menores que las observaciones publicadas por otros estudios en México. Los resultados confirmaron que la caries en la dentición temporal se asoció fuertemente con la caries en la dentición permanente. No hubo una relación significativa entre las fuentes de fluoruro y la caries dental en la dentición permanente.

Palabras clave:
Caries dental
Epidemiología
Dentición permanente
Dentición temporal
Fluoruros
Índice SiC
México
Abstract
Objective

To examine the relationship between the presence of enamel defects, dental caries in primary teeth, and exposure to various fluoride technologies and the presence of dental caries in permanent teeth in children with mixed dentition.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 713 children aged 6-9 years old in 4 elementary schools in Campeche, Mexico through the use of a questionnaire for the mothers and an oral examination in the children. The dependent variable was the prevalence of caries in permanent dentition.

Results

The mean number of decay, missing or filling teeth in primary dentition (dmft) and in permanent dentition (DMFT) was 2.48 (2.82) (deft > 0 = 58.9%) and 0.40 (0.98) (DMFT > 0=18.2%), respectively. The significant caries index (SiC), which is calculated in deciduous dentition, was 5.85 for 6 yearolds. Multivariate logistic regression adjusted for variables related to fluoride exposure revealed that older age (OR=2.99), a deft of > 0 (OR=5.46), and lower maternal educational level (OR=1.57) were significantly associated with a higher number of dental caries in permanent teeth. An interaction between sex and enamel defects was also found.

Conclusions

The number of dental caries in both primary and permanent dentitions was relatively smaller than that found in prior studies performed in Mexican populations. The results confirm that the presence of caries in primary dentition is strongly associated with caries in permanent dentition. No significant relationship was found between fluoride exposure and dental caries in permanent dentition.

Key words:
Dental caries
Epidemiology
Permanent dentition
Primary dentition
Fluorides
SiC index
Mexico
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
S. Cote, P. Geltman, M. Nunn, K. Lituri, Henshaw.
Dental caries of refugee children compared with US children.
Pediatrics, 114 (2004), pp. 733-740
[2.]
A.A. Vallejos-Sánchez, C.E. Medina-Solís, J.F. Casanova-Rosado, G. Maupomé, M. Minaya-Sánchez, S. Pérez-Olivares.
Dental fluorosis in cohorts born before, during and after the national salt fluoridation program in a community in Mexico.
Acta Odontol Scand, 64 (2006), pp. 209-213
[3.]
I. Mejare, P. Lingstrom, L.G. Petersson, A.K. Holm, S. Twetman, C. Kallestal.
Caries-preventive effect of fissure sealants: a systematic review.
Acta Odontol Scand, 61 (2003), pp. 321-330
[4.]
S. Twetman, L. Petersson, S. Axelsson, H. Dahlgren, A.K. Holm, C. Kallestal, et al.
Caries-preventive effect of sodium fluoride mouthrinses: a systematic review of controlled clinical trials.
Acta Odontol Scand, 62 (2004), pp. 223-230
[5.]
L.G. Petersson, S. Twetman, H. Dahlgren, A. Norlund, A.K. Holm, G. Nordenram, et al.
Professional fluoride varnish treatment for caries control: a systematic review of clinical trials.
Acta Odontol Scand, 62 (2004), pp. 170-176
[6.]
G. Maupomé, S.A. Borges, C. Ledesma, R. Herrera, E.R. Leyva, A. Navarro.
Prevalencia de caries en zonas rurales y periurbanas marginadas.
Salud Públic Mex, 35 (1993), pp. 357-367
[7.]
G. Maupomé.
An introspective qualitative report on dietary patterns and elevated levels of dental decay in a deprived urban population in northern Mexico.
ASDC J Dent Child, 65 (1998), pp. 276-285
[8.]
M.E. Irigoyen, I.F. Luengas, A. Yashine, A.M. Mejía, G. Maupomé.
Dental caries experience in Mexican schoolchildren from rural and urban communities.
Int Dent J, 50 (2000), pp. 41-45
[9.]
M.S. Herrera, C.E. Medina-Solís, G. Rosado-Vila, M. Minaya-Sánchez, A.A. Vallejos-Sánchez, J.F. Casanova-Rosado.
Prevalencia, severidad de caries y necesidades de tratamiento en preescolares de una comunidad suburbana de Campeche-2001.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex, 60 (2003), pp. 189-196
[10.]
A. Segovia-Villanueva, R. Estrella-Rodríguez, C.E. Medina-Solís, G. Maupomé.
Dental caries experience and factors among preschoolers in Southeastern Mexico: a brief communication.
J Public Health Dent, 66 (2006), pp. 88-91
[11.]
A.J. Casanova-Rosado, C.E. Medina-Solís, J.F. Casanova-Rosado, A.A. Vallejos-Sánchez, G. Maupomé, L. Ávila-Burgos.
Dental caries and associated factor in Mexican schoolchildren aged 6-13 years.
Acta Odontol Scand, 63 (2005), pp. 245-251
[12.]
T.M. Marthaler.
Changes in dental caries 1953-2003.
Caries Res, 38 (2004), pp. 173-181
[13.]
M. Bonecker, P. Cleaton-Jones.
Trends in dental caries in Latin American and Caribbean 5-6- and 11-13-year-old children: a systematic review.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 31 (2003), pp. 152-157
[14.]
G. Maupomé, D.C. Clark, S.M. Levy, J. Berkowitz.
Patterns of dental caries following the cessation of water fluoridation.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 29 (2001), pp. 37-47
[15.]
S. Cypriano, G.D. Pecharki, M.L. De Souza, R. Seichi-Wada.
Oral health of schoolchildren residing in areas with or without water fluoridation in Sorocaba, Sao Paulo State, Brazil.
Cad Saúde Pública, 19 (2003), pp. 1063-1071
[16.]
P. Lingstrom, A.K. Holm, I. Mejare, S. Twetman, B. Soder, A. Norlund, et al.
Dietary factors in the prevention of dental caries: a systematic review.
Acta Odontol Scand, 61 (2003), pp. 331-340
[17.]
D. Beighton, A. Adamson, A. Rugg-Gunn.
Associations between dietary intake, dental caries experience and salivary bacterial levels in 12-year-old English schoolchildren.
Arch Oral Biol, 41 (1996), pp. 271-280
[18.]
J.D. Featherstone.
The caries balance: the basis for caries management by risk assessment.
Oral Health Prev Dent, 2 (2004), pp. 259-264
[19.]
E.C. Lo, C.G. Zheng, N.M. King.
Relationship between the presence of demarcated opacities and hypoplasia in permanent teeth and caries in their primary predecessors.
Caries Res, 37 (2003), pp. 456-461
[20.]
B. Peretz, D. Ram, E. Azo, Y. Efrat.
Preschool caries as an indicator of future caries: a longitudinal study.
Pediatr Dent, 25 (2003), pp. 114-118
[21.]
Y. Li, W. Wang.
Predicting caries in permanent teeth from caries in primary teeth: an eight-year cohort study.
J Dent Res, 81 (2002), pp. 561-566
[22.]
M. Herrera, C.E. Medina-Solís, G. Maupomé.
Experiencia y prevalencia de caries dental en escolares de León Nicaragua.
Gac Sanit, 19 (2005), pp. 302-306
[23.]
G. Perinetti, S. Caputi, G. Varvara.
Risk/prevention indicators for the prevalence of dental caries in schoolchildren: results from the Italian OHSAR Survey.
Caries Res, 39 (2005), pp. 9-19
[24.]
E. Smyth, F. Caamano.
Factors related to dental health in 12 year-old children: a cross-sectional study in pupils.
Gac Sanit, 19 (2005), pp. 113-119
[25.]
G.D. Slade, A.J. Spencer, M.J. Davies, J.F. Stewart.
Influence of exposure to fluoridated water on socioeconomic inequalities in children's caries experience.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 24 (1996), pp. 89-100
[26.]
M.H. De Abreu, I.A. Pordeus, C.M. Modena.
Dental caries in schoolchildren from rural communities in Itauna (MG), Brazil.
Rev Panam Salud Publica, 16 (2004), pp. 334-344
[27.]
M.L. Mattila, P. Rautava, M. Aromaa, A. Ojanlatva, P. Paunio, L. Hyssala, et al.
Behavioural and demographic factors during early childhood and poor dental health at 10 years of age.
Caries Res, 39 (2005), pp. 85-91
[28.]
P.R. Beltrán-Valladares, H. Cocom-Tum, J.F. Casanova-Rosado, A.A. Vallejos-Sánchez, C.E. Medina-Solís, G. Maupomé.
Prevalencia de fluorosis dental y fuentes adicionales de exposición a fluoruro como factores de riesgo a fluorosis dental en escolares de Campeche, México.
Rev Invest Clin, 57 (2005), pp. 532-539
[29.]
FDI.
An epidemiological index of development defects of dental enamel (DDE index).
Int Dent J, 32 (1982), pp. 159-167
[30.]
D. Hosmer, S. Lemeshow.
Applied logistic regression.
2.ª ed., Wiley-Interscience Publication, (2000),
[31.]
S.C. Bagley, H. White, B.A. Golomb.
Logistic regression in the medical literature: standards for use and reporting, with particular attention to one medical domain.
J Clin Epidemiol, 54 (2001), pp. 979-985
[32.]
R.L. Williams.
A note on robust variance estimation for cluster-correlated data.
Biometrics, 56 (2000), pp. 645-646
[33.]
O. Velásquez-Monroy, H. Vera-Hermosillo, M.E. Irigoyen-Camacho, A. Mejía-González, T.L. Sánchez-Pérez.
Changes in the prevalence of dental caries in schoolchildren in three regions of Mexico: surveys from 1987-1988 and 1997-1998.
Rev Panam Salud Pública, 13 (2003), pp. 320-326
[34.]
P.R. Gomes, S.C. Costa, S. Cypriano, L. De Sousa Mda.
Dental caries in Paulinia, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, and WHO goals for 2000 and 2010.
Cad Saude Publica, 20 (2004), pp. 866-870
[35.]
R.H. Hoffmann, S. Cypriano, L. Sousa Mda, R.S. Wada.
Dental caries experience in children at public and private schools from a city with fluoridated water.
Cad Saude Publica, 20 (2004), pp. 522-528
[36.]
I. Solorzano, M.T. Salas, P. Chavarría, E. Beltrán-Aguilar, H. Horowitz.
Prevalence and severity of dental caries in Costa Rican schoolchildren: results of the 1999 national survey.
Int Dent J, 55 (2005), pp. 24-30
[37.]
G. Maupomé, S.A. Borges-Yáñez, R. López-Pérez, L.E. Ramírez-Mireles, F.J. Díez de Bonilla.
Relationship between socioeconomic level and oral health status in an elderly population in Mexico City.
Arch Odontoestomatol Prev Com, 14 (1998), pp. 647-656
[38.]
S.A. Borges-Yáñez, G. Maupomé-Carvantes, M. Martínez-González, L. Cervantes-Turrubiates, L.M. Gutiérrez-Robledo.
Relación entre el estado de salud bucal y el consumo de alimentos energéticos y nutrimentos en ancianos de tres localidades en México.
Nutr Clin, 6 (2003), pp. 9-16
[39.]
Y.E. Ibrahim, K. Bjorvatn, J.M. Birkeland.
Caries and dental fluorosis in a 0.25 and a 2.5 ppm fluoride area in the Sudan.
Int J Paediatr Dent, 7 (1997), pp. 161-166
[40.]
F. Wondwossen, A.N. Astrom, K. Bjorvatn, A. Bardsen.
The relationship between dental caries and dental fluorosis in areas with moderate- and high-fluoride drinking water in Ethiopia.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 32 (2004), pp. 337-344
[41.]
S.R. Grobleri, A.J. Louw, T.J. Van Kotze.
Dental fluorosis and caries experience in relation to three different drinking water fluoride levels in South Africa.
Int J Paediatr Dent, 11 (2001), pp. 372-379
[42.]
J. Mann, W. Mahmoud, M. Ernest, H. Sgan-Cohen, N. Shoshan, I. Gedalia.
Fluorosis and dental caries in 6-8-year-old children in a 5 ppm fluoride area.
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 18 (1990), pp. 77-79
[43.]
R.D. Jackson, S.A. Kelly, B.P. Katz, J.R. Hull, G.K. Stookey.
Dental fluorosis and caries prevalence in children residing in communities with different levels of fluoride in the water.
J Public Health Dent, 55 (1995), pp. 79-84
Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
Descargar PDF
Idiomas
Gaceta Sanitaria
Opciones de artículo
Herramientas
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?