Journal Information
Vol. 17. Issue 3.
Pages 181-189 (May - June 2003)
Vol. 17. Issue 3.
Pages 181-189 (May - June 2003)
Open Access
Valores poblacionales de referencia del perfil de salud CHIP-AE a partir de una muestra representativa de adolescentes escolarizados
Reference population values for the Spanish Child Health and Illness Profile-Adolescent Edition [CHIP-AE] using a representative school-based sample
Visits
5569
V. Serra-Suttona, L. Rajmila,
Corresponding author
lrajmil@atrm.catsalut.net

Correspondencia: Dr. Luis Rajmil. Agència d'Avaluació de Tecnologia i Recerca Mèdiques (AATRM). Recinte Pere Virgili. Esteve Terradas, 30. 08023 Barcelona. España.
, J. Alonsob, A. Rileyc, B. Starfieldc
a Agència d'Avaluació de Tecnologia i Recerca Mèdiques (AATRM). Barcelona
b Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM) y Universitat Autònoma. Barcelona. España
c Department of Health Policy and Management. The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health. Baltimore. EE.UU
This item has received

Under a Creative Commons license
Article information
Resumen
Objetivo

El perfil de salud CHIP-AE (Child Health and Illness Profile, Adolescent Edition) es un instrumento genérico para adolescentes de 12 a 19 años que ha sido adaptado para uso en España. El objetivo del estudio fue obtener los valores poblacionales de referencia de la versión española del CHIP-AE.

Métodos

Se administró el CHIP-AE a una muestra representativa de adolescentes escolarizados de Barcelona, mediante muestreo por conglomerados, estratificado según la titularidad del centro (público o concertado) y el índice de capacidad económica familiar (bajo, medio y alto). Se estandarizaron las puntuaciones a una media de 20 y desviación estándar (DE) de 5. Se calcularon las medias y los percentiles. Las medias se compararon por edad, género y nivel socioeconómico mediante análisis de la varianza.

Resultados

Las proporción de respuesta fue del 81% (n = 902). Las puntuaciones presentaron un amplio rango de distribución, y aunque en general fueron algo sesgadas hacia las puntuaciones de buena salud, sugieren que la muestra de población general no está exenta de problemas de salud. El 25% presentó puntuaciones por debajo de 17,2 en la dimensión de bienestar, lo que indica un tamaño de efecto de 0,56 unidades estandarizadas de DE. La distribución de las puntuaciones de las muestras de referencia de Barcelona fueron muy similares a las originales de Baltimore (Estados Unidos), con diferencias mínimas en riesgo individual.

Conclusiones

El CHIP-AE recoge de manera sistemática las dimensiones propias de la salud de los adolescentes. Los resultados permitirán establecer comparaciones con adolescentes de otras regiones, y/o con diferentes problemas de salud y analizar las desigualdades en salud durante la adolescencia.

Palabras clave:
Adolescentes
Cuestionario
Salud percibida
Valores de referencia
Versión española
Abstract
Aim

The Child Health and Illness Profile (CHIP-AE) is a generic health status instrument for adolescents aged 12-19 years adapted for use in Spain. The aim of this study was to obtain reference population values of the Spanish version of the CHIPAE.

Methods

The CHIP-AE was administered to a representative sample of adolescents from schools in Barcelona. The sample was selected by using cluster-sampling, stratified by type of school (public or private) and an ecological socioeconomic index (Índice de Capacidad Familiar: low, middle, and high). The CHIP-AE scores were standardized to a mean of 20 and a standard deviation (SD) of 5. Means and percentiles were computed. Means were compared by age, gender, and socioeconomic status using analysis of variance.

Results

The response rate was 81% (n = 902). The distribution of the CHIP-AE scores presented a wide range with scores generally skewed toward positive health status. Nevertheless, the results suggest that the sample selected from a general population was not free of health problems. Twentyfive percent of adolescents presented scores below 17.2 in the domain of discomfort, indicating an effect size of 0.56 standardized SD units. The distribution of scores in the reference samples from Barcelona was similar to the original results in Baltimore (USA), with some marginal differences in individual risks.

Conclusions

The CHIP-AE systematically gathers information on health domains in adolescents. The results from this reference sample will allow comparisons with adolescents from other regions, and/or with different health problems, as well as description of inequalities in health during adolescence.

Key words:
Adolescents
Questionnaire
Self-perceived health
Reference values
Spanish version
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Biblografía
[1.]
C. Eiser, R. Morse.
A review of measures of quality of life for children with chronic illness.
Arch Dis Child, 84 (2001), pp. 205-211
[2.]
L. Rajmil, M.D. Estrada, M. Herdman, V. Serra-Sutton, J. Alonso.
Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en la infancia y adolescencia: revisión de la literatura y de los instrumentos adaptados en España.
Gac Sanit, 15 (2001), pp. 31-43
[3.]
B. Gandek, J.E. Ware.
Methods for validating and norming translations of health status questionnaires: the IQOLA project approach.
J Clin Epidemiol, 51 (1998), pp. 953-959
[4.]
B. Starfield, M. Bergner, M. Ensminger, A. Riley, S. Ryan, B. Green, et al.
Adolescent health status measurement: development of the Child Health and Illness Profile.
Pediatrics, 91 (1993), pp. 430-435
[5.]
B. Starfield, A.W. Riley, B.F. Green, M. Ensminger, S. Ryan, K. Kelleher, et al.
The adolescent CHIP: a population-based measure of health.
Med Care, 33 (1995), pp. 553-556
[6.]
L. Rajmil, V. Serra-Sutton, J. Alonso, B. Starfield, A. Riley, J.R. Vázquez.
The Spanish version of the Child Health and Illness Profile Adolescent Edition (CHIP-AE).
Qual Life Res, 12 (2003), pp. 303-313
[7.]
L. Rajmil, V. Serra-Sutton, J. Alonso, M. Herdman, A. Riley, B. Starfield.
Validity of the Spanish version of the Child Health and Illness Profile, Adolescent Edition (CHIP-AE) [en prensa].
Med Care, (2003),
[8.]
A. Ventura, C. Cárcel.
Index de capacitat econòmica familiar a la ciutat de Barcelona (II).
[9.]
SPSS Base 10.0.
Applications guide.
[10.]
J.L. Cronbach.
Coefficient alpha and internal structure of test.
Psychometrika, 16 (1951), pp. 297-334
[11.]
H.O. Gulliksen.
Theory of mental tests.
[12.]
Coe R. What is an 'effect size'?: a guide for users [consultado 23/03/2003]. Disponible en: http://cem.dur.ac.uk/ebeuk/research/effectsize/Esguide.htm
[13.]
Scientific Advisory Commitee of the Medical Outcomes Trust.
Assessing health status and quality of life instruments: attributes and review criteria.
Qual Life Res, 11 (2002), pp. 193-205
[14.]
I.J. Higginson, A.J. Carr.
Using quality of life measures in clinical setting.
BMJ, 322 (2001), pp. 1297-1300
[15.]
J. Alonso, E. Regidor, G. Barrio, L. Prieto, C. Rodríguez, L. De la Fuente.
Valores poblacionales de referencia de la versión española del Cuestionario de Salud SF-36.
Med Clin (Barc), 111 (1998), pp. 410-416
[16.]
X. Badia, M. Roset, S. Montserrat, M. Herdman, A. Segura.
La versión española del EuroQol: descripción y aplicaciones.
Med Clin (Barc), 112 (1999), pp. 79-86
[17.]
J. Collier, D. MacKinlay, D. Phillips.
Norm values for the Generic Children's Quality of Life Measure from a large schoolbased sample.
Qual Life Res, 9 (2000), pp. 617-623
[18.]
E.B. Waters, L. Salmon, M. Wake, M. Wright, K.D. Hesketh.
The health and well-being of adolescents: a school-based population study of the self-report Child Health Questionnaire.
J Adolesc Health, 29 (2001), pp. 140-149
[19.]
R. Schwarz, A. Hinz.
Reference data for quality of life questionnaire EORTC QLQ-C30 in the general German population.
Eur J Cancer, 37 (2001), pp. 1345-1351
[20.]
J. Alonso.
La medida de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en la investigación y en la práctica clínica.
Gac Sanit, 14 (2000), pp. 163-167
[21.]
D.A. Revicki, G.E. Simon, K. Chan, W. Katon, J. Heiligenstein.
Depression, health-related quality of life, and medical cost outcomes of receiving recommended levels of antidepressant treatment.
J Fam Pract, 47 (1998), pp. 446-452
[22.]
C. Permanyer Miralda, C. Brotons Cuixart, A. Ribera Sole, I. Moral Peláez, P. Cascant Castello, J. Alonso, et al.
Resultados clínicos y de calidad de vida de los pacientes tratados con angioplastia coronaria con balón o stent. Estudio multicéntrico prospectivo.
Rev Esp Cardiol, 54 (2001), pp. 597-606
[23.]
C.D. Spielberger, C.D. Edwards, J. Montouri, R. Lushere.
Statetrait-anxiety inventory child form C-2.
[24.]
C.D. Spielberger.
Cuestionario de ansiedad estado/rasgo en niños.
[25.]
M. Kovacs.
The children's depression inventory (CDI).
Psychopharmacol Bull, 21 (1985), pp. 995-998
[26.]
J. Cohen.
Statistical power analysis for behavioral sciences.
[27.]
R.M. Crum, J.C. Anthony, S.S. Basset, M.F. Folstein.
Populationbased norms for the Mini-Mental State Examination by age and education level.
JAMA, 269 (1993), pp. 2386-2391
[28.]
A. Riley, B. Green, C. Forrest, B. Starfield, M. Kang, M. Ensminger.
A taxonomy of adolescent health. Development of the adolescent health profile.
Med Care, 36 (1998), pp. 1228-1236
[29.]
A. Riley, C. Forrest, B. Starfield, B. Green, M. Kang, M. Ensminger.
Reliability and validity of the adolescent health profile-types.
Med Care, 36 (1998), pp. 1237-1248
[30.]
K. Berg-Kelly, K. Kullander.
Gender differences in early adolescence in factors related to outcome of healthy behaviours two years later.
Acta Paediatr, 88 (1999), pp. 1125-1130
[31.]
J.R. Villalbí, M. Nebot, M. Ballestín.
Los adolescentes ante las sustancias adictivas: tabaco, alcohol y drogas no institucionalizadas.
Med Clin (Barc), 104 (1995), pp. 784-788
[32.]
E. Regidor, G. Barrio, L. De la Fuente, A. Domingo, C. Rodríguez, J. Alonso.
Association between educational level and health related quality of life in Spanish adults.
J Epidemiol Community Health, 53 (1999), pp. 75-82
[33.]
H. Sweeting, P. West.
Family life and health in adolescence: a role of culture in the health inequalities debate.
Soc Sci Med, 40 (1995), pp. 163-175
[34.]
C. Jenkinson, R. Layte, A. Coulter, L. Wright.
Evidence for the sensitivity of the SF-36 health status measure to inequalities in health: results from the Oxford healthy lifestyles survey.
J Epidemiol Community Health, 50 (1996), pp. 377-380
[35.]
P. West.
Health inequalities in the early years: is there equilisation in youth?.
Soc Sci Med, 44 (1997), pp. 833-858
[36.]
M.M. Bergman, J. Scott.
Young adolescents' wellbeing and health-risk behaviours: gender and socioeconomic differences.
J Adolesc, 24 (2001), pp. 183-197
[37.]
B. Starfield, A.W. Riley, W.P. Witt, J. Robertson.
Social class gradients in health during adolescence.
J Epidemiol Community Health, 56 (2002), pp. 354-361
[38.]
E. Goodman, C. Benjamin, C. Amick, M.O. Rezendes, A.R. Tarlov, W.H. Rogers, et al.
Influences of gender and social class on adolescent's perception of health.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 151 (1997), pp. 899-904
[39.]
L. Morales, S.P. Reise, R.D. Hays.
Evaluating the equivalence of health care ratings by whites and hispanics.
Med Care, 38 (2000), pp. 517-527
[40.]
M. Lara, C. Sherbourne, N. Duan, L. Morales, P. Gergen, R. Brook.
An English and Spanish Pediatric Asthma Symptom Scale.
Med Care, 38 (2000), pp. 354-360
[41.]
A.W. Riley, S.K. Harris, M.E. Ensminger, S. Ryan, C. Alexander, B. Green, et al.
Behaviour and injury in urban and rural adolescents.
Injury Prevention, 2 (1996), pp. 266-273
[42.]
C.B. Forrest, B. Starfield, A.W. Riley, M. Kang.
The impact of asthma on the health status of adolescents.
Pediatrics, 99 (1997), pp. E1
[43.]
B. Starfield, C.B. Forrest, A.R. Sheryl, A.W. Riley, M.E. Ensminger, B.F. Green.
Health status of well vs ill adolescents.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 150 (1996), pp. 1249-1255
[44.]
A.W. Riley, M.E. Ensminger, B. Green, M. Kang.
Social role functioning by adolescents with psychiatric disorders.
J Am Acad Adolesc Psychiatry, 37 (1998), pp. 620-628
[45.]
C.B. Forrest, E. Tambor, A.W. Riley, M.E. Ensminger, B. Starfield.
The health profiles of incarcerated male youths.
Pediatrics, 105 (2000), pp. 286-291
Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
Download PDF
Idiomas
Gaceta Sanitaria
Article options
Tools
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?