Journal Information
Vol. 11. Issue 4.
Pages 164-170 (July - August 1997)
Vol. 11. Issue 4.
Pages 164-170 (July - August 1997)
Open Access
Influencia de variables atmosféricas sobre la mortalidad por enfermedades respiratorias y cardiovasculares en los mayores de 65 años de la Comunidad de Madrid
The influence of environmental variables on mortality due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases among the elderly in the Madrid region, Spain
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J.C. Montero Rubio, I.J. Mirón Pérez, J. Díaz Jiménez*, J.C. Alberdi Odriozola
Centro Universitario de Salud Pública de Madrid. Madrid
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Resumen
Objetivo

Investigar la influencia de las variables ambientales sobre la mortalidad diaria en mayores de 65 años por enfermedades respiratorias y cardiovasculares en la C.M. de 1986 a 1991.

Metodología

Se correlacionan variables ambientales y mortalidad distinguiendo entre los efectos del frío y del calor, controlando la posible coincidencia de modelos entre temperatura y mortalidad mediante modelos Box-Jenkins. La mortalidad filtrada se correlaciona con las temperaturas medias diarias con 0-15 desfases.

Resultados

El mínimo de mortalidad diaria se produce con una temperatura media de 23,9° C. Existe correlación (p < 0,001) entre la temperatura fría y todas las causas de mortalidad en los 15 retrasos analizados. Con temperatura cálida, aparece correlación (p < 0,01) con enfermedades cardiovasculares y, dentro de éstas, con accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACVA) en mujeres, para 0-3 retrasos.

Conclusiones

Las temperaturas frías incrementan la mortalidad para todas las causas y retrasos analizados. El calor produce efectos inmediatos sobre la mortalidad por ACVA en las mujeres.

Palabras clave:
Mortalidad
Temperaturas
Modelos esto-cásticos
Retardos
Ancianos
Summary
Objective

To investigate the influence of environmental variables on daily mortality, due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, in the C.M. from 1986 to 1991.

Methodology

The environmental and mortality variables are correlated between cold and heat effects, checking the possible coincidence of models between temperature and mortality by Box-Jenkins models. The filtered mortality is correlated to the daily average temperatures, for 0-15 lags.

Results

The minimum daily mortality is produced in an average temperature of 23.9°. There exists a correlation (p < 0.001) between cold temperature and all the mortality causes in the 15 analized lags. A correlation (p < 0.01) to vascular diseases appears with hot temperature and, among them, with cerebrovascular accidents (ACVA) in women for 0-3 lags.

Conclusions

Cold temperatures increase the mortality for all the analized lags and causes. The heat produces immediate effects on the mortality by ACVA in women.

Key words:
Mortality
Temperatures
Estocastics models
Lags
Elderly
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