Journal Information
Vol. 11. Issue 1.
Pages 3-8 (January - February 1997)
Vol. 11. Issue 1.
Pages 3-8 (January - February 1997)
Open Access
Estimación del uso del cinturón de seguridad mediante un estudio de observación y una encuesta telefónica
Estimation of safety-belt use with an observational and a telephone survey
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P. Godoy*, J. Castell, E. Peiró, D. Herrera, C. Ibáñez, J. Rullán
Programa de Epidemiología Aplicada de Campo (PEAC). Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo
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Abstract
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Resumen
Objetivo

Estimar la prevalencia de usuarios del cinturón de seguridad mediante una encuesta telefónica y un estudio de observación.

Población y métodos

Observación directa. Observadores entrenados previamente, estudiaron 4.067 usuarios de turismos particulares, en 10 intersecciones de Madrid, siguiendo las recomendaciones de la «National Highway Traffic Safety Administration».

Encuesta telefónica

Se estudiaron 433 usuarios de turismos particulares seleccionados a partir de la guía telefónica. El cuestionario fue cumplimentado por entrevistadores entrenados.

Resultados

La observación directa registró una prevalencia de 58,5%, siendo superior en las intersecciones de tráfico interurbano (OR = 2,1). En la encuesta telefónica, la prevalencia fue del 94% en el ámbito interurbano y del 64% en el urbano y se asoció con no haber sido sancionado y tener una opinión positiva sobre su utilidad.

Conclusiones

La prevalencia observada es baja especialmente en el ámbito urbano. La encuesta telefónica sobreestima el uso del cinturón, pero aporta información útil para la planificación.

Palabras clave:
Cinturón de seguridad
Prevalencia
Encuesta telefónica
Summary
Objective

To estimate the prevalence of safety-belt use in a telephone survey and an observational survey.

Patients and methods

Observational survey. Trained interviewers studied 4,067 front-seat occupants, at ten intersections of Madrid, according to «National Highway Traffic Safety Administration» guidelines.

Telephone survey

We selected 433 front seat occupants from the Madrid city residential telephone directory. The questionnaire was completed by trained interviewers.

Results

Prevalence by the observational survey was 58.5%, and was significantly higher at interurban intersections (OR = 2.1) than city intersections. In the telephone survey, the overall prevalence was 94% at interurban area and 64% at city area and it was associated with no history of fines and positive opinion of effectiveness of safety be|Js.

Conclusions

The safety belt prevalence observed is low, especially in the urban area. The telephone survey overestimates the safety belt use, but contributes with useful Information for planning stragegies.

Key words:
Safety-belt
Prevalence
Telephone survey
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Los cinoo primeros autores han recibido una beca del Fondo de lnvestigacion Sanitaria (Beca de Ampliación de Estudios: BAE11994).

Copyright © 1997. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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