Journal Information
Vol. 15. Issue 5.
Pages 453-460 (August - October 2001)
Vol. 15. Issue 5.
Pages 453-460 (August - October 2001)
Open Access
El informe de la Organización Mundial de la Salud 2000: un juego de ordenador políticamente incorrecto
The World Health Organization Report 2000: a politically incorrect computer game
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J.M. Fernández-Díaz
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jmfer@jet.es

Correspondencia: Dr. J.M. Fernández-Díaz. Foronda, 32. Foronda. 01196 Álava.
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Resumen

El Informe de la Organización Mundial de la Salud 2000 trata de fundamentar el desarrollo de los sistemas de salud en el mundo en la evidencia disponible sobre políticas sanitarias. El informe ha suscitado un importante debate político y académico. Este artículo revisa las aportaciones del informe a la política de salud, y además analiza y comenta las principales críticas publicadas. A través de una recapitulación de la reformas acontecidas en los últimos 15 años en el panorama internacional, la OMS realiza un cambio sustancial en los planteamientos clásicos que ha mantenido, decantándose por los sistemas de salud con financiación universal y conducción gubernamental, donde exista una mayor compartición de riesgo financiero, colaboración público-privada y desregulación de la gestión pública. La OMS realiza al mismo tiempo una baremación de los 191 sistemas de salud de acuerdo con su logro y rendimiento, con una metodología artificial, opaca y débil en el aspecto técnico que ha sido desacreditada internacionalmente. A pesar de las críticas, la OMS ha empeñado su prestigio en continuar esta iniciativa sin cambios sustanciales en sus métodos y orientación, haciendo caso omiso a las críticas recibidas.

Palabras clave:
Política sanitaria
Servicios sanitarios
Salud mundial
Reforma de la atención sanitaria
Economía de la salud y organizaciones sanitarias
Agencias internacionales
Investigación de servicios de salud
Summary

The World Health Organization Report 2000 is aimed at supporting an evidence-based development of health care systems in the world. The report has brought about a significant political and academic debate. This article reviews the contribution of the WHO Report to current health care policy, as well as analyzes and comments the main published critiques. Through a commented compilation of the health care reforms implemented over the last fifteen years in the world, WHO shifts radically its traditional position supporting now universal access to health care and a strong government's conduction role, but within a financial risk sharing environment, public and private co-operation and deregulation of the public management of health care institutions. WHO ranks in this report the 191 countries according to their health care systems' goal attainment and performance using a very weak, obscure and artificial methodology which has been opposed internationally. WHO is, however, committed to continue this initiative without apparently any major changes in the general and methodological approach.

Key words:
Health policy
Health services
World health
Health care reform
Health care Economics and organizations
International agencies
Health services research
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Copyright © 2001. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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