Fatness is a health problem that need to be consider as a risk factor that can increase morbidity and mortality. World Health Organization (WHO) claimed fatness as a global epidemic that causes 2.8 million people died every year on 21st century.1

The global number of prevalence of fatness and overweight have ranges 74–86% in women and 69–77% in men. It indicates a high prevalence of fatness on adult women compared men.2 Meanwhile, the prevalence of Indonesian population who is obese or overweight in adults over 18 years has increase year by year since 2007. Regarding to the results of Riskesdas, the Research and Development Agency of the Ministry of Health in 2018, the prevalence of fatness showed an improvement since three periods of Riskesdas. In 2007, the cases were 10.5%, 2013 increase into 14.8% and in 2018 as much as 21.8%.3

Aceh was placed in second number with high number percentages in fatness after DKI Jakarta, which is 36.4%.3 Based on monitoring data on the nutritional status of Aceh in 2017 showed a large prevalence in the overweight category and fatness as much as 52.4% with the largest proportion in fatness (36.4%) of fatness in the population aged 18–60 years based on the body mass index (BMI) indicator. The largest proportion of fatness was found in Bener Meriah (45.5%) and Sabang City (43.4%), while the lowest categories were found in Pidie (29.6%) and Simeulue District (23.6%). Based on gender between men and women (18–60 years), the population of Aceh who is obese is greater in women, which is 37.3%, while the percentage of men is 12.2%.4

One of the main factors in the cases of fatness in developing countries is globalization, a free economy and urbanization. The movement of population from rural areas to cities that is not accompanied by the ability to work skills creates new problems. In this case, they difficult to find jobs and tend to work odd jobs with irregular daily income. The low income of people in the populated area is a factor for them to choose fast food which is relatively cheaper. Fast food contains low fiber, high in carbohydrate, fat, and sugar. These high calories food if consumed regularly can cause an increase in the incidence of fatness in urban slum communities.5

The development on health sector such as improvements in nutrition, sanitation, medical technology, and improvements in health services has successfully increase venerable people population in Indonesia. The success of this development has led to an increase in the Life Expectancy (UHH) of the Indonesian population. On the other hand, the increase of UHH build another effect. Indonesia will face double burden. Beside the increasing of birth rates and the burden of communicable and non-communicable diseases, Indonesia will also have an increase on the dependency number of the population of the productive age group toward unproductive age group.6

Based on the initial survey conducted by the researcher, it was found that Johan Pahlawan Health Center has 11 integrated health center of venerable people who spread in 11 villages on theirs working area. In 2019, there were 199 venerable people who visited the integrated health center in their village, and 84 of them were obese based on IMT>27. The results of interviews conducted with 5 venerable respondents who were obese, acknowledge that they often consumed snacks such as fried food and fried noodles. Therefore, the researchers are curious to hold a study on the analysis of fatness in venerable people at Johan Pahlawan Health Center, West Aceh.

Quantitative method was carried out through cross-sectional design, in which researchers collected the data at the same time during a period of days, weeks or months.7 The purpose is to analyze the relationship of fatness in venerable people at Johan Pahlawan Health Center, West Aceh District.

The population of this study were venerable people aged 45–59 years old who lived at Johan Pahlawan Health Center's work area consisting 714 people. The research sample was 88 venerable people. The independent variables of this research are energy intake, carbohydrate intake, protein intake, fat intake and physical activity. The dependent variable is the incident of fatness. The data was collected through questionnaire to get the answer based on the question of the researcher.

Based on Table 1, it was found that among 5 variables, there are 3 variables that indicated a significant relationship between protein intake, fat intake, and physical activity with fatness on venerable people with p-value smaller than α=0.005, while the energy intake and carbohydrate intake has p value greater than α=0.005.

• 1.

  The variables of protein intake, fat intake and physical activity have a significant relationship (the p value is smaller than α=0.005) with the incidence of fatness in the venerable.

• 2.

  Variables energy intake and carbohydrate intake did not have a significant relationship with the incidence of fatness in the venerable, which was indicated by the acquisition of p-value greater than α=0.005.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.