Journal Information
Vol. 17. Issue 1.
Pages 27-36 (January - February 2003)
Vol. 17. Issue 1.
Pages 27-36 (January - February 2003)
Open Access
Análisis coste-efectividad del empleo de celecoxib en el tratamiento de la artrosis
Cost-effectiveness analysis of the use of celecoxib for the treatment of osteoarthritis
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A. Morenoa, E. Vargasa, J. Sotob,
Corresponding author
javier.soto.alvarez@pharmacia.com

Correspondencia: Dr. Javier Soto Álvarez. Pharmacia, SA. Avda. de Burgos 17-1.a planta. 28036 Madrid. España.
, J. Rejasc
a Servicio de Farmacología Clínica. Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Madrid. España
b Unidad de Farmacoeconomía e Investigación de Resultados en Salud. Departamento de Medicina. Pharmacia, SA. Madrid. España
c Investigación de Resultados en Salud. Departamento Médico. Pfizer, SA
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Abstract
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Resumen
Antecedentes

Los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINE), utilizados en el tratamiento de la artrosis, pueden producir reacciones adversas gastrointestinales (GI) graves.

Celecoxib, un inhibidor específico de la ciclooxigenasa 2 (COX-2), ha demostrado una eficacia equivalente a los AINE convencionales con un mejor perfil de tolerabilidad y seguridad.

Objetivo

La finalidad de este estudio ha sido realizar un análisis coste-efectividad sobre el uso de celecoxib frente a los AINE clásicos en el tratamiento de la artrosis.

Material y métodos

El análisis coste-efectividad se ha diseñado mediante un modelo farmacoeconómico, definiéndose como unidad de efectividad a cada año de vida ganado tras la toma de celecoxib o AINE. La probabilidad de que aparezcan los diferentes resultados clínicos se ha obtenido de artículos publicados y de asunciones incorporadas.

Sólo se han valorado los costes directos médicos (medicación, hospitalización, pruebas complementarias, analíticas, visitas extras, etc.), sin haberse incluido otros costes.

La perspectiva del estudio ha sido la del Sistema Nacional de Salud y el horizonte temporal elegido ha sido de 6 meses.

Resultados

El coste adicional por cada año de vida ganado secundario al uso de celecoxib frente a los AINE clásicos asciende a 8.017 € (1.333.834 ptas.). El análisis de sensibilidad muestra cómo estos valores son sensibles a la modificación del coste de AINE y gastroprotector, así como a la inclusión de grupos poblacionales con edades más bajas.

Conclusiones

Celecoxib puede ser considerado como una opción coste-efectiva en el tratamiento de la artrosis, ya que va a evitar muertes y a ganar años de vida para los pacientes con un coste adicional razonable y moderado, cuando se compara con los AINE. Su eficiencia aumenta a medida que se utiliza en poblaciones con menor edad media y, probablemente, en aquellas con mayor riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones GI.

Palabras clave:
Artrosis
Celecoxib
AINE convencionales
Análisis coste-efectividad
Eficiencia
Abstract
Background

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, can produce serious gastrointestinal (GI) adverse reactions.

Celecoxib, a specific COX-2 inhibitor, has a proven efficacy equivalent to that of traditional NSAIDs with an improved tolerance and safety profile.

Objective

The objective of this study was to perform a costeffectiveness analysis on the use of celecoxib versus traditional NSAIDs in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Material and Methods

This cost-effectiveness analysis was designed through a pharmacoeconomic model; each effectiveness unit was defined as each year of life gained after the ingestion of celecoxib or NSAIDs. The probability of different clinical results appearing was obtained from published articles and incorporated assumptions.

Only direct medical costs were evaluated (medication, hospitalization, additional tests, analyses, extra visits, etc.) and other costs were excluded.

The study perspective was the national health system and the time horizon chosen was 6 months.

Results

The additional cost for each year of life gained through the use of celecoxib compared with that of traditional NSAIDs amounted to 8017 € (1,333,834 ptas). Sensitivity analysis demonstrated how these values were sensitive to changes in the costs of NSAIDs and gastroprotective agents as well as to the inclusion of younger population groups.

Conclusion

Celecoxib can be considered as a cost-effective option in the treatment of osteoarthritis because its use prevents deaths and increases survival rate and the additional cost is reasonable and moderate compared with that of NSAIDs. Its efficiency increases in proportion to its use in younger patients and probably in those at high risk for developing GI complications.

Key words:
Osteoarthritis
Celecoxib
Traditional NSAIDs
Cost effectiveness analysis
Efficiency
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