Respuestas rápidas

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Políticas de salud pública. Políticas frente a los riesgos cotidianos" "titulo" => "Amenazas para la salud y crisis sanitarias. Aproximación a la alerta y respuesta. Informe SESPAS 2008" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "65" "paginaFinal" => "70" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Health threats and health system crises. An approach to early warning and response" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Fernando Simón Soria, Francisco Javier Guillén Enríquez" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Fernando" "apellidos" => "Simón Soria" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Francisco Javier" "apellidos" => "Guillén Enríquez" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S021391110876076X?idApp=WGSE" "url" => "/02139111/00000022000000S1/v1_201301221349/S021391110876076X/v1_201301221349/es/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0213911108760746" "issn" => "02139111" "doi" => "10.1016/S0213-9111(08)76074-6" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2008-04-01" "aid" => "76074" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Gac Sanit. 2008;22 Supl 1:43-52" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2140 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 133 "HTML" => 1459 "PDF" => 548 ] ] "es" => array:11 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Capítulo 2. Políticas de salud pública" "titulo" => "El gasto sanitario en el contexto del gasto social. Un análisis generacional de las tendencias en España en un contexto de envejecimiento demográfico. Informe SESPAS 2008" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "43" "paginaFinal" => "52" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Health expenditure in the context of social expenditure. A generational analysis of tendencies in Spain in the context of demographic aging" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Guillem López Casasnovas, Ana Mosterín Höpping" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Guillem" "apellidos" => "López Casasnovas" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ana" "apellidos" => "Mosterín Höpping" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911108760746?idApp=WGSE" "url" => "/02139111/00000022000000S1/v1_201301221349/S0213911108760746/v1_201301221349/es/main.assets" ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "Capítulo 2. Políticas de salud pública. Políticas Frente a los riesgos cotidianos" "titulo" => "Transporte, medio ambiente y salud. Informe SESPAS 2008" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "53" "paginaFinal" => "64" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Ferran Ballester, Rosanna Peiró" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Ferran" "apellidos" => "Ballester" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "ballester_fer@gva.es" ] "referencia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "¿" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Rosanna" "apellidos" => "Peiró" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Escola Valenciana d’Estudis en Salut (EVES), Conselleria de Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, España" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de, Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Sanidad, Madrid, España" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de Salud Pública de Alzira, DGSP, Conselleria de Sanitat, Generalitat Valenciana, Valencia, España" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia: Ferran Ballester. Escola Valenciana d’Estudis en Salut (EVES). Conselleria de Sanitat. Generalitat Valenciana." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Transport, environment and health" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec13637" "palabras" => array:8 [ 0 => "Salud" 1 => "Medio ambiente" 2 => "Transporte" 3 => "Accidentes de tráfico" 4 => "Contaminación atmosférica" 5 => "Ruido" 6 => "Cambio climático" 7 => "Políticas públicas" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec13638" "palabras" => array:8 [ 0 => "Health" 1 => "Environment" 2 => "Transport" 3 => "Traffic injuries" 4 => "Air pollution" 5 => "Noise" 6 => "Climate change" 7 => "Public policies" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "El transporte a motor se ha incrementado de manera exponencial en los últimos años. La organización de la sociedad requiere en gran medida la movilidad como un elemento esencial, pero, hasta hace poco tiempo, no se habían considerado las implicaciones para la salud y el medio ambiente de las formas de desplazamiento elegidas. En este capítulo se revisa el impacto negativo en salud que el tipo de transporte actual tiene en términos de lesiones de tráfico, el cambio climático, la contaminación atmosférica, el ruido, y las interferencias para las actividades cotidianas y la actividad física, como la dificultad para andar o ir en bicicleta. Se proponen algunas intervenciones posibles relacionadas con los instrumentos disponibles en salud pública y otras áreas, y se destacan aspectos donde se necesita más investigación. Se describen algunos ejemplos en España y en otros países. Se hacen recomendaciones acerca de la necesidad de reducir el uso del coche privado, desarrollar vías segmentadas y espacios de tráfico tranquilo conectados en las ciudades y entre pueblos cercanos para promocionar el desplazamiento andando o en bicicleta. Se plantea que el desarrollo y el mantenimiento de un sistema de transporte público que sea más rápido, seguro, barato y menos contaminante que el transporte privado debería ser una meta importante en las políticas públicas actuales. Estas acciones ayudarán a conseguir un cambio en los modos de transporte de la sociedad y, consecuentemente, una población más sana y un ambiente más sostenible." ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "Motor road transport has increased exponentially in the last few years. To a large extent, mobility is an essential element in the organization of society, but, until recently, the implications of chosen forms of transport for health and the environment have not been considered.In this chapter we review the negative impact of current forms of transport on health in terms of traffic injuries, climate change, atmospheric contamination, noise, and interference with daily activities and exercise, such as impediments to walking or cycling. Some possible interventions related to the instruments available in public health and other fields are proposed. Issues deserving further research are highlighted. Some examples in Spain and other countries are described. Recommendations are made on the need to reduce the use of private cars and to develop segmented routes and areas of quiet traffic connected in the cities and among nearby towns to promote walking are cycling. One major goal in current public policies should be to develop and maintain a public transport system that is safe, cheap and faster and less polluting than private transport. These interventions would help to achieve a change in current modes of transport and would lead to a healthier population and a more sustainable environment." ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:65 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Ministerio de Medio Ambiente. Perfil Ambiental de España 2005. Informe basado en indicadores [citado 12 May 2007]. 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            2 => "Transporte"
            3 => "Accidentes de tr&#225;fico"
            4 => "Contaminaci&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica"
            5 => "Ruido"
            6 => "Cambio clim&#225;tico"
            7 => "Pol&#237;ticas p&#250;blicas"
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          "titulo" => "Key words"
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            0 => "Health"
            1 => "Environment"
            2 => "Transport"
            3 => "Traffic injuries"
            4 => "Air pollution"
            5 => "Noise"
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        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El transporte a motor se ha incrementado de manera exponencial en los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os&#46; La organizaci&#243;n de la sociedad requiere en gran medida la movilidad como un elemento esencial&#44; pero&#44; hasta hace poco tiempo&#44; no se hab&#237;an considerado las implicaciones para la salud y el medio ambiente de las formas de desplazamiento elegidas&#46; En este cap&#237;tulo se revisa el impacto negativo en salud que el tipo de transporte actual tiene en t&#233;rminos de lesiones de tr&#225;fico&#44; el cambio clim&#225;tico&#44; la contaminaci&#243;n atmosf&#233;rica&#44; el ruido&#44; y las interferencias para las actividades cotidianas y la actividad f&#237;sica&#44; como la dificultad para andar o ir en bicicleta&#46; Se proponen algunas intervenciones posibles relacionadas con los instrumentos disponibles en salud p&#250;blica y otras &#225;reas&#44; y se destacan aspectos donde se necesita m&#225;s investigaci&#243;n&#46; Se describen algunos ejemplos en Espa&#241;a y en otros pa&#237;ses&#46; Se hacen recomendaciones acerca de la necesidad de reducir el uso del coche privado&#44; desarrollar v&#237;as segmentadas y espacios de tr&#225;fico tranquilo conectados en las ciudades y entre pueblos cercanos para promocionar el desplazamiento andando o en bicicleta&#46; Se plantea que el desarrollo y el mantenimiento de un sistema de transporte p&#250;blico que sea m&#225;s r&#225;pido&#44; seguro&#44; barato y menos contaminante que el transporte privado deber&#237;a ser una meta importante en las pol&#237;ticas p&#250;blicas actuales&#46; Estas acciones ayudar&#225;n a conseguir un cambio en los modos de transporte de la sociedad y&#44; consecuentemente&#44; una poblaci&#243;n m&#225;s sana y un ambiente m&#225;s sostenible&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Motor road transport has increased exponentially in the last few years&#46; To a large extent&#44; mobility is an essential element in the organization of society&#44; but&#44; until recently&#44; the implications of chosen forms of transport for health and the environment have not been considered&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In this chapter we review the negative impact of current forms of transport on health in terms of traffic injuries&#44; climate change&#44; atmospheric contamination&#44; noise&#44; and interference with daily activities and exercise&#44; such as impediments to walking or cycling&#46; Some possible interventions related to the instruments available in public health and other fields are proposed&#46; Issues deserving further research are highlighted&#46; Some examples in Spain and other countries are described&#46; Recommendations are made on the need to reduce the use of private cars and to develop segmented routes and areas of quiet traffic connected in the cities and among nearby towns to promote walking are cycling&#46; One major goal in current public policies should be to develop and maintain a public transport system that is safe&#44; cheap and faster and less polluting than private transport&#46; These interventions would help to achieve a change in current modes of transport and would lead to a healthier population and a more sustainable environment&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
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                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Ministerio de Medio Ambiente&#46; Perfil Ambiental de Espa&#241;a 2005&#46; Informe basado en indicadores &#91;citado 12 May 2007&#93;&#46; Disponible en&#58; <a class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.mma.es/portal/secciones/calidad_contaminacion/indicadores_ambientales/perfil_ambiental_2005/index.htm">http&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;mma&#46;es&#47;portal&#47;secciones&#47;calidad&#95;contaminacion&#47;indicadores&#95;ambientales&#47;perfil&#95;ambiental&#95;2005&#47;index&#46;htm</a>"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Transport-related Health effects with a Particular Focus on Children"
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                          "colaboracion" => "The PEP &#40;Transport&#44; health and Environment Pan-European Programme&#41;"
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                  ]
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                      "Libro" => array:3 [
                        "fecha" => "2004"
                        "editorial" => "Austrian Federeal Ministry of Agriculture&#44; Forestry&#44; Environment and Water Management"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "Vienna"
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                  ]
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                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Centro de Investigaciones Sociol&#243;gicas&#46; Encuesta de Ecolog&#237;a y Medio Ambiente&#46; Madrid&#58; CIS&#59; 2005&#46;"
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                      "titulo" => "Lesiones por tr&#225;fico&#44; de ocio y dom&#233;sticas y laborales&#46; Descripci&#243;n de la situaci&#243;n en Espa&#241;a&#46; Informe SESPAS 2006"
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                          "autores" => array:6 [
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                            1 => "M&#46; Segu&#237;-G&#243;mez"
                            2 => "C&#46; P&#233;rez"
                            3 => "A&#46; L&#243;pez"
                            4 => "M&#46; Miralles"
                            5 => "F&#46; Garc&#237;a Benavides"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:8 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Gac Sanit"
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                        "numero" => "Supl 1"
                        "paginaInicial" => "32"
                        "paginaFinal" => "40"
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                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Accidentes de circulaci&#243;n con v&#237;ctimas&#46; Estad&#237;sticas de tr&#225;fico&#46; Direcci&#243;n General de tr&#225;fico &#91;citado 25 Abr 2007&#93;&#46; Disponible en&#58; <a class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.dgt.es/estadisticas/estadisticas03.htm">http&#58;&#47;&#47;www&#46;dgt&#46;es&#47;estadisticas&#47;estadisticas03&#46;htm</a>"
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                  "referenciaCompleta" => "P&#233;rez C&#44; Cirera E&#59; Grupo de trabajo sobre la medida del impacto sobre la salud de los accidentes de tr&#225;fico en Espa&#241;a&#46; Estudio de la mortalidad a 30 d&#237;as por accidentes de tr&#225;fico &#40;EMAT-30&#41;&#46; Madrid&#58; Direcci&#243;n General de Salud P&#250;blica&#46; Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo&#59; 2004&#46;"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Options for the prevention of motor vehicles crash injury"
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                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "W&#46; Haddon"
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                      "Revista" => array:6 [
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                      "LibroEditado" => array:2 [
                        "titulo" => "World Report on Road Traffic Injury Prevention"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Preventing Road Traffic injury&#58; a public health perspective for Europe&#46; World Health Organization"
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                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "F&#46; Racciopi"
                            1 => "L&#46; Eriksson"
                            2 => "C&#46; Tingvall"
                            3 => "A&#46; Villaveces"
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                  ]
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                        "editorial" => "Regional Office for Europe"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "Denmark"
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                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Rapid apraisal methodology for &#171;health for all&#187; policy formulation analysis"
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                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Peir&#243;"
                            1 => "C&#46; &#193;lvarez-Dardet"
                            2 => "A&#46; Plas&#232;ncia"
                            3 => "C&#46; Borrell"
                            4 => "C&#46; Colomer"
                            5 => "C&#46; Moya"
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                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
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                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Health Policy"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "62"
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                        "paginaFinal" => "328"
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                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12385853"
                            "web" => "Medline"
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                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Impact of a helmet law on two wheel motor vehicle crash mortality in a southern European urban area"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "J&#46; Ferrando"
                            1 => "A&#46; Plas&#232;ncia"
                            2 => "M&#46; Oros"
                            3 => "C&#46; Borrell"
                            4 => "J&#46;F&#46; Cruz"
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                      ]
                    ]
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                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Injury Prevention"
                        "fecha" => "2000"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "148"
                        "paginaFinal" => "158"
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                0 => array:2 [
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Evaluaci&#243;n de pol&#237;ticas regulatorias&#58; prevenci&#243;n de las lesiones por accidente de tr&#225;fico"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "J&#46;R&#46; Villalb&#237;"
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                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
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                        "numero" => "Supl 1"
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                      "titulo" => "Reducing motor vehicle crash deaths and injuries in newly motorising countries"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "B&#46; O&#8217;Neil"
                            1 => "D&#46; Mohan"
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                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
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            ]
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              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
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                      "titulo" => "Air pollution&#44; the automobile and public health"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "colaboracion" => "Health Effects Institute &#40;HEI&#41;"
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                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Libro" => array:3 [
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "editorial" => "National Academic Press"
                        "editorialLocalizacion" => "Washington DC"
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                  ]
                ]
              ]
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              "etiqueta" => "17&#46;"
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                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Mage DT&#44; Zali O&#44; editors&#46; Motor vehicle air pollution&#46; Public Health impact and control measures&#46; Geneva&#58; WHO&#59; 1992&#46;"
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            17 => array:3 [
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
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                            0 => "H&#46; Peace"
                            1 => "J&#46; Maughan"
                            2 => "B&#46; Owen"
                            3 => "D&#46; Raper"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
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                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Environmental Modelling Software"
                        "fecha" => "2006"
                        "volumen" => "21"
                        "paginaInicial" => "532"
                        "paginaFinal" => "538"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
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                            0 => "J&#46;J&#46; Winebrake"
                            1 => "J&#46;J&#46; Corbett"
                            2 => "P&#46;E&#46; Meyer"
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                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
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                    0 => array:1 [
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                        "fecha" => "2007"
                        "volumen" => "57"
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                      "titulo" => "Contribution of traffic to leveles of ambient air pollution in Europe"
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                            0 => "M&#46; Keuken"
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                      ]
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                  ]
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
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                        "titulo" => "Health effects of transport-related air pollution"
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