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"resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Describir la prevalencia de la utilización de medicamentos según factores sociodemográficos y estado de salud autopercibido en la población adulta.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Métodos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Examen de salud transversal del estudio CRONICAT/ MONICA-Cataluña realizado en 1994–1996 en una muestra aleatoria de la población general de 25 a 64 años. Se interrogó a 3.421 participantes (tasa de respuesta del 72%) con cuestionario abierto sobre los medicamentos consumidos durante las dos semanas previas y otros hábitos de salud. Los medicamentos se codificaron posteriormente según la clasificación ATC (versión 1993).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Mayor proporción de mujeres (38%) que de varones (26%) autopercibió peor estado de salud (p < 0,001). El consumo total de medicamentos ajustado por edad fue: varones, del 57% (intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 55–59), y en mujeres, del 76% (IC del 95%, 74–78). Excluyendo los anticonceptivos, el consumo regular fue: varones, del 35% (IC del 95%, 33–37), y en mujeres, del 48% (IC del 95%, 46–51). Tomaron más de un medicamento el 29% de los varones y el 48% de las mujeres (p < 0,001). Ni el nivel educativo ni el estado civil influyeron en la toma de medicamentos. Mayor proporción de jubilados o pensionistas consumieron medicamentos (68%; IC del 95%, 62–74) que los trabajadores activos (54%; IC del 95%, 52–57) sólo en los varones. Los medicamentos más consumidos fueron para el sistema nervioso (35% en varones; 51% en mujeres; p < 0,001); digestivo (15%) y cardiovascular (9% en varones; 13% en mujeres; p < 0,001). La mayoría de la medicación consumida fue prescrita por el especialista (40%) y una cuarta parte fue autoprescrita.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La prevalencia del consumo total de medicamentos en la población adulta de Cataluña es alta, especialmente entre las mujeres, quienes autoperciben peor salud. Las políticas de racionalización del gasto farmacéutico deberían considerar el patrón epidemiológico.</p>"
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"resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To describe the prevalence of drug utilization according to sociodemographic factors and self-perceived health in the adult population.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cross-sectional health survey of the CRONICAT/MONICA-Catalonia study carried out in 1994–96 in a random sample of the general population aged 25–64 years. A total of 3,421 participants (72% response rate) were interviewed about drug consumption in the previous two weeks with an open questionnaire. The participants were also asked about other health habits. Drugs were subsequently classified according to the ATC classification (1993 version).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A higher proportion of women (38%) than men (26%) self-perceived poor health status (p < 0.001). Age-adjusted total drug utilization was 57% in men (95%CI: 55–59) and 76% in women (95%CI: 74–78). Excluding contraceptives, regular drug utilization was 35% in men (95%CI: 33–37) and 48% in women (95%CI: 46–51). Twenty-nine percent of men and 48% of women (p < 0.001) took more than one drug. Neither educational level nor marital status influenced drug utilization. Among men, drug consumption was higher in retired individuals and pensioners (68%; 95%CI: 62–74) than in active workers (54%; 95%CI: 52–57). The most frequently used drugs were those for the nervous system (35% men and 51% women; p < 0.001), alimentary tract (15%) and the cardiovascular system (9% and 13%; p < 0.001). Most drugs (40%) were prescribed by specialists and one quarter was self-prescribed.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence of total drug utilization in the adult population of Catalonia is high, specially among women, who self-perceived worse health status. Policies of rationalization of drug expenditures should take the epidemiological pattern into account.</p>"
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