Información del artículo
Resum
La utilització de serveis san ¡taris ha estât relacionada ambdiversosfactors sòcio-demogràfics.com l’edat, el sexe o el nivell sòcio-econòmic; amb restructura organizativa de l’atenció sanitària, ambelfinançament i amb l’estat de salut deis individus. En aquest article es revisen els principáis résultats deis estudis d'utilització, centrats básicament en l’atenció primaria. El principal factor relacionat amb la utilització deis serveis sanitaris és la necessitai de rebre assistència mesurada segons el nivell de salut de cada individu, la restadefactorstenen unapapermenorquans'analitzen conjuntament. Quan el motiu de consulta es preventiu, les variables relacionades amb el nivell de salut no tenen tanta capacitat explicativa. Es comenten breument les limitacions metodológiques deis estudis i els problèmes relatius a l’equitat en la utilització de serveis.
Palabras clave:
Utilització de serveissanitaris
Atenció Primària de Salut
Investigació de serveis sanitaris
Resumen
La utilización de los servicios sanitarios se ha relacionado con diversos factores socio-demográficos como la edad, el sexo o el nivel socio-económico; con la estructura organizativa de la atención sanitaria, con la financiación y con el estado de salud de los individuos. En este artículo se revisan los principales resultados de los estudios de utilización, centrados básicamente en la atención primaria. El principal factor relacionado con la utilización de los servicios sanitarios es la necesidad de recibir asistencia sanitaria medida según el nivel de salud de cada individuo, el resto de los factores tienen un papel menor cu ando se analizan conjuntamente. Cuando el motivo de consulta es preventivo las variables relacionadas con el nivel de salud no tienen tanta capacidad explicativa. Se comentan brevemente las limitaciones metodológicas de los estudios y los problemas relativos a la equidad en la utilización de los servicios sanitarios.
Palabras clave:
Utilización de servicios sanitarios
Atención primaria de salud
Investigación de servicios sanitarios
Summary
Health services utilization has been associated to several socio-demographic factors, as age, gender, or socio-economic status. It has also been associated to the organizational structure and finance of health care, and to health status of the individuals.
In the present article main results of studies of health services utilization, are reviewed, with special emphasis on primary health care.
The main factor associated with health services utilization is health services need as measured by individual’s health status. The rest of variables have a minor role when jointly analyzed. When utilization of services is caused for a preventive visit, variables related with health status are less explicative. Methodological limitations of these studies and problems when analyzing equity in utilization of health services are also discussed.
Keywords:
Health Services Utilization
Primary Health Care
Health Services Research
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