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definiendo cinco dimensiones&#58; congruencia entre logros deseados y obtenidos&#44; entusiasmo&#44; tono emocional&#44; autoconcepto&#44; y resoluci&#243;n y fortaleza&#46; Posteriormente Diener et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> definieron el concepto de satisfacci&#243;n vital incluyendo solamente el juicio cognitivo que las personas hacen en torno a sus propias vidas&#44; y desestimaron la medici&#243;n del entusiasmo y la apat&#237;a &#40;evaluaciones afectivas&#41; como parte del constructo de satisfacci&#243;n vital&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La inclusi&#243;n de distintas dimensiones del bienestar psicol&#243;gico y su asociaci&#243;n con otros aspectos de la salud se ha estudiado desde hace algunas d&#233;cadas&#44; con interesantes resultados&#46; Diversos estudios prospectivos han encontrado una asociaci&#243;n entre la satisfacci&#243;n con la vida y la salud autorreportada&#44; los comportamientos de salud y el apoyo social<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#44;10</span></a>&#46; En otros estudios ha llegado a ser considerada como un predictor de morbilidad psiqui&#225;trica e incluso de mortalidad en adultos y personas de edad avanzada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;12</span></a>&#46; Tambi&#233;n hay antecedentes que indican que el nivel socioecon&#243;mico y la autopercepci&#243;n del estado de salud se asocian directamente con la calidad de vida y la satisfacci&#243;n vital en los adultos mayores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>&#44; y que estos resultados se dan diferenciadamente entre hombres y mujeres<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#46; En Latinoam&#233;rica la evidencia es menor&#44; pero tambi&#233;n hay estudios que han observado resultados similares<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La direcci&#243;n de las relaciones estudiadas es otro aspecto importante a mencionar&#46; Algunos trabajos han analizado la satisfacci&#243;n vital como causa de diferentes variables de salud&#44; y otros la han estudiado como una consecuencia de estas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;12&#44;16&#8211;18</span></a>&#46; Esto significa que la relaci&#243;n entre dichas variables puede ser entendida como bidireccional en algunos escenarios o como dependientes del tiempo en otros&#44; ya que existen hip&#243;tesis plausibles que explicar&#237;an ambas situaciones&#46; Cualquiera que sea el escenario&#44; es importante entender el concepto de satisfacci&#243;n vital m&#225;s all&#225; de la realizaci&#243;n de logros en el pasado&#44; sino tambi&#233;n como estados ps&#237;quicos presentes &#40;como entusiasmo o tono emocional&#41; que forman parte de un concepto m&#225;s amplio de bienestar psicol&#243;gico&#46; Los posibles mecanismos y v&#237;as causales que explicar&#237;an la relaci&#243;n entre la satisfacci&#243;n vital y el estado de salud se han discutido previamente en la literatura<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">18&#8211;22</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El v&#237;nculo entre el nivel socioecon&#243;mico&#44; 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El estudio CENEX incluy&#243; adultos mayores j&#243;venes&#44; usuarios del Fondo Nacional de Salud &#40;FONASA&#41;&#44; autovalentes y sin deterioro cognitivo &#40;Mini-Mental State Examination corto &#8805;13&#41;&#44; sospecha de c&#225;ncer ni enfermedad terminal&#46; La muestra se obtuvo a partir de los registros de 20 centros de salud primaria de Santiago seleccionados entre los 21 consultorios que cumpl&#237;an con los requisitos del estudio y aceptaron participar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a>&#46; Los participantes en el estudio&#44; 100 por centro de salud&#44; se seleccionaron aleatoriamente entre los individuos registrados que cumplieran con los criterios de inclusi&#243;n y exclusi&#243;n&#44; por lo que la totalidad de las personas incluidas en el estudio pertenec&#237;an al sistema p&#250;blico de salud&#46; El estudio fue aprobado por los comit&#233;s de &#233;tica del INTA y de la LSHTM&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La medici&#243;n basal analizada en el presente trabajo incluy&#243; datos recolectados entre noviembre de 2005 y junio de 2006<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26</span></a>&#44; correspondientes a una muestra de 2002 sujetos de 65 a 67&#44;9 a&#241;os de edad&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Variables e instrumentos</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">1&#41; Cuestionarios</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los cuestionarios fueron aplicados por entrevistadores entrenados y estandarizados en centros de salud o centros comunitarios&#46;</p><p id="par0170" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">2&#41; Variable dependiente</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La satisfacci&#243;n vital se evalu&#243; mediante una adaptaci&#243;n abreviada del LSI de Neugarten et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> validada en Chile<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>&#44; que incluy&#243; cuatro sentencias m&#225;s una pregunta introductoria sobre la autopercepci&#243;n de la edad &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl1">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46; El puntaje de la escala abreviada iba de 0 &#40;m&#237;nima satisfacci&#243;n&#41; a 11 &#40;m&#225;xima satisfacci&#243;n&#41;&#46; Las dimensiones que subyacen a las cinco preguntas realizadas abarcan tres de las cinco dimensiones incluidas en el LSI&#58; congruencia entre logros deseados y obtenidos &#40;2 y 3&#41;&#44; entusiasmo &#40;5&#41; y autoconcepto &#40;1 y 4&#41;&#46; La consistencia interna &#40;&#945; de Cronbach&#41; de la escala en la muestra total de este estudio fue de 0&#44;64&#44; y la correlaci&#243;n &#237;tem-test &#40;correlaci&#243;n polic&#243;rica&#41; vari&#243; entre 0&#44;71 y 0&#44;89&#46; Las correlaciones de Spearman entre la escala abreviada de satisfacci&#243;n vital y las dimensiones de vitalidad y de salud mental del cuestionario de calidad de vida SF-36 fueron r &#61; 0&#44;43 &#40;p &#60;0&#44;001&#41; y r &#61; 0&#44;42 &#40;p &#60;0&#44;001&#41;&#44; respectivamente&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl1"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0175" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">3&#41; Variables independientes</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El nivel de educaci&#243;n se determin&#243; seg&#250;n los a&#241;os de escolaridad de cada individuo&#44; y se agrup&#243; en tres categor&#237;as&#58; 0-3&#44; 4-8 y m&#225;s de 8 a&#241;os&#46; Estas categor&#237;as son las mismas que las utilizadas en uno de los trabajos de la Encuesta de Salud&#44; Bienestar y Envejecimiento &#40;SABE&#41; del a&#241;o 1999-2000<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a>&#44; salvo por el corte en la categor&#237;a de mayor educaci&#243;n&#44; establecido en 7 o m&#225;s en la SABE&#46; Los ingresos econ&#243;micos se evaluaron considerando los ingresos totales del hogar&#44; utilizando una tarjeta con cinco tramos de ingresos&#58; &#60;158&#46;699&#44; entre 158&#46;699 y 289&#46;284&#44; entre 289&#46;284 y 413&#46;478&#44; entre 413&#46;478 y 654&#46;993&#44; y &#62;654&#46;993 pesos chilenos mensuales &#40;CH&#36;500 &#61; US&#36;1 aprox&#46;&#41;&#44; correspondientes a los quintiles de ingresos aut&#243;nomos totales del hogar seg&#250;n la clasificaci&#243;n socioecon&#243;mica de la Encuesta de Caracterizaci&#243;n Socioecon&#243;mica Nacional &#40;CASEN&#41; del a&#241;o 2003<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27</span></a>&#46; El apoyo social se defini&#243; como la autopercepci&#243;n general de apoyo ante situaciones de necesidad del entrevistado&#40;a&#41;&#44; y se evalu&#243; con la pregunta &#171;Si requiere alg&#250;n tipo de ayuda material&#44; compa&#241;&#237;a o consejo&#44; &#191;siente que tiene a alguien a quien pueda recurrir&#63;&#187;&#44; con una escala de respuesta binaria&#46; Esta definici&#243;n de apoyo social se ha utilizado en otros estudios como aproximaci&#243;n a un concepto m&#225;s amplio de apoyo social<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&#46; El autorreporte de salud se defini&#243; como la autopercepci&#243;n del estado de salud general&#44; con cinco respuestas posibles&#58; excelente&#44; muy buena&#44; buena&#44; m&#225;s o menos&#44; mala&#59; estas se reagruparon en dos categor&#237;as siguiendo el mismo esquema de otros estudios que han evaluado la salud autorreportada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0145"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> y con el fin de identificar a las personas que dicen tener buena salud y a las que declaran una salud no buena &#40;m&#225;s o menos&#47;mala&#41;&#46; El estado de memoria de los sujetos se evalu&#243; mediante una pregunta para medir la autopercepci&#243;n de la memoria en la actualidad&#44; con cuatro categor&#237;as&#58; mala&#44; regular&#44; buena o excelente&#46; En estudios previos esta variable se ha dicotomizado &#40;mala&#47;regular frente a las dem&#225;s categor&#237;as&#41; y se ha observado una fuerte asociaci&#243;n con la salud general autopercibida<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a>&#46; En el presente estudio solo se agruparon las categor&#237;as buena y excelente con el objetivo de mejorar la precisi&#243;n de las estimaciones&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; se pregunt&#243; respecto al diagn&#243;stico m&#233;dico de hipertensi&#243;n&#44; diabetes&#44; enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva cr&#243;nica &#40;EPOC&#41; o problemas articulares &#40;artritis&#47;artrosis&#41;&#44; cada una con categor&#237;a de respuesta binaria&#46; Tambi&#233;n se consideraron otras variables de caracterizaci&#243;n sociodemogr&#225;ficas y de salud&#44; algunas de las cuales se comentan en otros trabajos sobre el estudio CENEX<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0150"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30&#44;31</span></a>&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">An&#225;lisis</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El an&#225;lisis exploratorio de los datos contempl&#243; la inspecci&#243;n de valores faltantes&#44; el c&#225;lculo de la tasa de respuesta&#44; los datos extremos y la evaluaci&#243;n de la distribuci&#243;n de las variables&#46; El puntaje de la escala adaptada de satisfacci&#243;n vital corresponde a la sumatoria de las cinco sentencias descritas en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl1">tabla 1</a>&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se compararon las medianas y los rangos intercuart&#237;licos de satisfacci&#243;n vital seg&#250;n sexo&#44; escolaridad e ingresos econ&#243;micos&#44; mediante las pruebas estad&#237;sticas U de Mann-Withney y Kruskal-Wallis&#46; La satisfacci&#243;n vital se consider&#243; &#171;buena&#187; sobre el percentil 75&#46; Se utilizaron la prueba de independencia de ji al cuadrado y la t de Student para evaluar la distribuci&#243;n de las variables incluidas en el an&#225;lisis seg&#250;n sexo&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se estimaron la raz&#243;n de prevalencia &#40;RP&#41; y sus intervalos de confianza del 95&#37; &#40;IC95&#37;&#41; entre los extremos de la distribuci&#243;n del puntaje de satisfacci&#243;n vital &#40;cuartil 4 frente a cuartil 1&#41; y cada una de las variables incluidas en el estudio &#40;an&#225;lisis bivariado&#41;&#44; utilizando un modelo log-binomial estratificado por sexo&#46; Posteriormente se realiz&#243; un an&#225;lisis multivariado seg&#250;n dos modelos&#46; En el modelo 1 se incluyeron las variables nivel de educaci&#243;n &#40;tres categor&#237;as&#41;&#44; ingresos econ&#243;micos &#40;quintiles&#41;&#44; apoyo social&#44; autorreporte de salud &#40;excelente&#47;muy buena&#47;buena y regular&#47;mala&#41; y memoria en la actualidad &#40;tres categor&#237;as&#41;&#46; El modelo 2 incluy&#243; las mismas variables del modelo 1&#44; excepto el autorreporte de salud y a&#241;adiendo el autorreporte de diagn&#243;stico m&#233;dico de hipertensi&#243;n arterial&#44; diabetes&#44; EPOC o artritis&#47;artrosis&#46; La exclusi&#243;n del autorreporte de salud en el modelo 2 se debe a la alta colinealidad con el diagn&#243;stico de EPOC&#44; diabetes o artritis&#47;artrosis&#46; No detectamos colinealidad entre educaci&#243;n e ingresos&#44; por lo que se decidi&#243; incluir ambas variables en estos an&#225;lisis&#46; En todos los modelos&#44; la estimaci&#243;n de la varianza se realiz&#243; con el m&#233;todo s&#225;ndwich de Huber-White para muestras anidadas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32</span></a>&#44; en este caso en los 20 centros de salud contemplados en el dise&#241;o muestral&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los an&#225;lisis se realizaron con Stata 10&#46;0 &#40;Stata Corporation&#44; College Station&#44; Texas&#41; y el nivel de significaci&#243;n se estableci&#243; en 0&#44;05&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La distribuci&#243;n del puntaje de satisfacci&#243;n vital se muestra en la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">figura 1</a>&#44; donde se aprecia una clara tendencia hacia los valores m&#225;s altos&#46; La mediana en la muestra total fue de 8&#44; con un rango intercuart&#237;lico &#40;RIC&#41; de 6 a 10&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl2">tabla 2</a> se presenta la distribuci&#243;n de las variables estudiadas en el total de la muestra &#40;n y porcentaje&#41; y seg&#250;n sexo&#46; Se observaron diferencias significativas seg&#250;n sexo en todas las variables&#44; con excepci&#243;n de la edad y el autorreporte de diagn&#243;stico m&#233;dico de diabetes&#46; Tanto en nivel de educaci&#243;n como en ingresos econ&#243;micos&#44; las diferencias se acent&#250;an en las categor&#237;as extremas y son los hombres los que presentan mejores indicadores&#46; El apoyo social fue mayor en las mujeres &#40;80&#44;5&#37; frente a 84&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#44; al igual que el autorreporte de salud&#44; la memoria en la actualidad y el diagn&#243;stico de EPOC&#44; artritis&#47;artrosis o hipertensi&#243;n&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl2"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No se observaron diferencias en la mediana del puntaje de satisfacci&#243;n vital entre hombres y mujeres &#40;U de Mann-Withney&#44; p &#61; 0&#44;65&#41;&#44; ni por nivel de educaci&#243;n &#40;Kruskal-Wallis&#44; p &#61; 0&#44;73&#41;&#44; pero s&#237; hubo diferencias por quintil de ingresos econ&#243;micos &#40;Kruskal-Wallis&#44; p &#61; 0&#44;0165&#41;&#44; con el quinto quintil &#40;grupo de mayores ingresos&#41; con un mayor puntaje &#40;mediana 8&#44;5&#59; RIC&#58; 6-10&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl3">tabla 3</a> se presentan las RP y los IC95&#37; en hombres y mujeres para la asociaci&#243;n bivariada entre las distintas variables estudiadas y buena satisfacci&#243;n vital &#40;P75&#41;&#46; En los hombres&#44; la prevalencia de buena satisfacci&#243;n vital en el segundo quintil de ingresos econ&#243;micos fue un 25&#37; mayor &#40;RP &#61; 1&#44;25&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;02-1&#44;54&#41; que la del primer quintil de ingreso&#44; y en el tercer quintil fue un 34&#37; mayor que la del primer quintil &#40;RP &#61; 1&#44;34&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;02-1&#44;76&#41;&#46; Entre los hombres que reconocieron tener apoyo social &#40;frente a no tenerlo&#41; y buena salud &#40;frente a mala&#47;regular&#41;&#44; las RP fueron 1&#44;58 &#40;IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;26-1&#44;98&#41; y 2&#44;11 &#40;IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;69-2&#44;65&#41;&#44; respectivamente&#46; En las mujeres&#44; la prevalencia fue 1&#44;57 &#40;IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;01-2&#44;43&#41; veces mayor entre las que percib&#237;an su memoria como regular y 2&#44;28 &#40;IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;51-3&#44;46&#41; veces mayor entre las que dec&#237;an tenerla buena&#47;excelente&#44; en comparaci&#243;n con aquellas que la percibieron como mala&#46; En cuanto al reporte de diagn&#243;stico m&#233;dico de enfermedades cr&#243;nicas&#44; la prevalencia de buena satisfacci&#243;n vital fue significativamente menor entre los hombres que reportaron diagn&#243;stico de diabetes &#40;RP &#61; 0&#44;64&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;49-0&#44;92&#41; o hipertensi&#243;n &#40;RP &#61; 0&#44;73&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;61-0&#44;88&#41;&#44; y en las mujeres que reportaron diagn&#243;stico de diabetes &#40;RP &#61; 0&#44;86&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;76-0&#44;97&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl3"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl4">tabla 4</a> se presentan las RP ajustadas seg&#250;n dos modelos multivariados y para ambos sexos&#46; En ambos modelos se observaron las mismas tendencias&#44; aunque con leves diferencias en la magnitud de las RP y en la amplitud de los IC95&#37;&#46; En los hombres&#44; la prevalencia de buena satisfacci&#243;n vital fue mayor en los incluidos en el tercer quintil de ingresos econ&#243;micos &#40;frente al primer quintil&#41;&#44; entre los que reportaron apoyo social y entre aquellos que declararon buena salud o mejor &#40;frente a mala&#47;muy mala&#41;&#46; Las prevalencias fueron significativamente menores entre los hombres que reconocieron un diagn&#243;stico de diabetes o hipertensi&#243;n&#46; En las mujeres se aprecia una menor prevalencia de buena satisfacci&#243;n vital entre aquellas con mayor nivel de educaci&#243;n&#44; respecto a aquellas con 3 a&#241;os o menos de escolaridad&#44; y una prevalencia significativamente mayor entre quienes manifestaron apoyo social&#44; buena salud y memoria autorreportada&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl4"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados de este estudio confirman la importancia de la evaluaci&#243;n del bienestar psicol&#243;gico&#44; y en particular de la satisfacci&#243;n vital&#44; en la poblaci&#243;n de adultos mayores&#44; y del v&#237;nculo existente entre este constructo y otros resultados de salud y nivel socioecon&#243;mico&#46; La satisfacci&#243;n vital&#44; evaluada en una muestra de adultos de 65 a 67&#44;9 a&#241;os de edad&#44; se asoci&#243; con caracter&#237;sticas socioecon&#243;micas y otros indicadores de salud&#44; y se apreciaron efectos diferenciados entre hombres y mujeres&#44; en particular en el nivel de escolaridad&#44; el autorreporte de memoria en la actualidad y el diagn&#243;stico de enfermedades cr&#243;nicas &#40;diabetes&#44; hipertensi&#243;n y artritis&#47;artrosis&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La satisfacci&#243;n vital es una medida de bienestar psicol&#243;gico que ha sido estudiada desde hace varias d&#233;cadas en asociaci&#243;n con variables sociales y de salud&#46; En el presente estudio se utiliz&#243; una escala abreviada&#44; adaptada del LSI de Neugarten et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#44; que incluy&#243; cuatro sentencias y una pregunta introductoria de satisfacci&#243;n con la edad&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En los resultados se observ&#243; una asociaci&#243;n positiva entre los mayores grados de satisfacci&#243;n y las categor&#237;as superiores de ingresos econ&#243;micos en los hombres&#46; Estos datos concuerdan con lo observado en la validaci&#243;n chilena del LSI abreviado&#44; en la cual se encontraron diferencias significativas por nivel de ingresos en el puntaje total de satisfacci&#243;n vital&#44; pero no por sexo y edad<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a>&#46; De igual forma&#44; en un estudio que evalu&#243; la satisfacci&#243;n vital en seis pa&#237;ses europeos se hall&#243; que los grupos con mayores ingresos ten&#237;an un puntaje mayor en la escala LSI-Z &#40;versi&#243;n abreviada de 13 &#237;tems&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a>&#46; Por el contrario&#44; se encontr&#243; una menor prevalencia de buena satisfacci&#243;n en las mujeres con mayor educaci&#243;n&#44; no as&#237; en hombres&#46; Este resultado es particularmente llamativo&#44; puesto que no coincide con las tendencias observadas en las categor&#237;as de ingresos econ&#243;micos&#44; ni con lo constatado en poblaci&#243;n adulta chilena<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> y de otros pa&#237;ses<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0165"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">33</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Al igual que en la distribuci&#243;n de la mayor&#237;a de las variables independientes incluidas en este estudio &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl2">tabla 2</a>&#41;&#44; los resultados de los modelos de regresi&#243;n confirman la existencia de efectos diferenciados por sexo en este grupo de poblaci&#243;n&#46; Otros estudios han mostrado diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en otras dimensiones de la salud de los adultos mayores&#44; como por ejemplo s&#237;ntomas depresivos&#44; movilidad y acceso a cuidados de salud<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0170"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34&#8211;36</span></a>&#46; En nuestro estudio vemos algo similar en los resultados seg&#250;n nivel de educaci&#243;n&#44; autorreporte de salud y memoria&#46; Esto concuerda con estudios anteriores que han encontrado diferencias por sexo&#44; siendo los hombres los que reportan una mayor satisfacci&#243;n con la vida<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8&#44;37&#44;38</span></a>&#46; Una posible hip&#243;tesis que ayude a entender esto tiene que ver con la desigual distribuci&#243;n de algunas caracter&#237;sticas&#44; como los ingresos o la escolaridad&#44; entre hombres y mujeres<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0135"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">27&#44;37&#44;39</span></a>&#44; as&#237; como otros aspectos relacionados con la salud&#44; como s&#237;ntomas musculoesquel&#233;ticos&#44; s&#237;ntomas depresivos y estado nutricional<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">40</span></a>&#46; Otra hip&#243;tesis pudiera ser la p&#233;rdida de ciertos roles en esas edades&#44; como la desvinculaci&#243;n con el mundo laboral y las actividades desarrolladas a lo largo de la vida&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En relaci&#243;n al apoyo social&#44; se observ&#243; una fuerte asociaci&#243;n positiva con los mayores niveles de satisfacci&#243;n&#44; incluso tras controlar por las dem&#225;s variables estudiadas&#46; Este resultado es relevante en cuanto a que son las mujeres las que reportan un mayor apoyo social&#44; que a su vez podr&#237;a estar actuando como un promotor de mayor satisfacci&#243;n vital pese a las inequidades entre hombres y mujeres&#46; La asociaci&#243;n entre satisfacci&#243;n vital y autorreporte de salud coincide con los resultados de diversos estudios prospectivos que han observado una asociaci&#243;n entre la satisfacci&#243;n con la vida y la salud autorreportada&#44; el comportamiento de salud y el apoyo social<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9&#44;10</span></a>&#46; En Latinoam&#233;rica&#44; esta asociaci&#243;n fue investigada en la encuesta SABE&#44; que incluy&#243; una muestra representativa de siete ciudades de Latinoam&#233;rica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0125"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">25</span></a>&#44; y cuyos resultados&#44; en cinco de ellas&#44; fueron similares a los de nuestro estudio&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; esto concuerda con el efecto inverso de los cuatro grupos de enfermedades cr&#243;nicas autorreportadas &#40;EPOC&#44; artritis&#47;artrosis&#44; diabetes e hipertensi&#243;n arterial&#41; y satisfacci&#243;n vital&#46;</p><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Limitaciones</span><p id="par0130" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El presente estudio tiene algunas limitaciones&#44; que deben considerarse a la hora de interpretar los hallazgos&#46; Se trata de un estudio de corte transversal&#44; lo cual impide establecer una relaci&#243;n temporal entre las variables estudiadas y&#44; por tanto&#44; hablar de causalidad&#46; Esto es relevante porque estudios previos han mostrado que la satisfacci&#243;n vital puede tomarse como un predictor de morbilidad psiqui&#225;trica y de mortalidad en adultos y ancianos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">11&#44;12</span></a>&#44; mientras que otros estudios han hallado una asociaci&#243;n en sentido inverso<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17</span></a>&#44; lo cual pudiera ser un indicador de una doble causalidad&#46; Pese a ello&#44; los hallazgos corresponden a la l&#237;nea base de un estudio de efectividad&#44; lo cual permitir&#237;a evaluar en una segunda instancia y con otros m&#233;todos anal&#237;ticos si la satisfacci&#243;n vital precede al deterioro de la salud asociado al envejecimiento o si es consecuencia de este&#46; Otra limitaci&#243;n es que se utiliz&#243; una escala de satisfacci&#243;n vital abreviada&#44; adaptada de la versi&#243;n original&#44; por lo que algunas dimensiones del bienestar psicol&#243;gico pudieran estar infrarrepresentadas o ausentes del constructo planteado por los autores originales&#46;</p></span></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="par0135" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La situaci&#243;n econ&#243;mica&#44; el apoyo social y el estado de salud se asocian de forma independiente con la satisfacci&#243;n vital en los adultos mayores de Santiago&#46; La relaci&#243;n temporal entre estas variables y mediciones directas del estado de salud&#44; as&#237; como sus implicancias para la salud p&#250;blica&#44; deben seguir siendo estudiadas&#46;<elsevierMultimedia ident="tb0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p></span><span id="sec0075" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Contribuciones de autor&#237;a</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A&#46; Castillo-Carniglia y C&#46; Albala conceptualizaron el problema&#44; estructuraron los objetivos y realizaron los an&#225;lisis&#46; R&#46; Uauy&#44; A&#46; Dangour y C&#46; Albala son los investigadores principales y coordinadores del estudio CENEX en Inglaterra y Chile&#44; respectivamente&#46; Todos los autores contribuyeron en la interpretaci&#243;n de los resultados y la redacci&#243;n del texto&#44; y revisaron la versi&#243;n final de este art&#237;culo&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0080" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Financiaci&#243;n</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A&#46; Castillo-Carniglia recibe financiaci&#243;n de la Comisi&#243;n Nacional de Investigaci&#243;n Cient&#237;fica y Tecnol&#243;gica de Chile &#40;CONICYT&#41;&#46; El estudio CENEX fue financiado por The Wellcome Trust &#40;Grant n&#250;mero 075219&#59; <a href="http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/">www&#46;wellcome&#46;ac&#46;uk</a>&#41; y por el Ministerio de Salud de Chile&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0085" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conflicto de intereses</span><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ninguno&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Evaluar la asociaci&#243;n entre satisfacci&#243;n vital con el nivel socioecon&#243;mico y el autorreporte del estado de salud en una cohorte de adultos mayores de Santiago de Chile en los a&#241;os 2005 y 2006&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio transversal que incluy&#243; 2002 sujetos entre 65 y 67&#44;9 a&#241;os de edad&#44; registrados en 20 centros de salud primaria del Gran Santiago&#44; autovalentes&#44; sin deterioro cognitivo&#44; sospecha de c&#225;ncer ni enfermedad terminal&#46; Se evalu&#243; la satisfacci&#243;n vital mediante la adaptaci&#243;n abreviada de una escala de satisfacci&#243;n con la vida &#40;de 0 a 11&#41;&#44; adem&#225;s de los ingresos econ&#243;micos&#44; el nivel de educaci&#243;n&#44; el apoyo social y autorreporte del estado de salud y la memoria&#46; Se utiliz&#243; un modelo log-binomial para analizar la asociaci&#243;n entre las variables evaluadas y los extremos del puntaje de satisfacci&#243;n vital &#40;cuartil 4 frente a 1&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se observ&#243; una asociaci&#243;n significativa &#40;an&#225;lisis bivariado y multivariado&#41; entre satisfacci&#243;n vital e ingresos econ&#243;micos en los hombres&#44; y en ambos sexos con el apoyo social&#44; el autorreporte de salud&#44; la memoria y los diagn&#243;sticos de problemas articulares&#44; diabetes e hipertensi&#243;n&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La situaci&#243;n econ&#243;mica&#44; el apoyo social y el estado de salud se asocian de forma independiente con la satisfacci&#243;n vital en los adultos mayores de Santiago&#46; Se requieren nuevos estudios para evaluar la direcci&#243;n temporal del efecto&#44; as&#237; como las implicaciones de estos hallazgos en las pol&#237;ticas p&#250;blicas de salud en esta poblaci&#243;n&#46;</p>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To evaluate the association between life satisfaction and socioeconomic status and self-reported health in a cohort of older people in Santiago&#44; Chile&#44; in 2005 and 2006&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We interviewed 2002 individuals aged 65 to 67&#46;9 years registered in 20 primary care centers in the city of Santiago&#46; Participants were living independently with no cognitive impairment&#44; suspected cancer or terminal diseases&#46; We assessed life satisfaction using an abbreviated adaptation of a life satisfaction scale &#40;scored from 0 to 11&#41;&#44; and collected self-reported information on income&#44; education&#44; social support&#44; and self-reported health and memory&#46; We used a log-binomial model to analyze the association between life satisfaction scores &#40;fourth quartile compared with the first&#41; and socioeconomic and health variables&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">There was a significant association &#40;bivariate and multivariate analyses&#41; between life satisfaction and income in men and with social support&#44; self-reported health&#44; memory&#44; and diagnosis of joint problems&#44; diabetes and hypertension in both sexes&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Social support&#44; income and health status were independently associated with life satisfaction in older people aged 65-67&#46;9 years in Santiago&#46; Further studies are required to assess the temporal direction of the effect and the implications of these findings for public health policies in this population&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#41; Alguna gente de su edad se sienten viejos&#44; otros de mediana edad y algunos j&#243;venes&#46; &#191;C&#243;mo se siente usted con la edad que tiene&#63;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3 Joven2 Mediana edad1 Viejo0 Muy viejo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4-8 a&#241;os de escolaridad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;8 a&#241;os de escolaridad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Buena&#47;muy buena&#47;excelente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Buena&#47;excelente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Modelo 1</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0-3 a&#241;os de escolaridad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4-8 a&#241;os de escolaridad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;8 a&#241;os de escolaridad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Ingresos econ&#243;micos</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Apoyo social</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;41&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;1&#44;09-1&#44;82&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;55&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;1&#44;21-1&#44;98&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;1&#44;09-1&#44;63&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;33&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;1&#44;11-1&#44;60&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Autorreporte de salud</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Regular&#47;mala&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Buena&#47;muy buena&#47;excelente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;03&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;1&#44;61-2&#44;56&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;56&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;1&#44;36-1&#44;79&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Memoria en la actualidad</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Mala&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">-&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Regular&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;1&#44;01-3&#44;10&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Buena&#47;excelente&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">&#40;1&#44;43-4&#44;20&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="9" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">EPOC</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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          "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0065" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">&#191;Qu&#233; se sabe sobre el tema&#63;</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La salud y el bienestar autopercibidos se han descrito como predictores de morbilidad y mortalidad en los adultos mayores&#46; La medici&#243;n de la satisfacci&#243;n vital es algo reciente en los pa&#237;ses en desarrollo&#44; y poco se sabe en relaci&#243;n a su distribuci&#243;n y asociaci&#243;n con otras caracter&#237;sticas individuales&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0070" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">&#191;Qu&#233; a&#241;ade el estudio realizado a la literatura&#63;</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hay una asociaci&#243;n entre el nivel socioecon&#243;mico y otros indicadores de salud autorreportados con la satisfacci&#243;n vital en los adultos mayores&#46; Estos resultados contribuyen a la comprensi&#243;n del proceso de salud y enfermedad en los grupos de mayor edad&#44; y de la necesidad de incorporar dimensiones subjetivas de bienestar&#44; como la satisfacci&#243;n vital&#46;</p></span></span>"
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