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            2 => "Cryptorchidism"
            3 => "Hypospadias"
            4 => "Risk factors"
            5 => "Occupational exposure"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Antecedentes</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha sugerido que la exposici&#243;n maternoinfantil a compuestos hormonalmente activos &#40;disruptores endocrinos&#41; tiene en la etapa intrauterina una de sus fases m&#225;s comprometidas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Revisar los estudios epidemiol&#243;gicos&#44; nacionales e internacionales&#44; publicados entre 1990 y el primer trimestre de 2006&#44; que tuvieran como hip&#243;tesis la asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n humana a disruptores endocrinos y el riesgo de criptorquidia e hipospadias&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se han buscado art&#237;culos en MEDLINE&#47;PubMed mediante las palabras clave&#58; disruptores endocrinos&#44; xenoestr&#243;genos&#44; pesticidas organoclorados y criptorquidia e hipospadias&#46; La selecci&#243;n de los 16 trabajos incluidos se hizo atendiendo al dise&#241;o y la poblaci&#243;n de estudio&#44; las medidas de exposici&#243;n empleadas&#44; los criterios de exclusi&#243;n e inclusi&#243;n establecidos y el an&#225;lisis estad&#237;stico utilizado&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados y conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aunque los estudios aqu&#237; revisados no son concluyentes para confirmar la asociaci&#243;n entre disruptores endocrinos y riesgo de malformaci&#243;n del tracto genitourinario&#44; tampoco demuestran la falta de tal asociaci&#243;n&#46; Por este motivo parece razonable sugerir que este aspecto de la patolog&#237;a hormonal deber&#237;a investigarse m&#225;s en profundidad&#44; resolviendo&#44; al menos&#44; el diagn&#243;stico adecuado de los individuos y la estimaci&#243;n de la exposici&#243;n a m&#250;ltiples compuestos qu&#237;micos&#44; contaminantes ambientales&#44; que act&#250;an conjuntamente a trav&#233;s de mecanismos similares a las hormonas end&#243;genas&#46;</p>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Background</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">It has been proposed that the intrauterine period of child-mother exposure to hormonally active compounds &#40;endocrine disruptors&#41; is of critical importance&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We reviewed all Spanish and English-language epidemiological studies published between 1990 and the first trimester of 2006 that studied the possible association between human exposure to chemical compounds and the risk of cryptorchidism and&#47;or hypospadias&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The MEDLINE &#40;PubMed&#41; database was searched using the following key words&#58; endocrine disruptors&#44; organochlorine pesticides&#44; xenoestrogens&#44; cryptorchidism and hypospadias&#46; Selection of the 16 studies included was based on the following criteria&#58; study design and population&#44; the measures of exposure used&#44; inclusion and exclusion criteria&#44; and the statistical analysis used&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results and conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Although the studies reviewed do not conclusively confirm the association between exposure to endocrine disruptors and the risk of male genital malformation&#44; this association cannot be ruled out&#46; Further in-depth investigation of this association is required&#46; Issues that remain to be resolved are the diagnostic classification to be used and appropriate measurement of exposure to multiple chemical compounds and environmental contaminants that act conjointly through mechanisms similar to endogenous hormones&#46;</p>"
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Exposición a disruptores endocrinos y alteraciones del tracto urogenital masculino (criptorquidia e hipospadias)
Exposure to endocrine disruptors and male urogenital tract malformations [cryptorchidism and hypospadias]
Mariana F. Fernández
Autor para correspondencia
marieta@ugr.es

Correspondencia: Mariana F. Fernández Cabrera. Laboratorio de Investigaciones Médicas. Hospital Universitario San Cecilio. Avda. Dr. Oloriz, s/n. 18012 Granada. España.
, Begoña Olmos, Nicolás Olea
Laboratorio de Investigaciones Médicas, Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España
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    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2006-08-23"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2006-11-06"
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          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec13893"
          "palabras" => array:8 [
            0 => "Disruptores endocrinos"
            1 => "Estr&#243;genos ambientales"
            2 => "Criptorquidia"
            3 => "Hipospadias"
            4 => "Factores de riesgo"
            5 => "Exposici&#243;n ocupacional"
            6 => "Pesticidas"
            7 => "Revisi&#243;n sistem&#225;tica"
          ]
        ]
      ]
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        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Key words"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec13894"
          "palabras" => array:8 [
            0 => "Endocrine disruptors"
            1 => "Environmental estrogens"
            2 => "Cryptorchidism"
            3 => "Hypospadias"
            4 => "Risk factors"
            5 => "Occupational exposure"
            6 => "Pesticides"
            7 => "Systematic rewiew"
          ]
        ]
      ]
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    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Antecedentes</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha sugerido que la exposici&#243;n maternoinfantil a compuestos hormonalmente activos &#40;disruptores endocrinos&#41; tiene en la etapa intrauterina una de sus fases m&#225;s comprometidas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Revisar los estudios epidemiol&#243;gicos&#44; nacionales e internacionales&#44; publicados entre 1990 y el primer trimestre de 2006&#44; que tuvieran como hip&#243;tesis la asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n humana a disruptores endocrinos y el riesgo de criptorquidia e hipospadias&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se han buscado art&#237;culos en MEDLINE&#47;PubMed mediante las palabras clave&#58; disruptores endocrinos&#44; xenoestr&#243;genos&#44; pesticidas organoclorados y criptorquidia e hipospadias&#46; La selecci&#243;n de los 16 trabajos incluidos se hizo atendiendo al dise&#241;o y la poblaci&#243;n de estudio&#44; las medidas de exposici&#243;n empleadas&#44; los criterios de exclusi&#243;n e inclusi&#243;n establecidos y el an&#225;lisis estad&#237;stico utilizado&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados y conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aunque los estudios aqu&#237; revisados no son concluyentes para confirmar la asociaci&#243;n entre disruptores endocrinos y riesgo de malformaci&#243;n del tracto genitourinario&#44; tampoco demuestran la falta de tal asociaci&#243;n&#46; Por este motivo parece razonable sugerir que este aspecto de la patolog&#237;a hormonal deber&#237;a investigarse m&#225;s en profundidad&#44; resolviendo&#44; al menos&#44; el diagn&#243;stico adecuado de los individuos y la estimaci&#243;n de la exposici&#243;n a m&#250;ltiples compuestos qu&#237;micos&#44; contaminantes ambientales&#44; que act&#250;an conjuntamente a trav&#233;s de mecanismos similares a las hormonas end&#243;genas&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Background</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">It has been proposed that the intrauterine period of child-mother exposure to hormonally active compounds &#40;endocrine disruptors&#41; is of critical importance&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We reviewed all Spanish and English-language epidemiological studies published between 1990 and the first trimester of 2006 that studied the possible association between human exposure to chemical compounds and the risk of cryptorchidism and&#47;or hypospadias&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The MEDLINE &#40;PubMed&#41; database was searched using the following key words&#58; endocrine disruptors&#44; organochlorine pesticides&#44; xenoestrogens&#44; cryptorchidism and hypospadias&#46; Selection of the 16 studies included was based on the following criteria&#58; study design and population&#44; the measures of exposure used&#44; inclusion and exclusion criteria&#44; and the statistical analysis used&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results and conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Although the studies reviewed do not conclusively confirm the association between exposure to endocrine disruptors and the risk of male genital malformation&#44; this association cannot be ruled out&#46; Further in-depth investigation of this association is required&#46; Issues that remain to be resolved are the diagnostic classification to be used and appropriate measurement of exposure to multiple chemical compounds and environmental contaminants that act conjointly through mechanisms similar to endogenous hormones&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
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        0 => array:1 [
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ISSN: 02139111
Idioma original: Español
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