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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Evaluar los factores de riesgo de las torres de refrigeraci&#243;n asociadas a un brote comunitario de legionelosis seg&#250;n sus caracter&#237;sticas de mantenimiento y la calidad del agua&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparar los datos recogidos entre los 4 tipos de torres de refrigeraci&#243;n&#58; control 1&#44; control 2&#44; probable y confirmada&#46; Se han estudiado un total de 184 torres de refrigeraci&#243;n asociadas a 17 brotes comunitarios de legionelosis de la provincia de Barcelona durante el a&#241;o 2004&#44; de las cuales 112 son control 1&#44; 54 control 2&#44; 8 probables y 10 confirmadas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las torres confirmadas se caracterizan por&#58; niveles elevados de conductividad&#44; aerobios totales&#44; dureza c&#225;lcica&#44; s&#243;lidos totales en disoluci&#243;n&#44; temperatura y turbidez&#59; concentraciones de cloro deficientes &#40;&#60; 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm&#41;&#59; utilizaci&#243;n del hipoclorito como desinfectante en un 10&#37; de las instalaciones&#59; mayor grado de incumplimiento del programa de revisi&#243;n y limpieza de los elementos internos de las torres &#40;bandeja&#44; relleno y separador de gotas&#41;&#59; grado de cumplimiento de las desinfecciones peri&#243;dicas y de la limpieza de dep&#243;sitos del 100&#37;&#46; Un 47&#37; de las torres investigadas no utilizan los tratamientos previos del agua a pesar de disminuir los valores de las variables fisicoqu&#237;micas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se deber&#237;an establecer medidas de prevenci&#243;n de la legionelosis que garanticen una buena calidad del agua y el seguimiento de sus variables fisicoqu&#237;micas&#44; unos niveles de cloro superior a 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm&#44; la evaluaci&#243;n del riesgo individual para cada instalaci&#243;n&#44; y el cumplimiento del 100&#37; del programa de revisi&#243;n de los elementos internos de las torres&#46;</p>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetive</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To evaluate the factors of risk of the risk cooling towers associated to a community outbreak of legionellosis according to its characteristics of maintenance and the quality of the water with the purpose of improving the systems of prevention of this one disease&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Method</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To compare the piece of information gathered between the 4 types of cooling towers&#58; control 1&#44; control 2&#44; probable and confirmed&#46; A total of 184 cooling towers have been studied associated to 17 community outbreak of legionellosis of the province of Barcelona &#40;Spain&#41; during the year 2004&#44; of which 112 are control 1&#44; 54 control 2&#44; 8 probable and 10 confirmed&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The confirmed towers are characterized by&#58; high levels of conductivity&#44; total aerobes&#44; calcic hardness&#44; total solids in dissolution&#44; temperature and turbidity&#59; low levels of chlorine &#40;&#60; 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm&#41;&#59; of use hypochlorite as disinfectant in a 10&#37;&#59; greater degree of breach of the revision program and cleaning of the internal elements of the tower &#40;tray&#44; stuffed and separating of drops&#41;&#59; degree of performance of the periodic disinfections and the cleaning of deposits of the 100&#37;&#46; A 47&#37; of the investigated towers do not use the previous treatments of the water in spite of diminishing the parametric values of the quantitatives variables&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Measures of prevention of the legionellosis would be due to guarantee&#58; a good quality of the water and the pursuit of its quantitatives variables&#59; chlorine levels superior to 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm&#59; the evaluation of the individual risk for each installation&#59; the performance of the 100&#37; of the program of revision of the internal elements of the towers&#46;</p>"
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Nota de campo
Estudio de las torres de refrigeración asociadas a brotes comunitarios de legionelosis
Study of refrigeration towers associated with community outbreaks of legionellosis
Fernando Parrilla Valeroa,
Autor para correspondencia
parrilla.valero@cofb.net

Correspondencia: Fernando Parrilla Valero. Unitat de Vigilància Epidemiològica de la Regió Centre. Barcelona. Rafael Casanova, 195, 3.° 3.ª. 08620 Sant Vicenç dels Horts. Barcelona. España.
, Susana Chacón Villanuevab, Albert Pérez Lleonartb
a Unitat de Vigilància Epidemiològica de la Regió Centre, Barcelona, España
b Serveis Territorials a Barcelona del Departament de Salut, Barcelona, España
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Evaluar los factores de riesgo de las torres de refrigeraci&#243;n asociadas a un brote comunitario de legionelosis seg&#250;n sus caracter&#237;sticas de mantenimiento y la calidad del agua&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparar los datos recogidos entre los 4 tipos de torres de refrigeraci&#243;n&#58; control 1&#44; control 2&#44; probable y confirmada&#46; Se han estudiado un total de 184 torres de refrigeraci&#243;n asociadas a 17 brotes comunitarios de legionelosis de la provincia de Barcelona durante el a&#241;o 2004&#44; de las cuales 112 son control 1&#44; 54 control 2&#44; 8 probables y 10 confirmadas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las torres confirmadas se caracterizan por&#58; niveles elevados de conductividad&#44; aerobios totales&#44; dureza c&#225;lcica&#44; s&#243;lidos totales en disoluci&#243;n&#44; temperatura y turbidez&#59; concentraciones de cloro deficientes &#40;&#60; 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm&#41;&#59; utilizaci&#243;n del hipoclorito como desinfectante en un 10&#37; de las instalaciones&#59; mayor grado de incumplimiento del programa de revisi&#243;n y limpieza de los elementos internos de las torres &#40;bandeja&#44; relleno y separador de gotas&#41;&#59; grado de cumplimiento de las desinfecciones peri&#243;dicas y de la limpieza de dep&#243;sitos del 100&#37;&#46; Un 47&#37; de las torres investigadas no utilizan los tratamientos previos del agua a pesar de disminuir los valores de las variables fisicoqu&#237;micas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se deber&#237;an establecer medidas de prevenci&#243;n de la legionelosis que garanticen una buena calidad del agua y el seguimiento de sus variables fisicoqu&#237;micas&#44; unos niveles de cloro superior a 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm&#44; la evaluaci&#243;n del riesgo individual para cada instalaci&#243;n&#44; y el cumplimiento del 100&#37; del programa de revisi&#243;n de los elementos internos de las torres&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetive</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To evaluate the factors of risk of the risk cooling towers associated to a community outbreak of legionellosis according to its characteristics of maintenance and the quality of the water with the purpose of improving the systems of prevention of this one disease&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Method</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To compare the piece of information gathered between the 4 types of cooling towers&#58; control 1&#44; control 2&#44; probable and confirmed&#46; A total of 184 cooling towers have been studied associated to 17 community outbreak of legionellosis of the province of Barcelona &#40;Spain&#41; during the year 2004&#44; of which 112 are control 1&#44; 54 control 2&#44; 8 probable and 10 confirmed&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The confirmed towers are characterized by&#58; high levels of conductivity&#44; total aerobes&#44; calcic hardness&#44; total solids in dissolution&#44; temperature and turbidity&#59; low levels of chlorine &#40;&#60; 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm&#41;&#59; of use hypochlorite as disinfectant in a 10&#37;&#59; greater degree of breach of the revision program and cleaning of the internal elements of the tower &#40;tray&#44; stuffed and separating of drops&#41;&#59; degree of performance of the periodic disinfections and the cleaning of deposits of the 100&#37;&#46; A 47&#37; of the investigated towers do not use the previous treatments of the water in spite of diminishing the parametric values of the quantitatives variables&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Measures of prevention of the legionellosis would be due to guarantee&#58; a good quality of the water and the pursuit of its quantitatives variables&#59; chlorine levels superior to 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ppm&#59; the evaluation of the individual risk for each installation&#59; the performance of the 100&#37; of the program of revision of the internal elements of the towers&#46;</p>"
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ISSN: 02139111
Idioma original: Español
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