Parte IV. Ecosalud y participación social
Cambio climático y salud pública: escenarios después de la entrada en vigor del Protocolo de Kioto
Climatic change and public health: scenarios after the coming into force of the Kyoto Protocol
Ferran Ballestera,
, Julio Díazb, José Manuel Morenoc
Autor para correspondencia
ballester_fer@gva.es
Correspondencia: Ferran Ballester. Escuela Valenciana de Estudios para la Salud. Juan de Garay, 21. 46017 Valencia. España.
Correspondencia: Ferran Ballester. Escuela Valenciana de Estudios para la Salud. Juan de Garay, 21. 46017 Valencia. España.
a Unidad de Epidemiología y Estadística. Escuela Valenciana de Estudios en Salud. Conselleria de Sanitat. Generalitat Valenciana. Valencia. España
b Facultad de Ciencias Físicas. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid. España
c Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Toledo. España
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Escuela Valenciana de Estudios en Salud. Conselleria de Sanitat. Generalitat Valenciana. Valencia. España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Facultad de Ciencias Físicas. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid. España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Toledo. España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia: Ferran Ballester. Escuela Valenciana de Estudios para la Salud. Juan de Garay, 21. 46017 Valencia. España." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Climatic change and public health: scenarios after the coming into force of the Kyoto Protocol" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec13940" "palabras" => array:7 [ 0 => "Cambio climático" 1 => "Temperatura" 2 => "Contaminación atmosférica" 3 => "Enfermedades infecciosas" 4 => "Adaptación" 5 => "Vigilancia" 6 => "Salud pública" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec13939" "palabras" => array:7 [ 0 => "Climatic change" 1 => "Temperature" 2 => "Air pollution" 3 => "Communicable diseases" 4 => "Adaptation" 5 => "Surveillance" 6 => "Public health" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Según los informes del Panel Intergubernamental para el Cambio Climático (IPCC) los humanos del presente y del futuro próximo vamos a vivir, los estamos viviendo ya, cambios importantes en el clima mundial. Conscientes de la magnitud del problema los organismos internacionales han tomado una serie de iniciativas encaminadas a frenar el cambio climático y a reducir su efecto. Esta voluntad se ha plasmado en los acuerdos establecidos en el Protocolo de Kioto en el que los países se comprometen a reducir las emisiones de gases con efecto invernadero. El 16 de febrero de 2005 el Protocolo de Kioto ha entrado en vigor con el apoyo de 141 países firmantes.</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Entre las mayores preocupaciones se encuentran los efectos en salud que puede provocar el cambio del clima, como: <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">1)</span> cambios en la morbimortalidad en relación con la temperatura; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2)</span> efectos en la salud relacionados con eventos meteorológicos extremos (tornados, tormentas, huracanes y precipitaciones extremas); <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">3)</span> contaminación atmosférica y aumento de los efectos en salud asociados; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">4)</span> enfermedades transmitidas por los alimentos y el agua, y <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">5)</span> enfermedades transmitidas por vectores infecciosos y por roedores.</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Incluso si todos los países del mundo cumplieran con el Protocolo de Kioto, algunas consecuencias de los cambios en el clima serán inevitables, entre ellas algunas que tendrán efecto negativo sobre la salud. La adaptación es una estrategia de respuesta clave para minimizar los efectos del cambio climático y para reducir, con el mínimo coste, los efectos adversos sobre la salud. Desde la salud pública se puede y se debe desempeñar un papel relevante en la comprensión de los riesgos para la salud de los cambios del clima, en el diseño de sistemas de vigilancia para evaluar los posibles efectos, en el establecimiento de sistemas para prevenir o reducir los daños y en la identificación y desarrollo de necesidades de investigación.</p>" ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">According to the reports of the intergovernmental panel for climatic change (IPCC) human beings of the present and near future are going to experiment, in fact we are already experimenting, important changes in the world climate. Conscious of the magnitude of the problem, international organizations have taken a series of initiatives headed to stop the climatic change and to reduce its impact. This willingness has been shaped into the agreements established in the Kyoto protocol, where countries commit to reduce greenhouse-effect gas emissions. Kyoto protocol has come into force on February 16th 2005 with the support of 141 signing countries.</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Among the major worries are the effects which climatic change may have upon health, such as: 1) changes in the morbidity- mortality related to temperature; 2) Effects on health related with extreme meteorological events (tornados, storms, hurricanes and extreme raining); 3) Air pollution and increase of associated health effects; d) Diseases transmitted by food and water and 4) Infectious diseases transmitted by vectors and by rodents.</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Even if all the countries in the world committed to the Kyoto Protocol, some consequences of the climatic change will be inevitable; among them some will have a negative impact on health. It would be necessary to adapt a key response strategy to minimize the impacts of climatic change and to reduce, at minimum cost, its adverse effects on health. 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Información del artículo
ISSN: 02139111Idioma original: Español
DOI:10.1157/13086040
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