La diabetes mellitus en España: mortalidad, prevalencia, incidencia, costes económicos y desigualdades
Mellitus diabetes in Spain: death rates, prevalence, impact, costs and inequalities
Miguel Ruiz-Ramosa,
, Antonio Escolar-Pujolarb, Eduardo Mayoral-Sánchezc, Florentino Corral-San Laureanob, Isabel Fernández-Fernándezc
Autor para correspondencia
miguel.ruiz.ext@juntadeandalucia.es
Correspondencia: Miguel Ruiz-Ramos. Instituto de Estadística de Andalucía. Pabellón de Nueva Zelanda. Leonardo da Vinci, s/n. 41071 Isla de la Cartuja. Sevilla. España.
Correspondencia: Miguel Ruiz-Ramos. Instituto de Estadística de Andalucía. Pabellón de Nueva Zelanda. Leonardo da Vinci, s/n. 41071 Isla de la Cartuja. Sevilla. España.
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Sevilla. España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar. Cádiz. España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Plan Integral de Diabetes. Servicio Andaluz de Salud. Sevilla. España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia: Miguel Ruiz-Ramos. Instituto de Estadística de Andalucía. Pabellón de Nueva Zelanda. Leonardo da Vinci, s/n. 41071 Isla de la Cartuja. Sevilla. España." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Mellitus diabetes in Spain: death rates, prevalence, impact, costs and inequalities" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec13949" "palabras" => array:6 [ 0 => "Diabetes mellitus" 1 => "Mortalidad" 2 => "Prevalencia" 3 => "Incidencia" 4 => "Costes económicos" 5 => "Desigualdades" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec13950" "palabras" => array:6 [ 0 => "Diabetes mellitus" 1 => "Mortality" 2 => "Prevalence" 3 => "Incidence" 4 => "Costs" 5 => "Inequalities" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Describir la situación de la diabetes mellitus (DM) en España desde una perspectiva de salud pública.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y método</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha realizado una búsqueda manual de libros y otros documentos sobre DM en España, además una búsqueda específica de artículo usando los términos <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">MeSH diabetes mortality, morbidity, cost, inequalities and Spain</span>, realizada en Medline a través de PubMed. También se han utilizado los últimos datos disponibles de mortalidad y del Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos Hospitalarios por Comunidad Autónoma.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La DM es una de las primeras causas de mortalidad, en las mujeres ocupa el tercer lugar. Por Comunidades Autónomas, Canarias junto con Andalucía y las ciudades autónomas de Ceuta y Melilla presentan la mayor mortalidad, con una tendencia descendente. Los diabéticos tienen una mayor mortalidad que los no diabéticos, sus complicaciones son las principales causas de la mayor mortalidad, sobre todo la enfermedad isquémica del corazón. Las estimaciones de prevalencia de DM tipo 2 (DM2) en España varían entre el 4,8 y el 18,7%, las de DM tipo 1 (DM1) entre el 0,08 y el 0,2%. Para la DM en el embarazo se han descrito prevalencias entre el 4,5 y el 16,1%. En cuanto a incidencia anual, se estima entre 146 y 820 por 100.000 personas para la DM2 y entre 10 y 17 nuevos casos anuales por 100.000 personas para la DM1. Los costes económicos de la DM1 van de 1.262 a 3.311 €/persona/ año. Los costes de la DM2 oscilan entre 381 y 2.560 €/paciente/ año. Los estudios que estiman costes totales los sitúan entre 758 y 4.348 €/persona/año. Se ha demostrado que a menor nivel socioeconómico peor es el control de la enfermedad y mayores su frecuencia y los otros factores de riesgo de DM2.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se puede afirmar que la DM es un importante problema de salud pública que irá incrementándose en los próximos años (fundamentalmente la DM2) si no se toman las medidas de prevención y control oportunas.</p>" ] "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Describing the situation of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Spain from a public health perspective.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Matherial and method</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A manual review of books and other documents on diabetes mellitus in Spain was conduced. In addition, a specific research of articles published using MeSH terms diabetes mortality, prevalence, incidence, cost, inequalities and Spain was conduced in Medline through Internet(PubMed). Minimun Basic Data Set was utilized as source for complication description by Communities Autonomus.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">DM is one of the leading cause of mortality and the third one in women. With regard to Autonomous Communities, Canary Islands, Ceuta y Melilla and Andalusia show the greatest mortality with a downward trend. Diabetics present grater mortality than non diabetic patients, being complications the main cause of the over-mortality, especially ischemic heart disease. Estimations of prevalence for DM2 range from 4.8% to 18.7% and for DM1, from.08% to.2%. In pregnancy, it has been noted a prevalence ranging from 4.5% to 16.1%. With respect to incidence per year, it is estimated a range from 146 to 820 per 100 000 inhabitants for DM2 and a range from 10 to 17 mew cases annually per 100 000 inhabitants for DM1. Costs for DM1 show very different results, averaging between 1,262 and 3,311 e per people and year. There are differences for DM2 costs as well, averaging between 381 and 2,560 e per patient and year. Total costs estimated range from 758 to 4,348 e per person and year. Relationship between a low socioeconomic level (LSL) and DM2 risk has been proved. Moreover,it has been noted that the less LSL the worse is the disease control, coupled with a greater frequency and more frequent factors of DM2 risk.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The knowledge about the situation of the DM as a Public Health problem in Spain is limited. Mortality data available does not gather its real magnitude, and prevalence, incidence, costs and inequalities research are very poor and hardly comparable. In spite of this degree of incertitude, we can state that DM is an important public health problem with a continuous increase, especially DM2, if the appropriate prevention and control measures are not taken.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:56 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." 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Información del artículo
ISSN: 02139111Idioma original: Español
DOI:10.1157/13086022
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