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        "resumen" => "<span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To describe the characteristics and trends of newly diagnosed HIV-infections&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We analysed all newly diagnosed HIV-infections among residents of the Canary Islands&#44; Ceuta&#44; La Rioja&#44; Navarre and the Basque Country &#40;Spain&#41; between 2000 and 2004&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In total&#44; 1&#44;807 HIV-infections &#8211;74&#46;4 per million inhabitants&#44; per year&#8211;were diagnosed&#46; The heterosexual transmission category was the most frequent &#40;48&#46;6&#37;&#41;&#44; followed by that of homo&#47;bisexual men &#40;23&#46;0&#37;&#41; and injecting drug users &#40;IDU&#41; &#40;22&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#46; From 2000 to 2004&#44; the rate of new diagnoses of HIV infection decreased by 29&#46;8&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;0001&#41;&#46; The rate of diagnoses of infections acquired by IDU diminished by 58&#46;5&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;0001&#41;&#44; and the rate of infections associated with homo&#47;bisexual practices in men descended by 33&#46;9&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;0318&#41;&#46; Nevertheless&#44; the rate of diagnoses of infections by heterosexual transmission has not undergone significant changes&#46; In the period 2002-2004&#44; 28&#46;7&#37; of cases were diagnosed in foreigners&#44; but the rate of diagnoses in the population of non-Spanish origin diminished by 24&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;0534&#41;&#46; 39&#46;7&#37; of HIV diagnoses were delayed &#40;with CD4 &#60; 200 cells&#47;microlitre or coinciding with the diagnosis of AIDS&#41;&#46; This situation was less frequent in women &#40;odds ratio &#61; 0&#46;5&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;001&#41; and increased with age amongst people over 30&#46; The proportion of delayed diagnoses reached a maximum in 2001 &#40;47&#46;5&#37;&#41; and then declined until 2004 &#40;38&#46;6&#37;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;022&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Although none of the analysed indicators evolved unfavourably&#44; it is important to insist on the prevention of sexual transmission&#44; the early diagnosis of HIV infection&#44; and the need to adapt preventive activities and focus them on people from other countries&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Describir las caracter&#237;sticas y tendencias de los nuevos diagn&#243;sticos de infecci&#243;n por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana &#40;VIH&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se analizaron los nuevos diagn&#243;sticos del VIH entre los residentes en Canarias&#44; Ceuta&#44; La Rioja&#44; Navarra y Pa&#237;s Vasco desde 2000 hasta 2004&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se diagnosticaron 1&#46;807 infecciones&#44; 74&#44;4 por mill&#243;n de habitantes y a&#241;o&#46; Predomin&#243; la categor&#237;a de transmisi&#243;n heterosexual &#40;48&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#44; seguida por la homosexual&#47;bisexual &#40;23&#44;0&#37;&#41; y la de usuarios de drogas por v&#237;a parenteral &#40;UDVP&#41;&#40;22&#44;5&#37;&#41;&#46; Entre 2000 y 2004&#44; la tasa de diagn&#243;sticos del VIH ha disminuido un 29&#44;8&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; La tasa de diagn&#243;sticos de infecciones de la categor&#237;a de UDVP disminuy&#243; un 58&#44;5&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; y&#44; en hombres&#44; la de infecciones de la categor&#237;a homosexual&#47;bisexual se redujo un 33&#44;9&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;0318&#41;&#46; La tasa de diagn&#243;sticos de infecciones de la categor&#237;a heterosexual no ha presentado cambios significativos&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En el per&#237;odo 2002-2004&#44; el 28&#44;7&#37; de los casos correspond&#237;a a extranjeros&#44; pero la tasa de diagn&#243;sticos en personas de otros pa&#237;ses disminuy&#243; un 24&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;0534&#41;&#46; El 39&#44;7&#37; de los diagn&#243;sticos del VIH fueron tard&#237;os &#40;con CD4 &#60; 200 c&#233;lulas&#47;&#956;l o coincidiendo con el sida&#41;&#46; Esta situaci&#243;n fue menos frecuente en mujeres &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">odds ratio</span> &#61; 0&#44;5&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; y aument&#243; con la edad a partir de 30 a&#241;os&#46; La proporci&#243;n de diagn&#243;sticos tard&#237;os alcanz&#243; el m&#225;ximo en 2001 &#40;47&#44;5&#37;&#41; y disminuy&#243; hasta 2004 &#40;38&#44;6&#37;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;022&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aunque ninguno de los indicadores analizados ha evolucionado desfavorablemente&#44; se debe insistir en la prevenci&#243;n de la transmisi&#243;n sexual&#44; en el diagn&#243;stico precoz de la infecci&#243;n por el VIH y en la adaptaci&#243;n de estas actividades a personas de otros pa&#237;ses&#46;</p></span>"
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Orginales
Characteristics and trends of newly diagnosed HIV-infections, 2000-2004
Características y tendencias de los nuevos diagnósticos de infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana [2000-2004]
Jesús Castillaa,
Autor para correspondencia
jcastilc@navarra.es

Correspondence: Dr. Jesús Castilla. Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra. Leyre, 15. 31003 Pamplona. Navarra. España.
, José Manuel Lorenzob, Ana Izquierdoc, María Eugenia Lezaund, Irene Lópeze, Conchi Moreno-Iribasa, Domingo Nuñezc, Milagros Peruchad, Cleopatra R’kaina Liesfie, Daniel Zulaikab
a Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, España
b Plan de Sida del País Vasco, San Sebastián, España
c Servicio de Epidemiología de Canarias, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
d Servicio de Epidemiología de La Rioja, Logroño; España
e Consejería de Sanidad y Bienestar Social, Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta, España
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        "resumen" => "<span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To describe the characteristics and trends of newly diagnosed HIV-infections&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We analysed all newly diagnosed HIV-infections among residents of the Canary Islands&#44; Ceuta&#44; La Rioja&#44; Navarre and the Basque Country &#40;Spain&#41; between 2000 and 2004&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In total&#44; 1&#44;807 HIV-infections &#8211;74&#46;4 per million inhabitants&#44; per year&#8211;were diagnosed&#46; The heterosexual transmission category was the most frequent &#40;48&#46;6&#37;&#41;&#44; followed by that of homo&#47;bisexual men &#40;23&#46;0&#37;&#41; and injecting drug users &#40;IDU&#41; &#40;22&#46;5&#37;&#41;&#46; From 2000 to 2004&#44; the rate of new diagnoses of HIV infection decreased by 29&#46;8&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;0001&#41;&#46; The rate of diagnoses of infections acquired by IDU diminished by 58&#46;5&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;0001&#41;&#44; and the rate of infections associated with homo&#47;bisexual practices in men descended by 33&#46;9&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;0318&#41;&#46; Nevertheless&#44; the rate of diagnoses of infections by heterosexual transmission has not undergone significant changes&#46; In the period 2002-2004&#44; 28&#46;7&#37; of cases were diagnosed in foreigners&#44; but the rate of diagnoses in the population of non-Spanish origin diminished by 24&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;0534&#41;&#46; 39&#46;7&#37; of HIV diagnoses were delayed &#40;with CD4 &#60; 200 cells&#47;microlitre or coinciding with the diagnosis of AIDS&#41;&#46; This situation was less frequent in women &#40;odds ratio &#61; 0&#46;5&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;001&#41; and increased with age amongst people over 30&#46; The proportion of delayed diagnoses reached a maximum in 2001 &#40;47&#46;5&#37;&#41; and then declined until 2004 &#40;38&#46;6&#37;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#46;022&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Although none of the analysed indicators evolved unfavourably&#44; it is important to insist on the prevention of sexual transmission&#44; the early diagnosis of HIV infection&#44; and the need to adapt preventive activities and focus them on people from other countries&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Describir las caracter&#237;sticas y tendencias de los nuevos diagn&#243;sticos de infecci&#243;n por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana &#40;VIH&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se analizaron los nuevos diagn&#243;sticos del VIH entre los residentes en Canarias&#44; Ceuta&#44; La Rioja&#44; Navarra y Pa&#237;s Vasco desde 2000 hasta 2004&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se diagnosticaron 1&#46;807 infecciones&#44; 74&#44;4 por mill&#243;n de habitantes y a&#241;o&#46; Predomin&#243; la categor&#237;a de transmisi&#243;n heterosexual &#40;48&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#44; seguida por la homosexual&#47;bisexual &#40;23&#44;0&#37;&#41; y la de usuarios de drogas por v&#237;a parenteral &#40;UDVP&#41;&#40;22&#44;5&#37;&#41;&#46; Entre 2000 y 2004&#44; la tasa de diagn&#243;sticos del VIH ha disminuido un 29&#44;8&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; La tasa de diagn&#243;sticos de infecciones de la categor&#237;a de UDVP disminuy&#243; un 58&#44;5&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; y&#44; en hombres&#44; la de infecciones de la categor&#237;a homosexual&#47;bisexual se redujo un 33&#44;9&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;0318&#41;&#46; La tasa de diagn&#243;sticos de infecciones de la categor&#237;a heterosexual no ha presentado cambios significativos&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En el per&#237;odo 2002-2004&#44; el 28&#44;7&#37; de los casos correspond&#237;a a extranjeros&#44; pero la tasa de diagn&#243;sticos en personas de otros pa&#237;ses disminuy&#243; un 24&#37; &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;0534&#41;&#46; El 39&#44;7&#37; de los diagn&#243;sticos del VIH fueron tard&#237;os &#40;con CD4 &#60; 200 c&#233;lulas&#47;&#956;l o coincidiendo con el sida&#41;&#46; Esta situaci&#243;n fue menos frecuente en mujeres &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">odds ratio</span> &#61; 0&#44;5&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; y aument&#243; con la edad a partir de 30 a&#241;os&#46; La proporci&#243;n de diagn&#243;sticos tard&#237;os alcanz&#243; el m&#225;ximo en 2001 &#40;47&#44;5&#37;&#41; y disminuy&#243; hasta 2004 &#40;38&#44;6&#37;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;022&#41;&#46;</p></span> <span><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aunque ninguno de los indicadores analizados ha evolucionado desfavorablemente&#44; se debe insistir en la prevenci&#243;n de la transmisi&#243;n sexual&#44; en el diagn&#243;stico precoz de la infecci&#243;n por el VIH y en la adaptaci&#243;n de estas actividades a personas de otros pa&#237;ses&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
    ]
    "NotaPie" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "etiqueta" => "&#9734;"
        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">The Spanish version of this article in available in the electronic edition of GACETA SANITARIA &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.doyma.es/gs">www&#46;doyma&#46;es&#47;gs</a>&#41;&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
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        0 => array:1 [
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                      "titulo" => "Guidelines for national human immunodeficiency virus case surveillance&#44; including monitoring for human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome"
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                        0 => array:2 [
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                          "etal" => false
                        ]
                      ]
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                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
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                      "titulo" => "HIV reporting in western Europe&#58; national systems and first European data"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Infuso"
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              "identificador" => "bib8"
              "etiqueta" => "8&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Evoluci&#243;n del n&#250;mero de nuevos diagn&#243;sticos de infecci&#243;n por el VIH en Asturias&#44; Navarra y La Rioja"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
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                            0 => "C&#46; Moreno"
                            1 => "I&#46; Huerta"
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                      "autores" => array:1 [
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                            0 => "C&#46; Moreno-Iribas"
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            ]
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                0 => array:2 [
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                    0 => array:2 [
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                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Zulaika"
                            1 => "K&#46; Aguirrebengoa"
                            2 => "A&#46; And&#237;a"
                            3 => "J&#46; Arrizabalaga"
                            4 => "J&#46;M&#46; Bustillo"
                            5 => "M&#46;M&#46; C&#225;mara"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
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                  ]
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                        "fecha" => "2004"
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                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15104976"
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                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib11"
              "etiqueta" => "11&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:1 [
                  "referenciaCompleta" => "Centre d&#8217;estudis epidemiol&#242;gics sobre el VIH&#47;sida de Catalunya &#40;CEESCAT&#41;&#46; Sistema Integrat de Vigil&#224;ncia Epidemiol&#242;gica del VIH&#47;sida a Catalunya &#40;SIVES&#41;&#59; 2004&#46; Document t&#232;cnic n&#46;&#176; 17&#46;"
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib12"
              "etiqueta" => "12&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Epidemiolog&#237;a de la infecci&#243;n por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana &#40;VIH&#41; en la provincia de Salamanca &#40;1985-2002&#41;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Gonz&#225;lez-Celador"
                            1 => "A&#46; Sacrist&#225;n-Salgado"
                            2 => "L&#46;F&#46; Valero"
                            3 => "M&#46;C&#46; S&#225;enz-Gonz&#225;lez"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
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                        "fecha" => "2004"
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                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib13"
              "etiqueta" => "13&#46;"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Ja&#233;n"
                            1 => "J&#46; Casabona"
                            2 => "A&#46; Esteve"
                            3 => "J&#46;M&#46; Mir&#243;"
                            4 => "C&#46; Tural"
                            5 => "E&#46; Ferrer"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
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                        "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin &#40;Barc&#41;"
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                ]
              ]
            ]
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              "etiqueta" => "14&#46;"
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                0 => array:2 [
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                    0 => array:2 [
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                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Teira"
                            1 => "I&#46; Su&#225;rez-Lozano"
                            2 => "P&#46; Mu&#241;oz"
                            3 => "P&#46; Viciana"
                            4 => "F&#46; Lozano"
                            5 => "M&#46;J&#46; Galindo"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin"
                        "fecha" => "2005"
                        "volumen" => "23"
                        "paginaInicial" => "213"
                        "paginaFinal" => "217"
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                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15826546"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
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                    0 => array:2 [
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                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "V&#46; Castilla"
                            1 => "J&#46;C&#46; Alberdi"
                            2 => "C&#46; Barros"
                            3 => "J&#46; G&#243;mez"
                            4 => "G&#46; Gaspar"
                            5 => "J&#46; Sanz"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
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                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
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                0 => array:2 [
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