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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La acumulaci&#243;n de factores de riesgo en los pacientes atendidos en el hospital es uno de los elementos que condicionan el aumento de la infecci&#243;n nosocomial y su mayor frecuencia en las unidades de cuidados intensivos &#40;UCI&#41;&#46; Nuestro objetivo es la identificaci&#243;n de los factores de riesgo de la infecci&#243;n nosocomial en la UCI de nuestro hospital&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se efectu&#243; un estudio de cohortes prospectivo sobre los 1&#46;134 pacientes ingresados&#44; al menos durante 24 h en dicha UCI durante el a&#241;o 2001&#46; El seguimiento de los pacientes prosigui&#243; 48 h tras el alta del paciente de la unidad&#46; Los factores de riesgo se identificaron mediante un an&#225;lisis multivariable de regresi&#243;n de Cox&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los factores de riesgo intr&#237;nsecos integrantes del modelo son el diagn&#243;stico principal que motiv&#243; el ingreso del paciente en la unidad&#44; la presencia de traumatismo craneoencef&#225;lico y la insuficiencia renal&#46; Las t&#233;cnicas invasivas que se asocian de forma independiente a la infecci&#243;n nosocomial son&#44; de mayor a menor riesgo&#44; el sondaje urinario&#44; la traqueostom&#237;a&#44; la ventilaci&#243;n mec&#225;nica&#44; la inserci&#243;n de un cat&#233;ter de Swan-Ganz y la nutrici&#243;n parenteral&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Si bien la mayor fuerza de asociaci&#243;n se encuentra entre los factores de riesgo end&#243;genos&#44; ya que son poco modificables&#44; habr&#225; que orientar las propuestas de mejora hacia los siguientes factores ex&#243;genos&#58; ventilaci&#243;n mec&#225;nica&#44; traqueostom&#237;a&#44; sondaje urinario&#44; cat&#233;ter de Swan-Ganz y nutrici&#243;n parenteral&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The accumulation of risk factors in hospitalized patients is one of the elements contributing to the increase in the frequency of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit &#40;ICU&#41;&#46; Our aim was to identify nosocomial infection risk factors in the ICU of our hospital&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We performed a prospective cohort study of 1134 patients admitted to the ICU for at least 24 hours in 2001&#46; The patients were followed-up for 48 hours after leaving the ICU&#46; Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify risk factors&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The intrinsic risk factors identified were the principal diagnosis motivating admission to the ICU&#44; traumatic brain injury and renal insufficiency&#46; Invasive techniques that were independently associated with nosocomial infection &#40;from high to low risk&#41; were urinary catheter&#44; tracheostomy&#44; mechanical ventilation&#44; Swan-Ganz catheter&#44; and total parenteral nutrition&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Although endogenous risk factors&#44; which cannot be modified&#44; represented the most important associated factors&#44; steps to reduce nosocomial infections should concentrate on the following exogenous risk factors&#58; urinary catheter&#44; tracheostomy&#44; mechanical ventilation&#44; Swan-Ganz catheters&#44; and total parenteral nutrition&#46;</p>"
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Factores que influyen sobre la aparición de infecciones hospitalarias en los pacientes de cuidados intensivos
Factors influencing hospital infection in patients in the intensive care unit
Aurora Llanos-Méndeza, Carmen Díaz-Molinaa,b,
Autor para correspondencia
carmen.diaz.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es

Correspondencia: Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía. Avda. Menéndez Pidal, s/n. 14004 Córdoba. España.
, José Luis Barranco-Quintanaa, Visitación García-Ortúzara, Rafael Fernández-Crehuetaa,b
a Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía. Córdoba
b Cátedra de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Facultad de Medicina. Universidad de Córdoba. Córdoba. España
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La acumulaci&#243;n de factores de riesgo en los pacientes atendidos en el hospital es uno de los elementos que condicionan el aumento de la infecci&#243;n nosocomial y su mayor frecuencia en las unidades de cuidados intensivos &#40;UCI&#41;&#46; Nuestro objetivo es la identificaci&#243;n de los factores de riesgo de la infecci&#243;n nosocomial en la UCI de nuestro hospital&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">M&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se efectu&#243; un estudio de cohortes prospectivo sobre los 1&#46;134 pacientes ingresados&#44; al menos durante 24 h en dicha UCI durante el a&#241;o 2001&#46; El seguimiento de los pacientes prosigui&#243; 48 h tras el alta del paciente de la unidad&#46; Los factores de riesgo se identificaron mediante un an&#225;lisis multivariable de regresi&#243;n de Cox&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los factores de riesgo intr&#237;nsecos integrantes del modelo son el diagn&#243;stico principal que motiv&#243; el ingreso del paciente en la unidad&#44; la presencia de traumatismo craneoencef&#225;lico y la insuficiencia renal&#46; Las t&#233;cnicas invasivas que se asocian de forma independiente a la infecci&#243;n nosocomial son&#44; de mayor a menor riesgo&#44; el sondaje urinario&#44; la traqueostom&#237;a&#44; la ventilaci&#243;n mec&#225;nica&#44; la inserci&#243;n de un cat&#233;ter de Swan-Ganz y la nutrici&#243;n parenteral&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Si bien la mayor fuerza de asociaci&#243;n se encuentra entre los factores de riesgo end&#243;genos&#44; ya que son poco modificables&#44; habr&#225; que orientar las propuestas de mejora hacia los siguientes factores ex&#243;genos&#58; ventilaci&#243;n mec&#225;nica&#44; traqueostom&#237;a&#44; sondaje urinario&#44; cat&#233;ter de Swan-Ganz y nutrici&#243;n parenteral&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The accumulation of risk factors in hospitalized patients is one of the elements contributing to the increase in the frequency of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit &#40;ICU&#41;&#46; Our aim was to identify nosocomial infection risk factors in the ICU of our hospital&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We performed a prospective cohort study of 1134 patients admitted to the ICU for at least 24 hours in 2001&#46; The patients were followed-up for 48 hours after leaving the ICU&#46; Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify risk factors&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The intrinsic risk factors identified were the principal diagnosis motivating admission to the ICU&#44; traumatic brain injury and renal insufficiency&#46; Invasive techniques that were independently associated with nosocomial infection &#40;from high to low risk&#41; were urinary catheter&#44; tracheostomy&#44; mechanical ventilation&#44; Swan-Ganz catheter&#44; and total parenteral nutrition&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Although endogenous risk factors&#44; which cannot be modified&#44; represented the most important associated factors&#44; steps to reduce nosocomial infections should concentrate on the following exogenous risk factors&#58; urinary catheter&#44; tracheostomy&#44; mechanical ventilation&#44; Swan-Ganz catheters&#44; and total parenteral nutrition&#46;</p>"
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Información del artículo
ISSN: 02139111
Idioma original: Español
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