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Responsabilidad por una práctica médica inadecuada: una perspectiva económica
Liability for medical malpractice: an economic approach
M. Carles
Autor para correspondencia
mcl@fcee.urv.es

Correspondencia: Departamento de Economía. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad Rovira i Virgili. Avda. Universidad, 1. Reus. Tarragona. España.
Departamento de Economía. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Universidad Rovira i Virgili. Reus. Tarragona. España
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        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los cambios en la organizaci&#243;n de las instituciones sanitarias y el incremento del n&#250;mero de denuncias por mala praxis de los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os han puesto de relieve la necesidad de estudiar el concepto de responsabilidad m&#233;dica y su repercusi&#243;n en la provisi&#243;n de asistencia sanitaria&#46; Hasta el momento&#44; el debate se ha centrado b&#225;sicamente en los aspectos legales&#46; Sin embargo&#44; falta discutir sus implicaciones econ&#243;micas&#46;</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Este trabajo revisa las investigaciones que han realizado un an&#225;lisis econ&#243;mico del tema&#46; En primer lugar&#44; examinamos las que introducen paulatinamente los conceptos de incertidumbre&#44; aversi&#243;n al riesgo o riesgo moral&#46; Posteriormente&#44; en el entorno sanitario&#44; prestamos especial atenci&#243;n a los modelos que incluyen nuevos argumentos en la funci&#243;n objetivo de los profesionales o&#44; cuando existe informaci&#243;n asim&#233;trica&#44; a los que plantean un problema de negociaci&#243;n&#46; Por &#250;ltimo&#44; consideramos el mercado de seguros de responsabilidad sanitaria&#44; y en este apartado vemos c&#243;mo la variable reputaci&#243;n&#44; o la posibilidad de ejercer una medicina defensiva&#44; influyen en la provisi&#243;n de asistencia sanitaria&#46;</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Nuestro an&#225;lisis sugiere que&#44; debido a las caracter&#237;sticas del mercado sanitario&#44; deben utilizarse los modelos propuestos por la econom&#237;a de la informaci&#243;n en el an&#225;lisis econ&#243;mico formal&#44; pero conviene plantear hip&#243;tesis alternativas para adaptar dichos modelos a la especificidad de los distintos sistemas sanitarios&#46;</p>"
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        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In recent years&#44; changes in the organization of healthcare institutions and the increased number of medical malpractice claims have revealed the need to study the concept of medical responsibility and the repercussion of these changes on healthcare provision&#46; To date&#44; discussion has focussed on legal aspects and economic implications have been largely ignored&#46;</p><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The present article reviews studies that have performed an economic analysis the subject&#46; Firstly&#44; we examine studies that gradually introduce the concepts of uncertainty&#44; risk aversion and moral hazard&#46; Secondly&#44; in the healthcare environment&#44; we pay particular attention to models that include new arguments on professionals&#39; objective duties or to bargaining models when there is asymmetric information&#46; Finally&#44; we consider the medical malpractice insurance market and investigate how reputation and the possibilities of exercising defensive medicine influence healthcare provision&#46;</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Our analysis suggests that&#44; due to the characteristics of the healthcare market&#44; the models proposed by the economy of information are very useful for performing economic analyses of liability in medical malpractice&#46; However&#44; alternative hypotheses also need to be formulated so that these models can be adapted to the specific characteristics of different health systems&#46;</p>"
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ISSN: 02139111
Idioma original: Español
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