Análisis comparado del impacto de las políticas impositivas vía precio en el consumo de tabaco
J. Pinilla
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jpinilla@empresariales.ulpgc.es
Correspondencia: Jaime Pinilla Domínguez. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos en Economía y Gestión. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Campus de Tafira, s/n. 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Correspondencia: Jaime Pinilla Domínguez. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos en Economía y Gestión. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Campus de Tafira, s/n. 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
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"apellidos" => "de Manuel" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J.D. de Luna" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.D." "apellidos" => "de Luna" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0213911102719511?idApp=WGSE" "url" => "/02139111/0000001600000005/v1_201310251655/S0213911102719511/v1_201310251655/es/main.assets" ] "es" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Análisis comparado del impacto de las políticas impositivas vía precio en el consumo de tabaco" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "425" "paginaFinal" => "435" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "J. Pinilla" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Pinilla" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "jpinilla@empresariales.ulpgc.es" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "entidad" => "Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia: Jaime Pinilla Domínguez. Departamento de Métodos Cuantitativos en Economía y Gestión. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Campus de Tafira, s/n. 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria." ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2002-02-13" "fechaAceptado" => "2002-06-18" "PalabrasClave" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec268838" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Impuestos sobre el tabaco" 1 => "Demanda de tabaco/cigarrillos" 2 => "Adicción" 3 => "Políticas de control del tabaquismo" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resumen</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En este trabajo se analiza cómo el aumento de los impuestos afecta a la demanda de productos derivados del tabaco, en especial a la demanda de cigarrillos. El análisis comparado de los estudios revisados demuestra que las subidas en los impuestos sobre el tabaco se traducen en un aumento de los precios de estos productos. La elasticidad precio de la demanda de cigarrillos en países de ingreso medio y bajo resulta el doble que la de los países de ingresos altos, alrededor de –0,4. Además, y como señal de la naturaleza adictiva de este tipo de consumo, esta demanda se presenta más elástica en el largo que en el corto plazo. El efecto de una subida en los impuestos del tabaco es mayor en los jóvenes, más sensibles a los precios que los fumadores adultos. La evidencia empírica para el caso español sitúa la elasticidad precio de la demanda de cigarrillos a corto plazo en un intervalo que oscila entre –0,5 y –0,3, similar a los encontrados en la bibliografía internacional. Estos datos no ofrecen perspectivas optimistas sobre la potencialidad de las medidas fiscales como herramienta de control del tabaquismo, más allá de sus efectos recaudatorios y compensadores de externalidades. Además, si se consideran las posibilidades de sustituciones entre marcas y el margen estratégico de la industria para compensar los efectos de los impuestos, reducir las demandas y alentar el contrabando, el panorama se presenta todavía más pesimista.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Summary</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This paper analyzes the extent to which an increase in tobacco taxes affects the demand for tobacco products, especially for cigarettes. Comparison of the studies reviewed revealed that higher tobacco taxes result in higher tobacco prices. The price-elasticity of cigarette demand in low-and middleincome countries is about double that in high-income countries, about –0.4. Furthermore, because of the addictive nature of tobacco use, demand for tobacco products is more elastic in the long run than in the short run. The effect of higher tobacco taxes is greater on the young, among whom demand is more sensitive to price than among adults. The empirical evidence for Spain estimates the price elasticity of cigarette demand in the short run to be in the range of –0.5 to –0.3, a result which is similar to other studies. These results do not suggest that tax policy is an effective tool for tobacco control, although taxes are useful for their revenue generating potential and for compensating the external costs generated by tobacco consumption. Furthermore, when the possibilities of substitutions among brands and the strategies of the tobacco industry to compensate for the effects of taxes (lowering prices and encouraging cigarette smuggling) are considered, the panorama is even more pessimistic</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:48 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Tratamiento fiscal de los factores de riesgo para la salud y del gasto sanitario: revisión y propuestas de reforma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G. López Casasnovas" 1 => "E. Martínez" 2 => "D. 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| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 5 | 6 | 11 |
| 2024 Octubre | 49 | 33 | 82 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 35 | 26 | 61 |
| 2024 Agosto | 47 | 28 | 75 |
| 2024 Julio | 33 | 16 | 49 |
| 2024 Junio | 42 | 19 | 61 |
| 2024 Mayo | 40 | 34 | 74 |
| 2024 Abril | 29 | 16 | 45 |
| 2024 Marzo | 49 | 39 | 88 |
| 2024 Febrero | 41 | 46 | 87 |
| 2024 Enero | 31 | 26 | 57 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 31 | 28 | 59 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 23 | 19 | 42 |
| 2023 Octubre | 26 | 15 | 41 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 30 | 16 | 46 |
| 2023 Agosto | 34 | 16 | 50 |
| 2023 Julio | 47 | 15 | 62 |
| 2023 Junio | 30 | 9 | 39 |
| 2023 Mayo | 42 | 16 | 58 |
| 2023 Abril | 36 | 15 | 51 |
| 2023 Marzo | 27 | 34 | 61 |
| 2023 Febrero | 24 | 18 | 42 |
| 2023 Enero | 16 | 28 | 44 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 37 | 24 | 61 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 42 | 45 | 87 |
| 2022 Octubre | 26 | 42 | 68 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 22 | 23 | 45 |
| 2022 Agosto | 39 | 63 | 102 |
| 2022 Julio | 28 | 43 | 71 |
| 2022 Junio | 29 | 35 | 64 |
| 2022 Mayo | 34 | 41 | 75 |
| 2022 Abril | 35 | 29 | 64 |
| 2022 Marzo | 28 | 36 | 64 |
| 2022 Febrero | 36 | 52 | 88 |
| 2022 Enero | 27 | 29 | 56 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 21 | 46 | 67 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 24 | 40 | 64 |
| 2021 Octubre | 33 | 42 | 75 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 21 | 46 | 67 |
| 2021 Agosto | 21 | 26 | 47 |
| 2021 Julio | 26 | 26 | 52 |
| 2021 Junio | 23 | 30 | 53 |
| 2021 Mayo | 27 | 20 | 47 |
| 2021 Abril | 66 | 48 | 114 |
| 2021 Marzo | 39 | 23 | 62 |
| 2021 Febrero | 20 | 10 | 30 |
| 2021 Enero | 19 | 14 | 33 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 13 | 16 | 29 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 16 | 14 | 30 |
| 2020 Octubre | 17 | 26 | 43 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 17 | 10 | 27 |
| 2020 Agosto | 16 | 21 | 37 |
| 2020 Julio | 17 | 14 | 31 |
| 2020 Junio | 15 | 4 | 19 |
| 2020 Mayo | 11 | 7 | 18 |
| 2020 Abril | 16 | 14 | 30 |
| 2020 Marzo | 22 | 6 | 28 |
| 2020 Febrero | 15 | 18 | 33 |
| 2020 Enero | 19 | 12 | 31 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 30 | 13 | 43 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2019 Octubre | 11 | 7 | 18 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 9 | 13 | 22 |
| 2019 Agosto | 9 | 7 | 16 |
| 2019 Julio | 11 | 4 | 15 |
| 2019 Junio | 5 | 13 | 18 |
| 2019 Mayo | 10 | 11 | 21 |
| 2019 Abril | 8 | 5 | 13 |
| 2019 Marzo | 7 | 13 | 20 |
| 2019 Febrero | 9 | 13 | 22 |
| 2019 Enero | 9 | 19 | 28 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 5 | 17 | 22 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 8 | 14 | 22 |
| 2018 Octubre | 34 | 33 | 67 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 18 | 15 | 33 |
| 2018 Agosto | 14 | 17 | 31 |
| 2018 Julio | 23 | 17 | 40 |
| 2018 Junio | 20 | 19 | 39 |
| 2018 Mayo | 19 | 7 | 26 |
| 2018 Abril | 20 | 11 | 31 |
| 2018 Marzo | 9 | 5 | 14 |
| 2018 Febrero | 20 | 9 | 29 |
| 2018 Enero | 10 | 1 | 11 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 18 | 11 | 29 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 12 | 17 | 29 |
| 2017 Octubre | 14 | 15 | 29 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 14 | 16 | 30 |
| 2017 Agosto | 11 | 10 | 21 |
| 2017 Julio | 14 | 18 | 32 |
| 2017 Junio | 56 | 17 | 73 |
| 2017 Mayo | 33 | 12 | 45 |
| 2017 Abril | 34 | 19 | 53 |
| 2017 Marzo | 24 | 18 | 42 |
| 2017 Febrero | 13 | 4 | 17 |
| 2017 Enero | 9 | 8 | 17 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 29 | 10 | 39 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 15 | 7 | 22 |
| 2016 Octubre | 28 | 13 | 41 |
| 2016 Septiembre | 23 | 12 | 35 |
| 2016 Agosto | 31 | 12 | 43 |
| 2016 Julio | 11 | 5 | 16 |
| 2015 Diciembre | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Noviembre | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Septiembre | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 Agosto | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 Julio | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Junio | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2015 Mayo | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| 2015 Abril | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2015 Marzo | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 2015 Febrero | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2015 Enero | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2014 Diciembre | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2014 Noviembre | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 2014 Octubre | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2014 Septiembre | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2014 Agosto | 7 | 4 | 11 |
| 2014 Julio | 7 | 4 | 11 |
| 2014 Junio | 5 | 2 | 7 |
| 2014 Mayo | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2014 Abril | 11 | 2 | 13 |
| 2014 Marzo | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2014 Febrero | 10 | 2 | 12 |
| 2014 Enero | 9 | 3 | 12 |
| 2013 Diciembre | 24 | 2 | 26 |
| 2013 Noviembre | 22 | 2 | 24 |
| 2013 Octubre | 34 | 3 | 37 |
| 2013 Septiembre | 24 | 6 | 30 |
| 2013 Agosto | 28 | 5 | 33 |
| 2013 Julio | 29 | 1 | 30 |
| 2002 Agosto | 1497 | 0 | 1497 |
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