Concentraciones de compuestos tóxicos persistentes en la población española: el rompecabezas sin piezas y la protección de la salud pública
Concentrations of persistent toxic compounds in the Spanish population: a puzzle without pieces and the protection of public health
M. Portaa,b,
, M. Kogevinasa,b, E. Zumetaa, J. Sunyera,c, N. Ribas-Fitóa, Grupo de Trabajo sobre Compuestos Tóxicos Persistentes y Salud del IMIM *
Autor para correspondencia
mporta@imim.es
Correspondencia: Prof. M. Porta. Instituto Municipal de Investigación Médica. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. Dr. Aiguader, 80. 08003 Barcelona.
Correspondencia: Prof. M. Porta. Instituto Municipal de Investigación Médica. Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. Dr. Aiguader, 80. 08003 Barcelona.
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Dr. Aiguader, 80. 08003 Barcelona." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Concentrations of persistent toxic compounds in the Spanish population: a puzzle without pieces and the protection of public health" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2001-12-18" "fechaAceptado" => "2002-02-23" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec268876" "palabras" => array:10 [ 0 => "Compuestos tóxicos persistentes" 1 => "Agentes químicos ambientales" 2 => "Compuestos organoclorados" 3 => "DDT" 4 => "DDE" 5 => "Policlorobifenilos" 6 => "Dioxinas" 7 => "Hexaclorobenceno" 8 => "Lindano" 9 => "Convenio de Estocolmo" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec268877" "palabras" => array:11 [ 0 => "Persistent toxic compounds" 1 => "Persistent organicpollutants (POPs)" 2 => "Organochlorine compounds" 3 => "Environment/ chemistry" 4 => "DDT" 5 => "DDE" 6 => "Polychlorinated biphenyls" 7 => "Dioxins" 8 => "Hexachlorobenzene" 9 => "Lindane" 10 => "Stockholm treaty" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La contaminación por compuestos tóxicos persistentes (CTP) de la población general es un hecho relevante desde una perspectiva de salud pública. Es, asimismo, importante para el sistema sanitario asistencial y para las políticas ambientales, alimentarias, industriales y económicas.</p><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Aunque en España los conocimientos sobre la contaminación de los alimentos por CTP presentan grandes vacíos temporales y geográficos, aún es menor la información sobre sus concentraciones en las personas: no existe ningún estudio representativo de una población general sana efectuado en una zona geográfica amplia. Los estudios disponibles indican que un 80-100% de la población tiene concentraciones detectables de DDE, policlorobifenilos, hexaclorobenceno o lindano. En España el número de estudios sobre los efectos que los CTP tienen en las personas es todavía más exiguo. Los estudios internacionales sugieren que dosis de algunos CTP por debajo de las que normalmente se consideran «seguras» pueden causar efectos biológicos y clínicos relevantes. Los mecanismos de acción no comprenden sólo la disrupción endocrina. La valoración de la significación clínica y social del espectro de efectos más sutiles y con períodos de latencia mayores de los CTP presenta interesantes retos y oportunidades.</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">España y otros países europeos sufren un déficit de indicadores poblacionales sobre el impacto que los procesos ambientales tienen en la salud humana. Los distintos ámbitos de la Administración deben monitorizar los valores biológicos de los CTPs y valorar sus posibles riesgos para la salud.</p><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Junto con más de cien otros países, próximamente España intentará implementar el Tratado sobre los Contaminantes Orgánicos Persistentes (Convenio de Estocolmo). Ello constituye un nuevo motivo para desarrollar programas más eficientes de vigilancia y control de los residuos de los CTP en alimentos, humanos y medio ambiente. Como parte de la aplicación del Convenio, es necesario iniciar un informe pe-doméstiriódico sobre los factores que condicionan las concentraciones internas de CTP en la población general española.</p>" ] "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Summary" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The contamination by persistent toxic compounds (PTCs) of the general population is a fact of relevance from a public health perspective. It is also relevant to health care professionals, as well as for environmental, food, industrial and economic policies.</p><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Though in Spain information on food contamination by PTCs shows large time and geographic gaps, the scarcity of data is even moren severe on the concentrations that PTCs have in people: a representative study of a general healthy population living in a wide geographic area has never been conducted in the country. However, the available studies indicate that around 80-100% of the population has detectable concentrations of DDE, PCBs, hexachlorbenzene or lindane. Studies on the effects that PTCs have upon humans are extremely infrequent in Spain. Yet, the international literature suggests that some PTCs may induce significant biological and clinical effects at doses below those tradicionally deemed “safe”. The mechanism of action of PTCs are not restricted to endocrine disruption. Assessing the clinical and social relevance of the more subtle and long-term effects of PTCs presents interesting challenges and opportunities.</p><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Spain and other European countries lack population indicators on the impact that environmental processes have on human health. Several government levels have a role to fulfill in the monitoring of biological levels of PTCs among persons in order to assess the risks of adverse health effects.</p><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Along with over a hundred other countries. Spain will soon try to implement the Stockholm treaty on persistent organic pollutants (POPs). This constitutes a new opportunity to develop more efficient policies to control PTC residues in food, humans and the enviroment. As part of the treaty implementation it is necessary to launch a Report on factors that influence body concentrations of PTCs in the Spain general population.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "*" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Formado asimismo por Laura Ruiz, Manuel Jariod, Jesús Vioque, Juan Alguacil, Piedad Martín, Núria Malats y Daniel Ayude.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:61 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Perspectivas en disrupción endocrina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "N. Olea" 1 => "M.F. Fernández" 2 => "P. Areque" 3 => "F. 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| año/Mes | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 Noviembre | 12 | 3 | 15 |
| 2024 Octubre | 81 | 41 | 122 |
| 2024 Septiembre | 51 | 23 | 74 |
| 2024 Agosto | 86 | 40 | 126 |
| 2024 Julio | 46 | 20 | 66 |
| 2024 Junio | 45 | 22 | 67 |
| 2024 Mayo | 64 | 22 | 86 |
| 2024 Abril | 52 | 15 | 67 |
| 2024 Marzo | 52 | 24 | 76 |
| 2024 Febrero | 60 | 43 | 103 |
| 2024 Enero | 41 | 16 | 57 |
| 2023 Diciembre | 37 | 22 | 59 |
| 2023 Noviembre | 34 | 10 | 44 |
| 2023 Octubre | 29 | 12 | 41 |
| 2023 Septiembre | 36 | 19 | 55 |
| 2023 Agosto | 30 | 14 | 44 |
| 2023 Julio | 48 | 24 | 72 |
| 2023 Junio | 45 | 16 | 61 |
| 2023 Mayo | 30 | 16 | 46 |
| 2023 Abril | 38 | 26 | 64 |
| 2023 Marzo | 39 | 35 | 74 |
| 2023 Febrero | 21 | 17 | 38 |
| 2023 Enero | 32 | 36 | 68 |
| 2022 Diciembre | 41 | 47 | 88 |
| 2022 Noviembre | 36 | 33 | 69 |
| 2022 Octubre | 57 | 31 | 88 |
| 2022 Septiembre | 34 | 31 | 65 |
| 2022 Agosto | 40 | 49 | 89 |
| 2022 Julio | 31 | 36 | 67 |
| 2022 Junio | 33 | 39 | 72 |
| 2022 Mayo | 35 | 33 | 68 |
| 2022 Abril | 53 | 36 | 89 |
| 2022 Marzo | 53 | 38 | 91 |
| 2022 Febrero | 52 | 37 | 89 |
| 2022 Enero | 40 | 39 | 79 |
| 2021 Diciembre | 38 | 37 | 75 |
| 2021 Noviembre | 37 | 35 | 72 |
| 2021 Octubre | 24 | 33 | 57 |
| 2021 Septiembre | 29 | 38 | 67 |
| 2021 Agosto | 11 | 24 | 35 |
| 2021 Julio | 15 | 22 | 37 |
| 2021 Junio | 20 | 26 | 46 |
| 2021 Mayo | 21 | 24 | 45 |
| 2021 Abril | 30 | 40 | 70 |
| 2021 Marzo | 47 | 32 | 79 |
| 2021 Febrero | 16 | 14 | 30 |
| 2021 Enero | 17 | 15 | 32 |
| 2020 Diciembre | 23 | 16 | 39 |
| 2020 Noviembre | 13 | 20 | 33 |
| 2020 Octubre | 16 | 19 | 35 |
| 2020 Septiembre | 14 | 10 | 24 |
| 2020 Agosto | 14 | 14 | 28 |
| 2020 Julio | 18 | 10 | 28 |
| 2020 Junio | 16 | 6 | 22 |
| 2020 Mayo | 14 | 13 | 27 |
| 2020 Abril | 22 | 20 | 42 |
| 2020 Marzo | 13 | 29 | 42 |
| 2020 Febrero | 43 | 41 | 84 |
| 2020 Enero | 14 | 18 | 32 |
| 2019 Diciembre | 15 | 11 | 26 |
| 2019 Noviembre | 10 | 4 | 14 |
| 2019 Octubre | 13 | 24 | 37 |
| 2019 Septiembre | 13 | 5 | 18 |
| 2019 Agosto | 15 | 8 | 23 |
| 2019 Julio | 13 | 3 | 16 |
| 2019 Junio | 9 | 9 | 18 |
| 2019 Mayo | 9 | 9 | 18 |
| 2019 Abril | 7 | 10 | 17 |
| 2019 Marzo | 9 | 8 | 17 |
| 2019 Febrero | 10 | 6 | 16 |
| 2019 Enero | 14 | 8 | 22 |
| 2018 Diciembre | 7 | 17 | 24 |
| 2018 Noviembre | 43 | 12 | 55 |
| 2018 Octubre | 51 | 29 | 80 |
| 2018 Septiembre | 37 | 29 | 66 |
| 2018 Agosto | 26 | 12 | 38 |
| 2018 Julio | 25 | 17 | 42 |
| 2018 Junio | 28 | 20 | 48 |
| 2018 Mayo | 19 | 16 | 35 |
| 2018 Abril | 23 | 14 | 37 |
| 2018 Marzo | 13 | 9 | 22 |
| 2018 Febrero | 18 | 6 | 24 |
| 2018 Enero | 17 | 3 | 20 |
| 2017 Diciembre | 15 | 8 | 23 |
| 2017 Noviembre | 18 | 13 | 31 |
| 2017 Octubre | 10 | 12 | 22 |
| 2017 Septiembre | 15 | 10 | 25 |
| 2017 Agosto | 12 | 7 | 19 |
| 2017 Julio | 22 | 16 | 38 |
| 2017 Junio | 30 | 8 | 38 |
| 2017 Mayo | 29 | 6 | 35 |
| 2017 Abril | 33 | 12 | 45 |
| 2017 Marzo | 21 | 3 | 24 |
| 2017 Febrero | 8 | 4 | 12 |
| 2017 Enero | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2016 Diciembre | 32 | 4 | 36 |
| 2016 Noviembre | 29 | 10 | 39 |
| 2016 Octubre | 21 | 16 | 37 |
| 2016 Septiembre | 20 | 9 | 29 |
| 2016 Agosto | 34 | 12 | 46 |
| 2016 Julio | 24 | 13 | 37 |
| 2016 Marzo | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 Diciembre | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Septiembre | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Agosto | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Julio | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Mayo | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 Abril | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 Marzo | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 2015 Febrero | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 Enero | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 2014 Diciembre | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2014 Noviembre | 6 | 0 | 6 |
| 2014 Octubre | 7 | 0 | 7 |
| 2014 Septiembre | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| 2014 Agosto | 27 | 0 | 27 |
| 2014 Julio | 22 | 0 | 22 |
| 2014 Junio | 27 | 0 | 27 |
| 2014 Mayo | 16 | 0 | 16 |
| 2014 Abril | 19 | 0 | 19 |
| 2014 Marzo | 14 | 0 | 14 |
| 2014 Febrero | 14 | 2 | 16 |
| 2014 Enero | 18 | 1 | 19 |
| 2013 Diciembre | 31 | 2 | 33 |
| 2013 Noviembre | 36 | 2 | 38 |
| 2013 Octubre | 52 | 1 | 53 |
| 2013 Septiembre | 20 | 4 | 24 |
| 2013 Agosto | 32 | 3 | 35 |
| 2013 Julio | 32 | 3 | 35 |
| 2002 Mayo | 3163 | 0 | 3163 |
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