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"resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La enfermedad neumocócica es una causa frecuente de morbilidad y mortalidad entre la población infantil. La reciente autorización de la vacuna conjugada heptavalente ha incrementado el interés científico que suscita esta enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las características epidemiológicas y clínicas, así como la evolución de esta enfermedad invasiva en la población infantil de la Comunidad Valenciana.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Método</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los datos se han obtenido de las historias clínicas de los niños menores de 15 años, con aislamiento del neumococo, atendidos en todos los hospitales públicos de la Comunidad Valenciana durante el período 1996-2000. La evolución de la incidencia se valoró mediante la comparación de tasas, los signos clínicos y su evolución (secuelas y letalidad) mediante la evaluación de la frecuencia y su distribución por edades.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se registró un total de 127 casos, lo que representa un promedio de tasa anual de 3,89/105 habitantes en los menores de 15 años y de 20,14 en los menores de 2 años. Presentaron antecedentes de problemas de salud un 29,1% de los pacientes. Las manifestaciones clínicas predominantes fueron sepsis/bacteriemia (38%), neumonía (31%) y meningitis (24%). Al alta, presentaban secuelas 10 niños, de los que el 75% eran menores de 2 años. Fallecieron 8 niños (letalidad del 6,3%).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En nuestro medio, durante el período estudiado, la infección neumocócica se presenta sobre todo en los niños menores de 2 años, así como en los mayores de esta edad con antecedentes de problemas de salud. En estos últimos se ha encontrado una mayor mortalidad. Sería conveniente introducir la enfermedad neumocócica en el Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica, lo que nos permitiría disponer de estimaciones más precisas de su evolución epidemiológica y valorar si la vacuna conjugada es la solución a los problemas que plantea esta bacteria en la actualidad.</p>"
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"resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Pneumococcal disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children. The recent authorization of the heptavalent conjugate vaccine has increased interest in this disease. The objective of this study was to identify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of this disease, as well as its outcome in the pediatric population of the Autonomous Community of Valencia.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Method</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Data were obtained from the medical records of children aged less than 15 years who were positive for pneumococcus isolation on admission to hospital between 1996 and 2000. All the public hospitals of the Autonomous Community of Valencia were included. Changes in incidence were evaluated by comparing rates and outcomes (sequelae and lethality) through frequency and age distribution.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">One hundred twenty-seven cases were registered, giving a mean annual rate of 3.89/105 inhabitants aged less than 15 years. The rate was 20.14 in children aged less than 2 years. A total of 29.1% of the children had previous health problems. The main clinical manifestations included sepsis/ bacteremia (38%), pneumonia (31%) and meningitis (24%). At discharge sequelae were present in 10 children, 75% of whom were aged less than 2 years. Eight children died (6.3% lethality).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">In the period and region studied, pneumococcal infection was present mainly in children aged less than 2 years and in those with previous health problems. In the last few years, mortality has increased. Thus, inclusion of pneumococcal disease in the epidemiological surveillance system would be appropriate to achieve more precise estimations of its epidemiological patterns and to determine whether the conjugate vaccine represents a solution to the problems currently associated with this bacteria.</p>"
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