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    "textoCompleto" => "<p class="elsevierStylePara"> Jueves 2 de Octubre &#47; Thursday 2&#44; October<br></br> 18&#58;00&#58;00 a&#47;to 19&#58;30&#58;00</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"> Moderador&#47;Chairperson&#58;<br></br> Salvador de Mateo</p><hr></hr><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">214 IMPACTO Y CARACTER&#205;STICAS EPIDEMIOL&#211;GICAS DE UN PICO EPID&#201;MICO DE SALMONELOSIS</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"> Concha Castells Carrillo&#44; Visitacion De Castro Laiz&#44; Marilo Goiri Zabala&#44; Eva Alonso Fustel&#44; Joseba Bidaurrazaga Van-Dierdonck&#44; Nerea Muniozguren Agirre&#44; Carmen Estefania Villanueva&#44; Jose Luis Rodriguez Murua&#44; Rosa Aurora Santamaria Zuazua</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Unidad de Vigilancia Epidemiologica&#44; Direccion Territorial de Sanidad de Bizkaia&#44;</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Introducci&#243;n&#58;</span> El n&#250;mero de aislamientos de Salmonella notificados al Sistema de Informaci&#243;n Microbiol&#243;gica &#40;SIM&#41; en Bizkaia subi&#243; paulatinamente de 604 en el a&#241;o 1997 a 1&#46;585 en 2002&#46; En este contexto&#44; en los meses de septiembre y octubre de 2002 se produce un pico epid&#233;mico de salmonelosis por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; enteritidis</span> detectado tanto por el aumento de los brotes notificados como por el de los casos declarados al SIM&#46; A la vista de esta situaci&#243;n decidimos realizar una encuesta epidemiol&#243;gica a los pacientes con an&#225;lisis positivos a <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; enteritidis</span> en estos dos meses&#44; con el objeto de conocer las caracter&#237;sticas epidemiol&#243;gicas y cl&#237;nicas de los mismos&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">M&#233;todos&#58;</span> Estudio descriptivo de los casos de salmonelosis por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S&#46; enteritidis</span> durante los meses de septiembre y octubre de 2002 en Bizkaia&#46; Se dise&#241;&#243; una encuesta epidemiol&#243;gica que recog&#237;a informaci&#243;n sobre fecha de inicio&#44; s&#237;ntomas&#44; duraci&#243;n&#44; ingreso en centro hospitalario y d&#237;as de baja laboral&#46; Se recog&#237;a asimismo informaci&#243;n relativa a h&#225;bitos alimentarios&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Resultados&#58;</span> De los 334 pacientes registrados no localizamos a 110 &#40;33&#37;&#41;&#44; la mayor&#237;a de ellos porque los datos de filiaci&#243;n eran incorrectos&#46; Cinco casos no responden a la encuesta&#44; 2 no eran casos y 2 hab&#237;an fallecido&#46; Realizamos&#44; por tanto&#44; 215 encuestas&#44; lo que supone el 64&#37; del total&#46; El 54&#37; de los pacientes encuestados eran mujeres y el grupo de edad con mayor n&#250;mero de casos fue el de menos de 15 a&#241;os&#44; &#40;el grupo de 15 a 39 a&#241;os presentaba tambi&#233;n una afectaci&#243;n importante&#41;&#46; La curva epid&#233;mica de inicio de s&#237;ntomas de los casos presentaba una distribuci&#243;n bimodal&#44; con un primer pico en la segunda semana de septiembre y un segundo pico en la primera y segunda semanas de octubre&#46; Ingresan en un centro hospitalario 57 pacientes &#40;26 &#37;&#41;&#44; con una estancia media de 5 d&#237;as&#46; 55 pacientes han dejado de trabajar durante 718 jornadas laborales con una media de 13 d&#237;as de baja&#46; Del total de casos encuestados&#44; 84 &#40;39 &#37;&#41; ocurrieron en el contexto de un brote mientras que el resto cursaron de forma espor&#225;dica&#46; Se han identificado 48 brotes de los cuales s&#243;lo conoc&#237;amos 8&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conclusiones&#58;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">1&#41;</span> Durante los meses de septiembre y octubre de 2002 se produjo en Bizkaia un pico epid&#233;mico de salmonelosis&#44; en un contexto de aumento mantenido de la endemia por salmonelosis&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">2&#41;</span> El impacto en salud de este pico epid&#233;mico ha sido muy importante&#46; S&#243;lo para el 67&#37; de los casos que hemos podido entrevistar contabilizamos m&#225;s de 2&#46;000 d&#237;as de enfermedad&#44; con 273 d&#237;as de estancia hospitalaria y 718 jornadas laborales perdidas&#46; Dos pacientes han fallecido en los d&#237;as posteriores al diagn&#243;stico de su salmonelosis&#44; por lo que&#44; aunque desconocemos la causa del fallecimiento&#44; podr&#237;amos aproximarnos a una letalidad del 0&#44;6&#37;&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">215 BRUCELLOSIS OUTBREAK RELATED TO UNPASTEURIZED GOAT CHEESE IN ANDALUSIA &#40;SPAIN&#41;&#44; JANUARY - MARCH 2002</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"> Camila M&#233;ndez<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>&#44; Adela P&#225;ez<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#44; Manuel Cort&#233;s-Blanco<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#44; Emilio Salmoral<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#44; Elena Mohedano<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#44; Carlos Plata<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span>&#44; Antonio Varo<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span>&#44; Ferr&#225;n Mart&#237;nez<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>PEAC-Service of Epidemiology Sevilla- Sur&#44; Sevilla&#44;Spain&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>PEAC&#44; National Center of Epidemiology&#44; Instituto de Salud Carlos III&#44; Madrid&#44; Spain&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>Service of Epidemiology Montilla-Lucena-Cabra&#44; Cordoba&#44;Spain&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleSup"> 4</span>Service of Microbiology Hospital Infanta Margarita&#44; Cordoba&#44; Spain&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span>Service of Epidemiology&#46; Provincial Delegation Cordoba&#44; Cordoba&#44; Spain&#46;</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Background&#58;</span> In Spain&#44; brucellosis is the most common zoonosis&#44; even though the annual incidence rate has been steadily decreasing since 1984&#44; with 20 cases per 100&#46;000 inhabitants to 2&#46;34 in 2001&#46; Extremadura and Andalusia are the regions with the highest incidence&#58; 7&#46;17 and 6&#46;06 respectively in 2001&#46; From January to March 2002&#44; four brucellosis cases were notified in close municipalities in Andalusia&#46; An investigation was initiated in order to identify the origin of the outbreak and the risk factors&#44; with the ultimate goal of implementing control measures&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Methods&#58;</span> A case-control study was conducted&#46; Case was defined as an individual who developed brucellosis symptoms&#44; with positive results of serology and&#47;or blood culture&#44; resident in the epidemic territory between January1st to March31st 2002&#46; Three controls per case were randomly selected among outpatients companions visiting the Health Center&#44; excluding persons with any symptom compatible with brucellosis&#46; The odds ratio were ascertained for all the factors&#58; contact and&#47;or ingestion of raw milk and unpasteurized cheese from infected animals&#46; Goat samples &#40;milk and different tissues&#41; from the farmhouse suspicious of elaborating unpasteurized cheeses were investigated&#44; as well as clinical and cheese specimens&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Results&#58;</span> Eleven cases were identified&#58; nine suspects and two confirmed&#46; Ingestion of unpasteurized cheese was a risk factor with an OR of 21&#46;6 &#40;CI95&#37; 1&#46;6-639&#46;8&#41;&#46; Unpasteurized goat cheese produced in a farmhouse located in the epidemic area was associated with the disease&#44; with an OR of 37&#46;4 &#40;CI95&#37; 3&#46;2-2201&#46;2&#41;&#46; An extra animal disease eradication campaign was conducted in April 2002&#44; where 26 goats and 2 ewes were positive&#44; and slaughtered in May&#46; Of several samples taken for serotyping&#44; Brucella-mellitensis-serotype was identified in goats infected tissue and milk and from the blood specimens&#46; All samples were serotyped in one laboratory&#46; The farmhouse&#39;s herd got infected with brucellosis probably in October 2001&#44; after an enlargement of the herd size&#46; The first animal disease eradication campaign after this event took place in November&#46;Milk production in this farmhouse had exceeded the European Union quota before the end of the year&#46; Before the laboratory tests results were available&#44; cheeses were elaborated with the surplus milk&#44; without previous pasteurisation since it impairs ripening&#46; As production was on a small scale&#44; the distribution was only local&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conclusions&#58;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a&#41;</span> Brucella-mellitensis-serotype 3 was identified as the causal agent&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">b&#41;</span> The vehicle was unpasteurized cheese elaborated in the farmhouse located in the epidemic area&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">c&#41;</span> Surplus of the EU production quota assigned to this farm could have favoured the occurrence of the outbreak&#46; Preventive measures stopped the outbreak and included withdrawal of infectious cheeses&#44; alert of Town-Councils and a animal disease eradication campaign in the incriminated farmhouse&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">216 OUTBREAK OF SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS IN A THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY OF DRUG ADDICTS IN SPAIN&#46; DECEMBER 2001 - JANUARY 2002</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"> Camila Mendez<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>&#44; Rafael Mar&#237;n<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#44; Francisco Villagran<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#44; Marcelino Garc&#237;a<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#44; Margarita Cort&#233;s <span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#44; Ferr&#225;m Mart&#237;nez<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>PEAC-Service of Epidemiology Sevilla- Sur&#44; Sevilla&#44; Seville&#44; Spain&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>Primary Care Health Area&#46; Seville-Sur&#44; Seville&#44; Spain&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>Headquarter of Health&#46; Seville&#44; Seville&#44; Spain&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span>National Epidemiology Center&#44; Instituto de Salud Carlos III&#44; Madrid&#46;</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Background&#58;</span> On 02&#47;01&#47;2002&#44; an outbreak of enterocolitis among residents of a therapeutic-community was notified to Alert-System&#46; The ex-drug-addicts have all their meals in the center preparing all their food by themselves&#46; An investigation was started in order to identify the causes of the outbreak&#44; the risk-factors and the vehicle&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Method&#58;</span> A retrospective cohort-study was conducted between participants of the dinner 31 December in the community&#46; Cases were defined as any participants-dinner who developed enterocolitis between 1st and 2nd January&#46; Relative Risk &#40;RR&#41; and the attributable fraction &#40;AF&#41; were analysed for the consumed food-items&#46; Doses-response was calculated by Cox regression&#46; The facilities were inspected&#44; the process of food-handling was analysed&#46; Faecal samples were taken from all food-handlers and ill community-members as well as of the surface of kitchen utensils&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Results&#58;</span> Twelve sick persons were identified&#58; eight suspects and four confirmed&#46;&#40;50- participants-dinner&#41;&#46; Boiled-egg was a RR of 7&#46;50 &#40;95&#37; IC 1&#46;83-30&#46;68&#41;&#44; an AF of 86&#46;67&#46; A dose response association was found with number of boiled-eggs consumed &#40;RR 1&#47;2 egg &#61;1&#46;27 95&#37; IC 0&#46;11-14&#46;08&#59; RR1egg &#61; 34&#46;25 95&#37; IC 6&#46;46-181&#46;38&#59; RR 1 y 1&#47;2 egg RR&#61; 62&#46;82 95&#37; IC 8&#46;73-481&#46;79&#41;&#46; The faecal samples identified a healthy carrier of salmonella enteritidis among the food-handlers who had prepared the boiled-eggs&#46; The same strain was isolated in samples from the ill community members and the surface of a vessel&#46; Boiled-eggs were conserved at environment temperature for five hours after preparation&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conclusions&#58;</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a&#41;</span> Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis was identified as the causal agent&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">b&#41;</span> The reservoir was a healthy carrier&#44; handling-food without following the recommended hygienic measures&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">c&#41;</span> The food vehicle was boiled-egg contaminated by the carrier&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">d&#41;</span> The bacterial growth was favored by food-conservation at environment temperature&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">217 EVALUACI&#211;N DE LA CALIDAD DEL SISTEMA DE ALERTAS EN LA PROVINCIA DE ALMER&#205;A EN UN PER&#205;ODO DE DIEZ A&#209;OS&#46; PROPUESTAS DE MEJORA DE LA INFORMACI&#211;N</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"> Porfirio Mar&#237;n<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>&#44; Pilar Barroso<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#44; M&#46; Angeles Lucerna<span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>&#44; Tesif&#243;n Parr&#243;n<span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span>&#44; Loreto Cuenca<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>Secci&#243;n Epidemiolog&#237;a&#44; Delegaci&#243;n Provincial de Salud&#44; Almer&#237;a&#44; Espa&#241;a&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>Secci&#243;n Epidemiolog&#237;a&#44; Distrito Sanitario Levante Alto Almanzora&#44; Almer&#237;a&#44; Espa&#241;a&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span>Servicio de Medicina Preventiva&#44; Hospital La Inmaculada&#44; Almer&#237;a&#44; Espa&#241;a&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleSup"> 4</span>Servicio de Salud&#44; Delegaci&#243;n Provincial de Salud&#44; Almer&#237;a&#44; Espa&#241;a&#46;</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Antecedentes y objetivos&#58;</span> En Andaluc&#237;a se establece en el a&#241;o 1992&#44; una normativa para Alertas Epidemiol&#243;gicas&#46; Con el Decreto 66&#47;1996 se constituye el Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiol&#243;gica en dicha Comunidad &#40;SVEA&#41;&#46; La Consejer&#237;a de Salud establece en el 2002 unos indicadores de evaluaci&#243;n de calidad de las alertas &#40;sensibilidad&#44; comunicaci&#243;n e intervenci&#243;n&#41;&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Objetivos planteados&#58;</span> Evaluar las alertas totales y las Toxiinfecciones Alimentarias &#40;TIA&#41; declaradas en la provincia de Almer&#237;a&#44; en el per&#237;odo 1992-2002&#44; mediante indicadores de sensibilidad&#44; y establecer propuestas de mejora de la calidad del sistema&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">M&#233;todos&#58;</span> Estudio observacional descriptivo&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic"> Poblaci&#243;n de estudio&#58;</span> Alertas declaradas en el per&#237;odo 1992-2002&#46; Variables&#58; Alertas notificadas&#44; tipos de alertas&#44; TIA declaradas&#44; n&#250;mero de afectados en alertas y TIA&#44; n&#250;mero de hospitalizados en alertas y TIA&#44; Distrito Sanitario&#44; &#225;mbito de ocurrencia de las TIA&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Fuentes de informaci&#243;n&#58;</span> SVEA&#44; programas inform&#225;ticos de alertas y TIA&#44; informes de brotes y otras alertas&#46; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic"> An&#225;lisis de datos&#58;</span> Estudio descriptivo de las variables anteriores en dicho per&#237;odo y c&#225;lculo de indicadores de sensibilidad &#40;tasas de alertas por provincia y por Distritos Sanitarios&#44; media de afectados por alerta y TIA&#44; porcentaje de hospitalizados&#44; porcentaje de TIA detectadas en el &#225;mbito domiciliario&#41;&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Resultados&#58;</span> En el per&#237;odo analizado se han estudiado 328 alertas&#44; el a&#241;o con mayor n&#250;mero es el 2001 &#40;13&#44;7&#37;&#41;&#46; De las cuales 209 corresponden a TIA &#40;63&#44;7&#37;&#41;&#46; La mayor tasa de alertas en la provincia corresponde al a&#241;o 2001 &#40;8&#44;68&#41;&#44; por Distritos Sanitarios&#44; el del Levante Alto Almanzora es el que presenta mayor tasa &#40;14&#44;23&#41; en el mismo a&#241;o&#46; Con respecto a las TIA&#44; la mayor tasa provincial corresponde tambi&#233;n al a&#241;o 2001 &#40;5&#44;21&#41;&#44; y por Distritos&#44; igualmente el del Levante es el que presenta una tasa m&#225;s elevada &#40;12&#44;45&#41;&#46; La media de afectados por alerta es de 11&#44;8 y en las TIA es de 9&#44;5&#46; El porcentaje de hospitalizados por alerta es de 12&#44;3&#37; y el de TIA es de 16&#44;8&#37;&#46; El porcentaje de TIA en &#225;mbito domiciliario es de 57&#44;4&#37;&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conclusiones&#58;</span> El estudio ha permitido evaluar la calidad del sistema de alertas mediante indicadores de sensibilidad&#46; Las tasas de alertas y TIA anuales superan ligeramente el promedio de Andaluc&#237;a&#46; En cuanto a las tasas por Distritos las del Levante son superiores a la media provincial&#44; sobre todo en los &#250;ltimos 6 a&#241;os&#46; Se considera que la media de afectados por alerta y TIA&#44; se encuentra en torno a la andaluza&#46; El porcentaje de hospitalizados es variable en el per&#237;odo de estudio&#44; y el de alertas detectadas en el &#225;mbito domiciliario coincide en general con el de Andaluc&#237;a&#46; Es necesario seguir mejorando la calidad del sistema de alertas &#40;demora de comunicaci&#243;n&#44; informes finales&#44;&#46;&#46;&#46;&#41;&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">218 WATERBORNE OUTBREAK AMONG SPANISH TOURIST IN A HOLIDAY RESORT IN DOMINICAN REPUBLIC AUGUST 2002</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"> P&#225;ez Jim&#233;nez Adela&#42;&#44; Mart&#237;nez de Arag&#243;n Maria Victoria&#42;&#44; Hernandez Pezzi Gloria&#42;&#42;&#44; De Mateo Onta&#241;on Salvador&#42;&#42;&#44; Mart&#237;nez Navarro Ferran&#42;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#42;PEAC&#44; CNE&#44; ISCIII&#44; Madrid&#46; &#42;&#42;Vigilancia Epidemiol&#243;gica&#44; CNE&#44; ISCIII&#44; Madrid&#46;</span></p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Introduction&#58;</span> In September 2002&#44; an outbreak of gastroenteritis among persons who stayed at the same holiday resort in Dominican Republic during August 2002 was notified to the National Centre of Epidemiology &#40;CNE&#41;&#46; The cases had travelled to the resort on different dates&#46; Entamoeba hystolitica cysts had been identified by stool microscopy among several persons who sought medical attention in Dominican Republic&#46; The CNE informed the Dominican Republic Health Authorities and conduct an epidemiological investigation in coordination with seven Regional Epidemiology Services&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Method&#58;</span> A retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine the magnitude of the event and potential risk factors for development of illness&#46; 685 persons from Spain have been visiting the hotel from the 02&#47;08&#47;02 to 14&#47;08&#47;02&#46; A randomised sampling was done using Epiinfo&#46; A case was defined as a person having visited the hotel during the epidemic period that develops diarrhoea &#40;equal or greater than three loose stools per day&#41; and abdominal pain and vomiting or fever or chills&#46; Persons were interviewed by telephone using a questionnaire specifically designed and were advised to seek medical attention if they still feel sick&#46; Stool samples were collected and analysed by direct microscopy and culture&#46; The kitchens and the drinking water supply of the affected resort were inspected by the Dominican Republic Health Authorities and several samples from water and food were also analysed&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Results&#58;</span> From the 37 persons interviewed&#44; 12 of them were cases&#46; The attack rate was 32&#37;&#46; Consequently&#44; 216 spanish tourist have probably developed disease&#46; Water consumption from the resort water system was the only risk factor associated with the presence of symptoms &#40;RR&#61; 3&#46;55&#59; IC95&#37;&#61;1&#46;13 - 10&#46;99&#41;&#46; The resort is served by an unique water distribution system and has his own well&#46; Bacteriological cultures of the water and food yielded coliforms&#44; indicating faecal contamination during food manipulation&#46; From the 51 clinical samples tested&#44; three cases were positive to Salmonella and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Aeromonas hydrophila</span> &#40;one case&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Giardia lamblia</span> and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Echinoccocus</span>&#46; There were no cases positive for <span class="elsevierStyleItalic"> Entamoeba histolytica</span>&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Conclusions&#58;</span> The epidemiological evidence confirms the outbreak as due to consumption of water from a contaminated supply system&#46; Faecal specimens from tourist returned from the affected resort revealed multiple pathogens and the sample from the drinking water system confirmed faecal contamination&#46; To avoid similar situations in the future&#44; we recommend to guarantee the use of safe drinking water in the resort&#44; implementing measures to monitorize exhaustively the water quality and to improve hygienic standards for food manipulation and conservation&#46; Since the number of gastrointestinal outbreaks among tourist is currently increasing&#44; there is a need to define a protocol including all the competent authorities&#46;</p>"
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