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"resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El método más utilizado en el cálculo de la supervivencia de los pacientes diagnosticados de cáncer es la supervivencia relativa. Este método tiene en cuenta la estimación de la supervivencia esperada de dichos pacientes a partir de la mortalidad observada en la zona geográfica de la que proceden. Los métodos utilizados con mayor frecuencia en dicha estimación son los de Ederer (I y II) y el método de Hakulinen. Para dichos cálculos es necesaria la disponibilidad de las tables de supervivencia estratificadas por edad y por período de calendario. En este trabajo se presenta un ejemplo en el que se muestra cómo realizar dichos cálculos de tal forma que permitan al investigador decidir qué método es el más adecuado según el tipo de análisis que lleve a cabo. Se mostrará que, si el tiempo de seguimiento de la cohorte es inferior a 10 años, cualquiera de los métodos debería dar resultados similares. Sin embargo, el método recomendable es el de Hakulinen, ya que tiene en cuenta la heterogeneidad en el momento de las censuras debidas a posibles pérdidas de seguimiento o abandonos.</p>"
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"resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Relative survival is the most commonly used method to determine survival in patients diagnosed with cancer. This method takes into account estimation of expected survival in cancer patients based on the observed mortality in the geographical area to which they belong. The most frequently used methods for estimation of expected survival are the Ederer (I and II) and Hakulinen methods. Survival tables for the geographical areas stratified by age and calendar year are required for these calculations. The present article presents an example of how to perform these estimations and how to choose the most appropriate method for the type of analysis to be performed. This article shows that if the follow-up of the cohort is less than 10 years, any of these methods should give similar results. However, the Hakulinen method is preferred, since it accounts for heterogeneity due to potential withdrawals.</p>"
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