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Se ha demostrado que&#44; en la infancia&#44; la exposici&#243;n al HAT se asocia causalmente al s&#237;ndrome de muerte s&#250;bita del lactante&#44; enfermedades respiratorias e infecciones del o&#237;do medio&#44; entre otras<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0190"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La exposici&#243;n al HAT en la infancia es un problema de salud p&#250;blica relevante en todo el mundo&#44; con una prevalencia estimada&#44; en menores de 15 a&#241;os&#44; del 40&#37; en 2004<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0200"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a>&#46; En Espa&#241;a&#44; en 2011&#44; el 6&#44;8&#37; y el 13&#44;8&#37; de los ni&#241;os y ni&#241;as de 0 a 4 a&#241;os y de 5 a 14 a&#241;os&#44; respectivamente&#44; estaban expuestos al HAT en el hogar&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; la prevalencia de exposici&#243;n al HAT en lugares y medios de transporte p&#250;blicos cerrados fue del 1&#44;4&#37;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0205"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46; La exposici&#243;n al HAT en menores suele producirse en los hogares&#44; y es m&#225;s intensa en quienes conviven con m&#225;s de un fumador<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0210"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7&#44;8</span></a>&#44; quienes comparten dormitorio con progenitores fumadores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0220"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> y quienes pertenecen a familias con un nivel socioecon&#243;mico m&#225;s desfavorecido<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10&#8211;12</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los s&#237;ntomas respiratorios relacionados con el asma est&#225;n entre los problemas de salud m&#225;s frecuentes en la infancia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0240"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13</span></a>&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; se ha demostrado que dichos s&#237;ntomas se presentan con mayor frecuencia y gravedad en ni&#241;os y ni&#241;as expuestas al HAT &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">odds ratio&#58;</span> 2&#44;7&#59; intervalo de confianza del 95&#37; &#91;IC95&#37;&#93;&#58;1&#44;1-6&#44;8&#41;&#93;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0245"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">14</span></a>&#46; Sin embargo&#44; en nuestro pa&#237;s ning&#250;n estudio ha analizado la asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT y el asma y las sibilancias en menores de 12 a&#241;os teniendo en cuenta el nivel socioecon&#243;mico&#44; ni ha analizado otros indicadores de salud&#44; como la salud percibida&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue analizar la asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT en menores de 12 a&#241;os de Espa&#241;a y el asma&#44; las sibilancias y la mala salud percibida seg&#250;n la edad del ni&#241;o o ni&#241;a y el nivel de estudios sus los progenitores&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0070">M&#233;todo</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; un estudio transversal en una muestra representativa de hogares espa&#241;oles con menores de 12 a&#241;os en todo el &#225;mbito nacional&#46; El tama&#241;o muestral fue de 2411 hogares&#44; siendo proporcional por comunidad aut&#243;noma&#44; tama&#241;o de municipio de residencia&#44; sexo y edad del&#47;de la menor&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El contacto de los&#47;las participantes se realiz&#243; mediante tel&#233;fonos m&#243;viles &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>773&#41; y tel&#233;fonos fijos &#40;n<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1638&#41; seleccionados aleatoriamente&#46; Se seleccionaron los hogares donde viv&#237;a al menos un&#47;una menor de 12 a&#241;os y se escogi&#243; a la persona del hogar que deb&#237;a responder la encuesta &#40;preferentemente la madre&#44; el padre o persona tutora&#41;&#46; La selecci&#243;n de hogares se realiz&#243; de manera proporcional seg&#250;n estratos de comunidad aut&#243;noma y tama&#241;o de municipio&#44; y rellenando cuotas de edad y sexo del&#47;de la menor para cada estrato&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se administr&#243; un cuestionario telef&#243;nico sobre exposici&#243;n al HAT dise&#241;ado a partir de un cuestionario utilizado en estudios previos orientado a medir la exposici&#243;n al HAT en adultos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0250"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">15&#44;16</span></a>&#44; que se ampli&#243; y adapt&#243; a la poblaci&#243;n infantil&#46; Al tratarse de un cuestionario no utilizado previamente en poblaci&#243;n infantil&#44; se realiz&#243; un estudio piloto en 30 hogares&#46; La recogida de datos se hizo mediante entrevista telef&#243;nica asistida por ordenador &#40;CATI&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Computer Assisted Telephone Interview</span>&#41; con un cuestionario dirigido a padres y madres o tutores&#47;as que conviv&#237;an con los&#47;las menores&#46; Las entrevistas fueron realizadas por personal experto previamente entrenado y tuvieron una duraci&#243;n media de 12 minutos&#46; Los datos se recogieron entre octubre y noviembre de 2016&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudio fue aprobado por el Comit&#233; &#201;tico del Parc de Salut Mar &#40;c&#243;digo 2015&#47;6501&#47;I&#41;&#46; Durante las entrevistas se inform&#243; a los participantes del objetivo del estudio y de que pod&#237;an abandonar la entrevista si lo estimaban conveniente&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El cuestionario incluy&#243; una pregunta para cada variable de salud&#58; asma&#44; sibilancias y salud percibida&#46; Padecer asma se determin&#243; mediante la pregunta&#58; &#171;&#191;el&#47;la menor padece o ha padecido alguna vez asma&#63;&#187; &#40;s&#237;&#47;no&#41;&#44; y presentar sibilancias mediante la pregunta &#171;&#191;el&#47;la menor ha tenido sibilancias o pitidos en el pecho alguna vez en los &#250;ltimos 12 meses&#63;&#187; &#40;s&#237;&#47;no&#41;&#46; La variable mala salud percibida se obtuvo a partir de la pregunta sobre c&#243;mo percibe la salud del menor la persona entrevistada&#44; y se dicotomiz&#243; en mala&#44; regular o buena frente a muy buena o excelente&#44; tal como se ha realizado en estudios previos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0260"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">17&#44;18</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La exposici&#243;n al HAT se determin&#243; teniendo en cuenta distintos &#225;mbitos de exposici&#243;n&#44; privados y p&#250;blicos&#46; Para valorar la exposici&#243;n en el hogar se pregunt&#243; si alg&#250;n miembro de la unidad familiar fumaba habitualmente dentro de casa o en exteriores como la terraza o el balc&#243;n&#46; La exposici&#243;n en el coche se determin&#243; a partir del tiempo que el ni&#241;o o ni&#241;a hab&#237;a pasado en un coche particular &#40;ya fuera propio o de otra persona ajena a la unidad familiar&#41; mientras alguien fumaba en la &#250;ltima semana &#40;0<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#47;d&#237;a&#44; &#8804;30<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#47;d&#237;a&#44; 31-60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#47;d&#237;a&#44;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#62;60<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>min&#47;d&#237;a&#44; no lo s&#233;&#41;&#46; Se consider&#243; que el menor estaba expuesto en el coche si se afirmaba haber fumado &#8805;1 minuto&#47;d&#237;a en presencia del&#47;de la menor&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; tambi&#233;n se determin&#243; la exposici&#243;n al HAT en medios de transporte p&#250;blicos&#46; Para ello&#44; se pregunt&#243; si el menor hab&#237;a utilizado alg&#250;n medio de transporte p&#250;blico en el que alguien hubiera fumado &#40;s&#237;&#47;no&#41; y si alguien lo hab&#237;a hecho en la parada o estaci&#243;n &#40;s&#237;&#47;no&#41;&#46; La exposici&#243;n en la escuela o guarder&#237;a se determin&#243; mediante la siguiente pregunta&#58; &#171;Durante la &#250;ltima semana&#44; &#191;alguien ha fumado en la puerta de entrada&#47;salida de la guarder&#237;a o de la escuela del menor en su presencia&#187; &#40;s&#237;&#44; no&#44; no va a la escuela ni a la guarder&#237;a&#44; no lo s&#233;&#41;&#46; Se consider&#243; que hab&#237;a exposici&#243;n si la respuesta era afirmativa&#46; En el caso del tiempo libre fuera de casa&#44; se pregunt&#243; por la exposici&#243;n al HAT en diferentes lugares &#40;bares&#44; cafeter&#237;as&#44; restaurantes o terrazas&#44; centros de ocio&#44; parques&#44; casa de familiares o amigos&#44; u otro sitio&#41; durante la &#250;ltima semana &#40;s&#237;&#44; no&#44; no lo s&#233;&#41;&#46; De forma operativa&#44; se cre&#243; la variable &#171;exposici&#243;n global al HAT&#187; en tres categor&#237;as&#58; 1&#41; expuestos al HAT en el &#225;mbito privado si la respuesta era positiva para alguna de las preguntas de exposici&#243;n en el hogar y en el autom&#243;vil&#59; 2&#41; expuestos al HAT solo en el &#225;mbito p&#250;blico si la respuesta era negativa en el hogar y el coche&#44; y positiva en alguna de las preguntas de transporte p&#250;blico&#44; paradas o estaciones&#44; entrada de la escuela o guarder&#237;a&#44; y tiempo libre fuera de casa&#59; y 3&#41; no expuestos al HAT cuando la respuesta era negativa en todos los &#237;tems&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las variables sociodemogr&#225;ficas analizadas fueron el sexo y la edad del&#47;de la menor&#44; el parentesco con la persona entrevistada&#44; el sexo y la edad del&#47;de la encuestado&#47;a&#44; y el nivel de estudios de la persona que aportaba m&#225;s ingresos al hogar&#46; Asimismo&#44; se consideraron la estructura familiar y el n&#250;mero de menores y de personas fumadoras en el hogar&#46;</p><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se realiz&#243; un an&#225;lisis descriptivo de todas las variables incluidas en el estudio y an&#225;lisis bivariados seg&#250;n sexo&#44; edad del&#47;de la menor y nivel de estudios&#46; Se calcularon frecuencias absolutas&#44; porcentajes y los respectivos IC95&#37;&#46; La comparaci&#243;n de porcentajes se realiz&#243; mediante la prueba de ji al cuadrado&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; se realiz&#243; la prueba de ji al cuadrado de tendencia lineal para los indicadores de salud&#46; Para determinar la relaci&#243;n entre los indicadores de salud y la exposici&#243;n al HAT se realizaron modelos de regresi&#243;n de Poisson con varianza robusta&#46; Se calcularon las razones de prevalencia &#40;RP&#41; y sus respectivos IC95&#37;&#46; Los an&#225;lisis multivariados se hicieron estratificando por grupos de edad &#40;0-5 a&#241;os y 6-11 a&#241;os&#41; y nivel de estudios &#40;estudios secundarios o inferiores y estudios universitarios&#41; y se ajustaron por sexo y edad del&#47;de la menor&#46; Todos los an&#225;lisis se realizaron con el paquete estad&#237;stico STATA v13&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0075">Resultados</span><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a> muestra las caracter&#237;sticas sociodemogr&#225;ficas de la muestra&#46; El 49&#37; eran ni&#241;as&#46; En cuanto a la persona entrevistada&#44; el 61&#44;8&#37; eran mujeres y el 84&#37; ten&#237;a entre 30 y 49 a&#241;os&#46; En el 44&#44;1&#37; de los hogares&#44; la persona con m&#225;s ingresos del hogar ten&#237;a estudios universitarios&#44; el 41&#44;0&#37; estudios secundarios y el 14&#44;9&#37; estudios primarios o sin estudios&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La prevalencia de exposici&#243;n al HAT en menores &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#41; fue del 29&#44;2&#37; en el &#225;mbito privado y del 42&#44;5&#37; en el &#225;mbito p&#250;blico&#46; El 41&#44;8&#37; de los&#47;las menores con padres&#47;madres que ten&#237;an estudios primarios o sin estudios estaban expuestos&#47;as en el &#225;mbito privado y el 34&#44;4&#37; solo en el &#225;mbito p&#250;blico&#46; Estos porcentajes fueron del 31&#44;4&#37; y el 43&#44;0&#37; en el caso de estudios secundarios y del 23&#44;1&#37; y el 44&#44;9&#37; en el caso de estudios universitarios&#44; respectivamente &#40;p &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; la exposici&#243;n al HAT aumentaba ligeramente con la edad en ambos &#225;mbitos&#44; aunque estas diferencias no eran estad&#237;sticamente significativas&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En relaci&#243;n con los indicadores de salud &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0015">tabla 3</a>&#41;&#44; la prevalencia de asma aumentaba con la edad &#40;p de tendencia lineal &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; En el caso de las sibilancias&#44; la prevalencia en las ni&#241;as era del 13&#44;8&#37; &#40;IC95&#37;&#58; 11&#44;8-15&#44;9&#37;&#41; y en los ni&#241;os era del 18&#44;3&#37; &#40;IC95&#37;&#58; 16&#44;2-20&#44;1&#37;&#41;&#44; siendo estas diferencias estad&#237;sticamente significativas&#46; Asimismo&#44; la prevalencia de sibilancias descend&#237;a a medida que aumentaba la edad &#40;p de tendencia lineal &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; Por otro lado&#44; la prevalencia de mala salud percibida disminu&#237;a a medida que aumentaba el nivel de estudios &#40;p de tendencia lineal &#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0015"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0080" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre los&#47;las ni&#241;os&#47;as de 0-5 a&#241;os no se observ&#243; asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT y el asma&#44; las sibilancias y la mala salud percibida &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0020">tabla 4</a>&#41;&#46; En los&#47;las de 6 a 11 a&#241;os con padres&#47;madres con estudios primarios o secundarios&#44; padecer asma &#40;RP ajustada &#91;RPa&#93;&#58; 2&#44;1&#59; IC95&#37;&#58;1&#44;2-3&#44;8&#41; y presentar una mala salud percibida &#40;RPa&#58; 1&#44;6&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;1-2&#44;1&#41; se asoci&#243; positivamente con estar expuesto al HAT en el &#225;mbito privado&#46; Por contra&#44; en los&#47;las de 6-11 a&#241;os con padres&#47;madres con estudios universitarios se observ&#243; una asociaci&#243;n negativa entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT en el &#225;mbito privado y padecer asma &#40;RPa&#58; 0&#44;3&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;1-0&#44;7&#41; y sibilancias &#40;RPa&#58; 0&#44;3&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;1-0&#44;8&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0020"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0080">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0085" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados de este estudio muestran que aproximadamente tres cuartas partes de los&#47;las menores de 12 a&#241;os est&#225;n expuestos&#47;as al HAT en alguno de los &#225;mbitos estudiados&#46; Los ni&#241;os y ni&#241;as con padres&#47;madres con menor nivel de estudios muestran prevalencias m&#225;s altas de exposici&#243;n en el &#225;mbito privado&#46; Asimismo&#44; existe una mayor prevalencia de peor salud percibida entre los&#47;las menores con padres&#47;madres con menor nivel de estudios&#46; No se observa relaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT y la prevalencia de asma&#44; sibilancias y mala salud percibida en ni&#241;os y ni&#241;as de 0 a 5 a&#241;os&#46; En el &#225;mbito privado se observa una asociaci&#243;n positiva entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT y el asma y una peor salud percibida en ni&#241;os y ni&#241;as de 6 a 11 a&#241;os con padres&#47;madres con estudios primarios&#47;secundarios&#44; y una asociaci&#243;n negativa entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT y el asma y las sibilancias en los&#47;las ni&#241;os&#47;as con padres&#47;madres con estudios universitarios&#46;</p><p id="par0090" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las diferencias en la prevalencia de exposici&#243;n al HAT en ni&#241;os&#47;as seg&#250;n el nivel educativo de los progenitores observadas en este estudio son concordantes con los resultados descritos previamente en la revisi&#243;n sistem&#225;tica realizada por Orton et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0225"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&#44; en la que se identific&#243; que un menor nivel educativo y un nivel socioecon&#243;mico m&#225;s desfavorecido se asociaban con una mayor exposici&#243;n al HAT en el hogar&#46; Asimismo&#44; Johansson et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0270"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">19</span></a> mostraron&#44; en un estudio realizado en menores de 4 a 6 a&#241;os&#44; que un menor nivel de estudios de los&#47;las padres&#47;madres se correlacionaba con una menor conciencia de los riesgos de la exposici&#243;n al HAT&#46; Por otra parte&#44; nuestros resultados tambi&#233;n muestran un aumento de la exposici&#243;n al HAT en el &#225;mbito privado a medida que aumenta la edad&#46; Estos resultados son similares a los descritos en un estudio previo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0275"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">20</span></a>&#44; en el que se observaba que determinados comportamientos&#44; como no fumar en presencia de menores o no permitir que se fume en el hogar&#44; son menos frecuentes a medida que los&#47;las ni&#241;os&#47;as crecen&#46;</p><p id="par0095" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En nuestro estudio&#44; la prevalencia de asma autodeclarada aumenta con la edad del&#47;de la menor&#44; mientras que la de sibilancias disminuye&#46; Este resultado podr&#237;a explicarse por la dificultad de establecer un diagn&#243;stico de asma fiable antes de los 5 a&#241;os de edad<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0280"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">21</span></a>&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; cuanto menor es la edad del ni&#241;o o ni&#241;a&#44; mayor es la probabilidad de presencia de sibilancias&#44; habitualmente desencadenadas por virus respiratorios que desaparecer&#225;n en la edad escolar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0285"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">22</span></a>&#46; En nuestro estudio tambi&#233;n observamos que la prevalencia de sibilancias es mayor en los ni&#241;os&#46; Este resultado concuerda con estudios previos que revelan que la prevalencia de sibilancias es mayor entre los ni&#241;os durante la infancia&#44; aunque en la adolescencia esta tendencia se invierte y pasa a ser mayor en el sexo femenino<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0290"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">23&#8211;25</span></a>&#46; Nuestro estudio tambi&#233;n muestra que los&#47;las padres&#47;madres con menor nivel educativo declaran una peor salud percibida del&#47;de la menor&#46; Este resultado tambi&#233;n es concordante con el de estudios previos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0305"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">26&#44;27</span></a> que muestran que las personas adultas con menor nivel educativo tienen una peor salud percibida debido a que este influye en los estilos de vida&#44; el acceso a la atenci&#243;n sanitaria y la exposici&#243;n a ambientes de riesgo&#46;</p><p id="par0100" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En nuestro estudio no hemos encontrado relaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT y los indicadores de salud en menores de 0 a 5 a&#241;os&#46; Por un lado&#44; existe un comportamiento protector de los progenitores para reducir la exposici&#243;n al HAT en sus hijos&#47;as que es m&#225;s latente cuanto menores son estos&#47;as&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; por otro lado&#44; las diferentes comunidades aut&#243;nomas desarrollan en los centros de atenci&#243;n primaria el &#171;Programa del ni&#241;o sano&#187;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0315"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">28</span></a>&#44; que cubre las actividades de promoci&#243;n y prevenci&#243;n de la salud en menores&#44; siendo una de las acciones incluidas la de prevenir el tabaquismo pasivo en la etapa infantil&#46; El hecho de que&#44; debido a estos factores&#44; la intensidad de la exposici&#243;n al HAT fuese menor en este rango de edad&#44; podr&#237;a explicar que no llegara a causar un efecto sobre la salud lo suficientemente evidente como para poder ser observado en un estudio como el nuestro&#46;</p><p id="par0105" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los resultados de este estudio muestran una asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT en el &#225;mbito privado y los indicadores de salud analizados en menores de 6 a 11 a&#241;os&#46; En aquellos&#47;as que tienen padres&#47;madres con un menor nivel educativo&#44; el asma y una peor salud percibida se asocian positivamente con la exposici&#243;n al HAT&#44; mientras que en aquellos&#47;as con padres&#47;madres con estudios universitarios&#44; el asma y las sibilancias se asocian negativamente&#46; Estas diferencias pueden deberse a que los&#47;las padres&#47;madres con un menor nivel educativo podr&#237;an no estar llevando a cabo las acciones preventivas necesarias para minimizar la exposici&#243;n en los&#47;las menores con enfermedades respiratorias&#46; Sin embargo&#44; aquellos&#47;as con mayor nivel educativo evitar&#237;an fumar delante de sus hijos&#47;as&#44; ya que son m&#225;s conscientes del riesgo de la exposici&#243;n al HAT&#46; En este sentido&#44; Ungar et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0320"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">29</span></a> hallaron una asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT y un menor nivel educativo materno en hogares con ni&#241;os&#47;as asm&#225;ticos&#47;as&#46;</p><p id="par0110" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Por &#250;ltimo&#44; no hemos hallado asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT en el &#225;mbito p&#250;blico y los indicadores de salud en menores de 12 a&#241;os&#46; Este resultado podr&#237;a explicarse por la falta de control por parte de los&#47;las padres&#47;madres en relaci&#243;n a la exposici&#243;n al HAT de sus hijos&#47;as en espacios p&#250;blicos&#44; que depende tanto de la normativa de control del tabaquismo como de la conducta de personas ajenas&#46; En la misma l&#237;nea&#44; en el estudio de Mart&#237;n-Pujol A et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0325"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">30</span></a>&#44; realizado en adolescentes de 12 y 13 a&#241;os tras la implementaci&#243;n de la Ley 28&#47;2005&#44; no se hall&#243; asociaci&#243;n entre el asma y la exposici&#243;n al HAT durante el tiempo libre y en los medios de transporte&#46;</p><p id="par0115" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre las limitaciones del estudio se encuentra la utilizaci&#243;n de un cuestionario para determinar la exposici&#243;n al HAT&#44; lo que no permite una medici&#243;n objetiva de exposici&#243;n como podr&#237;a ser la determinaci&#243;n de biomarcadores o de marcadores ambientales&#46; Sin embargo&#44; el uso de encuestas es adecuado para medir la exposici&#243;n al HAT en la poblaci&#243;n<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0330"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">31</span></a>&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; el dise&#241;o del cuestionario se realiz&#243; bas&#225;ndose en cuestionarios previos&#44; tanto nacionales como internacionales&#44; ampliamente utilizados para la determinaci&#243;n de la exposici&#243;n al HAT en distintas poblaciones&#46; Se hizo tambi&#233;n una prueba piloto administrando el cuestionario a 30 hogares con el fin de minimizar sus posibles limitaciones&#46; Asimismo&#44; podr&#237;a existir un sesgo de informaci&#243;n&#44; dado que las personas encuestadas pueden desconocer si los&#47;las menores han estado expuestos cuando no est&#225;n con ellos&#47;as&#46; Tambi&#233;n podr&#237;a existir un posible sesgo de memoria&#44; aunque este se minimiz&#243; al preguntar por la exposici&#243;n al HAT durante la &#250;ltima semana&#46; Por otro lado&#44; el cuestionario no permite identificar aquellos&#47;as ni&#241;os&#47;as que tienen un diagn&#243;stico activo de asma&#44; por lo que podr&#237;a haber una sobreestimaci&#243;n de la prevalencia de asma&#46; Finalmente&#44; al tratarse de un estudio de car&#225;cter transversal&#44; no es posible establecer la direccionalidad de las asociaciones observadas&#46;</p><p id="par0120" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Entre las fortalezas del estudio cabe destacar que se ha realizado en una muestra representativa de la poblaci&#243;n infantil menor de 12 a&#241;os de Espa&#241;a&#46; Asimismo&#44; es el primer estudio que muestra datos de exposici&#243;n al HAT en diversos &#225;mbitos en poblaci&#243;n infantil a nivel nacional&#46; Por &#250;ltimo&#44; los resultados muestran por primera vez la asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT en distintos &#225;mbitos en menores de 12 a&#241;os y el asma&#44; las sibilancias y la salud percibida teniendo en cuenta el nivel educativo de las madres y padres&#46;</p><p id="par0125" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En conclusi&#243;n&#44; la prevalencia de menores expuestos al HAT en el &#225;mbito privado es mayor en aquellos&#47;as con padres&#47;madres con menor nivel de estudios&#46; Adem&#225;s&#44; en menores de 6 a 11 a&#241;os con padres&#47;madres con estudios primarios&#47;secundarios la exposici&#243;n al HAT se asocia positivamente con presentar asma y una mala salud percibida en el &#225;mbito privado&#46; Asimismo&#44; la exposici&#243;n al HAT se asocia negativamente con presentar asma y sibilancias en menores con padres&#47;madres con estudios universitarios&#46; De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos&#44; y tras los logros de las leyes de control de tabaquismo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0335"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">32&#44;33</span></a>&#44; deber&#237;a avanzarse hacia la implementaci&#243;n de intervenciones dirigidas a disminuir la exposici&#243;n al HAT en la infancia&#44; entre las que cabr&#237;a destacar la regulaci&#243;n del consumo de tabaco en coches con menores o la promoci&#243;n de &#171;hogares libres de humo&#187;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0345"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">34&#44;35</span></a>&#44; medidas que ya se han implementado con &#233;xito en diversos pa&#237;ses&#46; Finalmente&#44; teniendo en cuenta las desigualdades sociales observadas en este estudio&#44; ser&#237;a importante incorporar la perspectiva de equidad en todas las intervenciones orientadas a disminuir la exposici&#243;n al HAT en ni&#241;os y ni&#241;as&#46;<elsevierMultimedia ident="tb0005"></elsevierMultimedia></p></span><span id="sec0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0095">Editor responsable del art&#237;culo</span><p id="par0140" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Carlos &#193;lvarez-Dardet&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0100">Declaraci&#243;n de transparencia</span><p id="par0145" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La autora principal &#40;garante responsable del manuscrito&#41; afirma que este manuscrito es un reporte honesto&#44; preciso y transparente del estudio que se remite a <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">Gaceta Sanitaria&#44;</span> que no se han omitido aspectos importantes del estudio&#44; y que las discrepancias del estudio seg&#250;n lo previsto &#40;y&#44; si son relevantes&#44; registradas&#41; se han explicado&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0045" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0105">Contribuciones de autor&#237;a</span><p id="par0150" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">M&#46;J&#46; L&#243;pez y X&#46; Continente dise&#241;aron el estudio&#44; al que contribuyeron todos&#47;as los&#47;las autores&#47;as<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">&#46;</span> P&#46; Lletj&#243;s y T&#46; Arechavala contribuyeron al an&#225;lisis de los datos&#46; Todos&#47;as los&#47;las autores&#47;as contribuyeron a la interpretaci&#243;n de los resultados y a la revisi&#243;n cr&#237;tica del manuscrito&#46; P&#46; Lletj&#243;s redact&#243; la primera versi&#243;n del manuscrito&#44; que fue revisado cr&#237;ticamente por todas las personas firmantes&#44; que aprobaron la versi&#243;n final&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0060" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0110">Agradecimientos</span><p id="par0165" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Agradecemos la colaboraci&#243;n de todos&#47;as los&#47;las participantes que aceptaron formar parte de este estudio&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0050" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0115">Financiaci&#243;n</span><p id="par0155" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este estudio fue parcialmente financiado por el Instituto Carlos III &#40;PN I<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>D<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#43;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>I 2013-2016&#41; y cofinanciado por el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional &#40;FEDER&#41; PI13 &#47; 02734&#46; El estudio tambi&#233;n recibi&#243; el apoyo de la Ag&#232;ncia de Gesti&#243; d&#8217;Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca &#40;AGAUR&#41; de Catalu&#241;a con la subvenci&#243;n 2014 SGR 1373&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0055" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0120">Conflictos de intereses</span><p id="par0160" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Ninguno&#46;</p></span></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0010">Objetivo</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El objetivo principal del estudio es analizar la relaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al humo ambiental de tabaco &#40;HAT&#41; en ni&#241;os&#47;as y el asma&#44; las sibilancias y la salud percibida&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0015">M&#233;todo</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio transversal mediante encuesta telef&#243;nica a una muestra representativa de 2411 menores de 12 a&#241;os de Espa&#241;a&#46; Se describi&#243; la exposici&#243;n al HAT en el &#225;mbito privado y en el &#225;mbito p&#250;blico&#44; as&#237; como la prevalencia de asma&#44; sibilancias y mala salud percibida autodeclaradas&#46; La asociaci&#243;n entre los indicadores de salud y la exposici&#243;n al HAT se analiz&#243; mediante modelos multivariados de regresi&#243;n de Poisson con variancia robusta seg&#250;n edad y nivel de estudios&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0020">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La prevalencia de exposici&#243;n al HAT en menores fue del 29&#44;2&#37; en el &#225;mbito privado y del 42&#44;5&#37; en el &#225;mbito p&#250;blico&#46; No se observ&#243; asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT y el asma&#44; las sibilancias y la mala salud percibida en menores de 5 a&#241;os&#46; En menores de 6-11 a&#241;os con padres&#47;madres con estudios primarios o secundarios&#44; presentar asma &#40;raz&#243;n de prevalencia ajustada &#91;RPa&#93;&#58; 2&#44;1&#59; intervalo de confianza del 95&#37; &#91;IC95&#37;&#93;&#58; 1&#44;2-3&#44;8&#41; y una peor salud percibida &#40;RPa&#58; 1&#44;6&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 1&#44;1-2&#44;1&#41; se asociaron positivamente con la exposici&#243;n al HAT en el &#225;mbito privado&#46; En menores con progenitores o tutores con estudios universitarios se observ&#243; una asociaci&#243;n negativa entre presentar asma &#40;RPa&#58; 0&#44;3&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;1-0&#44;7&#41; y sibilancias &#40;RPa&#58; 0&#44;3&#59; IC95&#37;&#58; 0&#44;1-0&#44;8&#41; y la exposici&#243;n al HAT&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Existen diferencias en la asociaci&#243;n entre la exposici&#243;n al HAT y el asma&#44; las sibilancias y una peor salud percibida seg&#250;n el nivel de estudios&#46; Se deber&#237;an planificar intervenciones con perspectiva de equidad dirigidas a disminuir la exposici&#243;n al HAT en la infancia&#46;</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0025" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Objective</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This study aimed to estimate the association between second-hand smoke &#40;SHS&#41; exposure in children and asthma&#44; wheezing and perceived health&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0030" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Method</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A cross-sectional study based on a telephone survey was performed on a representative sample of 2411 children under 12 years old in Spain&#46; Exposure to SHS in private and public settings&#44; and the prevalence of asthma&#44; wheezing and perceived poor health were described&#46; The association between health indicators and SHS exposure was analyzed using multivariate Poisson regression models with robust variance according to age and educational level&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0035" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0045">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The prevalence of SHS exposure in children was 29&#46;2&#37; in private settings and 42&#46;5&#37; in public settings&#46; There was no association between SHS exposure and asthma&#44; wheezing and perceived poor health in children &#8804;5 years&#46; In children aged 6-11 years with parents with primary&#47;secondary education&#44; presenting asthma &#40;adjusted prevalence ratio &#91;aPR&#93;&#58; 2&#46;1&#59; 95&#37; confidence interval &#91;95&#37;<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">C</span>I&#93;&#58; 1&#46;2-3&#46;8&#41; and worse perceived health &#40;aPR&#58; 1&#46;6&#59; 95&#37;CI&#58; 1&#46;1-2&#46;1&#41; were positively associated with SHS exposure in private settings&#46; In children with parents with university studies&#44; a negative association between SHS exposure and asthma &#40;aPR&#58; &#46;3&#59; 95&#37;CI&#58; 0&#46;1-0&#46;7&#41; and wheezing &#40;aPR&#58; 0&#46;3&#59; 95&#37;CI&#58; 0&#46;1-0&#46;8&#41; was observed&#46;</p></span> <span id="abst0040" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0050">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">There are differences in the association between SHS exposure and asthma&#44; wheezing and poor perceived health according to educational level&#46; Interventions with an equity perspective aimed at reducing SHS exposure in childhood should be implemented&#46;</p></span>"
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Edad &#40;a&#241;os&#41;</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2 a 3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4 a 5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">387&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>6 a 7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>8 a 9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10 a 11&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">451&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Informaci&#243;n del&#47;de la encuestado&#47;a</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Parentesco con el&#47;la menor</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Madre&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">1386&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">57&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Padre&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">873&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">36&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Otros&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">152&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">6&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sexo</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Mujer&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1490&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">61&#44;8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hombre&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">921&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Edad &#40;a&#241;os&#41;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>18 a 29&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">93&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>30 a 39&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">810&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">33&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>40 a 49&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">50&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>50 a 59&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">208&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">8&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>60 o m&#225;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">83&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">3&#44;5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nivel de estudios</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a><span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#44;</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Estudios primarios o sin estudios&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">357&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">14&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Estudios secundarios&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">985&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">41&#44;0&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Estudios universitarios&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1060&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t">44&#44;1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Estructura del hogar</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Estructura familiar</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Biparental&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2198&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">91&#44;2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Monoparental&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">191&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Otra&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">22&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Uno&#47;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">951&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">39&#44;4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Dos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1196&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">49&#44;6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Tres&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">233&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&#44;7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Cuatro o m&#225;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">31&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="3" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">N&#250;mero de fumadores&#47;as en el hogar</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ninguno&#47;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1709&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">70&#44;9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Uno&#47;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">477&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Dos o m&#225;s&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">9&#44;3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Sexo</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ni&#241;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Ni&#241;o&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1163&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">350&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Nivel de estudios</span><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span></a></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Estudios primarios o sin estudios&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">0-5 a&#241;os</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="10" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Estudios primarios&#47;secundarios</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No exposici&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">11 &#40;7&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">23 &#40;16&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">36 &#40;25&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Exposici&#243;n &#225;mbito privado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">16 &#40;8&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1 &#40;0&#44;5-2&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;0 &#40;0&#44;5-2&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">44 &#40;23&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">56 &#40;29&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1 &#40;0&#44;8-1&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1 &#40;0&#44;8-1&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Exposici&#243;n solo &#225;mbito p&#250;blico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">23 &#40;9&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;0&#44;6-2&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;0&#44;6-2&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">59 &#40;25&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">77 &#40;32&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;9-1&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;9-1&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="10" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="10" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Estudios universitarios</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No exposici&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">7 &#40;3&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30 &#40;16&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">42 &#40;23&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Exposici&#243;n &#225;mbito privado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">6 &#40;5&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;4 &#40;0&#44;5-4&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;5-3&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">23 &#40;21&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;8-2&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;0&#44;8-2&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">29 &#40;26&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1 &#40;0&#44;8-1&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1 &#40;0&#44;7-1&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Exposici&#243;n solo &#225;mbito p&#250;blico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">14 &#40;6&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7 &#40;0&#44;7-4&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5 &#40;0&#44;6-3&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">47 &#40;22&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">49 &#40;26&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;0 &#40;0&#44;7-1&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;0 &#40;0&#44;7-1&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="10" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="10" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">6-11 a&#241;os</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="10" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Estudios primarios&#47;secundarios</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No exposici&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">13 &#40;7&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">14 &#40;7&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">39 &#40;21&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Exposici&#243;n &#225;mbito privado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">39 &#40;15&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;2 &#40;1&#44;2-4&#44;0&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&#44;1 &#40;1&#44;2-3&#44;8&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">30 &#40;12&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">83 &#40;33&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;6 &#40;1&#44;1-2&#44;2&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;6 &#40;1&#44;1-2&#44;1&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Exposici&#243;n solo &#225;mbito p&#250;blico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">36 &#40;12&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;8 &#40;0&#44;9-3&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7 &#40;0&#44;9-3&#44;2&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">37 &#40;13&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7 &#40;0&#44;9-3&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;7 &#40;0&#44;9-3&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">82 &#40;28&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;9-1&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;9-1&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="10" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " colspan="10" align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Estudios universitarios</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>No exposici&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">18 &#40;12&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">18 &#40;12&#44;9&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">18 &#40;12&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Ref&#46;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Exposici&#243;n &#225;mbito privado<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;3&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;1-0&#44;7&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;1-0&#44;7&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">4 &#40;3&#44;3&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;1-0&#44;7&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">0&#44;3 &#40;0&#44;1-0&#44;8&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">18 &#40;14&#44;7&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;1 &#40;0&#44;6-2&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;0&#44;6 -2&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Exposici&#243;n solo &#225;mbito p&#250;blico<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">45 &#40;18&#44;8&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;5 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;4&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">36 &#40;15&#44;1&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;0&#44;7-2&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;2 &#40;0&#44;7-2&#44;0&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">49 &#40;50&#44;5&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;6 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&#44;6 &#40;0&#44;9-2&#44;6&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
              ]
              "imagenFichero" => array:1 [
                0 => "xTab2322618.png"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          "notaPie" => array:3 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0055"
              "etiqueta" => "a"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0055">Definida como buena&#47;regular&#47;mala frente a excelente&#47;muy buena&#46;</p>"
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0060"
              "etiqueta" => "b"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0060">Exposici&#243;n al humo ambiental de tabaco en el hogar y en el autom&#243;vil independientemente de estar expuesto en el transporte p&#250;blico&#44; las paradas o las estaciones&#44; la entrada de la escuela o guarder&#237;a&#44; o en el tiempo libre fuera de casa&#46;</p>"
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "tblfn0065"
              "etiqueta" => "c"
              "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0065">Exposici&#243;n al humo ambiental de tabaco en el transporte p&#250;blico&#44; las paradas o las estaciones&#44; la entrada de la escuela o guarder&#237;a&#44; o en el tiempo libre fuera de casa&#46;</p>"
            ]
          ]
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