Journal Information
Vol. 7. Issue 39.
Pages 274-281 (November - December 1993)
Vol. 7. Issue 39.
Pages 274-281 (November - December 1993)
Open Access
Posible Sesgo Anamnésico en un Estudio de Casos y Controles de Displasia Congénita de Cadera
Possible Recall Bias in a Case Control Study on Congenital Dysplasia of the Hip
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Miguel Delgado Rodríguez1,2,*, C. Jiménez Jiménez3, P. Lardelli Claret3, M. López-Moratalla3, R. Gálvez1,2
1 Cátedra de Medicina Preventiva. Facultad de Medicina. Granada
2 Unidad de Epidemiología Clínica. Hospital Virgen de las Nieves. Granada
3 Departamento de Traumatología y Cirugía. Hospital Clínico. Granada
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Resumen
Objetivo

valorar la presenciade un sesgo anamnésico en un estudio de casos y controles sobre displasia congénita de cadera (DCC).

Métodos

se ha realizado un estudio hospitalario de casos y controles. Los casos y controles que presentaran otras malformacioneso hubieran nacido de madres con problemas clínicos durante el embarazo fueron excluidos. Se han recogido 97 casos de DDC y 164 controles. Se valoró el estilo de vida de la madre. Como parámetro de asociación se calcularon razones de ventaja (OR) (crudas y ajustadas por varios factores mediante regresión logística) y sus intervalos de confianza del 95%. Los factores de riesgo se analizaron estratificando por los resultados del signo de Ortolani-Barlow, ya que se entrevistó a las madres después de que éstas conocieran los resultados de la prueba.

Resultados

en las madres de recién nacidos que presentaron un signo positivo de Ortolani-Barlow se observó que la OR para los antecedentes familiares era superior (2,27 versus 1,38). De manera global, en el consumo de alcohol y tabaco, y en el número de controles durante el embarazo se apreció una asociación negativa con la DCC. En estos casos se alcanzaron OR más cercanas al valor nulo en los recién nacidos con una maniobra de Ortolani-Barlow positiva.

Conclusiones

los resultados sugieren la posibilidad de que exista un sesgo anamnésico.

Palabras clave:
Sesgo
Métodos epidemiológicos
Estudio de casos y controles
Defectos congénitos
Summary
Purpose

to ascertain the presence of recall or report bias in a case-control study on congenital dysplasia of the hip (CDH).

Methods

a hospital case-control study was performed. Those cases and controls with other malformations or from mothers with clinical problems were discarded. 97 cases of dysplasia, and 164 ccntrols were collected. Mother’s life style was assessed. Odds ratios (OR) (crude and multiple-factor adjusted by logistic regresión analysis) and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Risk factors were analyzed stratifying by the results of Ortolani-Barlow maneuver, since women were interviewed after knowing these results.

Results

mothers of newborns with a positive Ortolani-Barlow maneuver yielded a higher OR for posit ive family history than those of babies with a negative one (2.27 versus 1.38). Overall smoking and alcohol consumption, and number of health exams during pregnancy yielded a negative association with CDH. In these cases closer-to-the-null ORs were obtained in newborns with positive Ortolani-Barlow.

Conclusions

the presence of a report or recall bias is suggested as one of the possibilities for explaining the results.

Key words:
Bias
Epidemiologic methods
Case-control study
Birth defects
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Copyright © 1993. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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