Journal Information
Vol. 8. Issue 40.
Pages 18-24 (January - February 1994)
Vol. 8. Issue 40.
Pages 18-24 (January - February 1994)
Open Access
Pinchazos Accidentales con Aguja en un Hospital de Tercer Nivel: Factores Asociados
Needlestick Injuries in a Hospital of Specialities: Associated Factors
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Pedro L. Rodero Pérez, Rafael Fernández-Crehuet Navajas*, Diego Martínez de la Concha, Josefa Massa Calles, Carmen Díaz Molina
Servicio de Medicina Preventiva. Hospital Regional Universitario “Reina Sofía” Córdoba
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Resumen

Los pinchazos con aguja son los accidentes laborales más frecuentes en el ámbito hospitalario. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo identificar factores asociados a la accidentabilidad por pinchazo con aguja en el hospital, así como cuantificar el riesgo que los mismos suponen.

Para ello se llevó a cabo un estudio de casos y controles, cuyo sujeto de estudio fue el personal de enfermería del hospital “Reina Sofía” de Córdoba, con un período de estudio que abarcó desde el 30-6-90 al 30-6-91.

El factor más significativamente asociado a pincharse accidentalmente fue encapuchar agujas tras su uso, estimándose el riesgo en 3,95, 7,68 y 17,85 veces más alto entre los que encapuchaban a veces, con frecuencia y siempre, respectivamente, con respecto a los que no encapuchaban nunca. La experiencia profesional resultó ser un factor protector frente a los pinchazos (OR= 0,93, IC 95% = 0,89, 097), estimándose que se pincha menos de la mitad del personal cuando tienen una década de experiencia.

El conocimiento de éste y otros factores es importante para la organización de programas de prevención específicos si bien es necesario identificar más factores de riesgo.

Palabras clave:
Salud laboral
Personal sanitario
Factores de riesgo
Atención hospitalaria
Accidentes
Summary

The needlestikck injuries are the most frequent accidents among hospital staff. The aim of this study is to identify some factors associated with accidents caused by needlestick injuries at hospitals, so as to measure the risk that they present.

A case-control study has been made, the subject of which is the nurses working at “Reina Sofía” Hospital in Córdoba and within the period June, 301990 and June, 30 1991.

A more significant factor in relation to needlestick injuries was the recapping of the needle after being used. The risk of injury being 3.95, 7.68 an 17.85 times higher between those who reccapped sometimes, frequently and always, respectively, versus those who had never recapped needles. Professional experiences resulted in being a protectorfactoragainstthe needlestick injuries (OR= 0.93; 95% Cl = 0.89; 0.97; it's estimated that the risk injuring is less than half among personnel having ten years of experience.

Knowing these risk factors is important for the development of specific prevention programs Nevertheless, it is still important to identify other risk factors.

Key words:
Occupational health
Health personnel
Risk factors
Hospital care
Injuries
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Copyright © 1994. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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