Journal Information
Vol. 20. Issue 3.
Pages 202-208 (May - June 2006)
Vol. 20. Issue 3.
Pages 202-208 (May - June 2006)
Originales
Open Access
La violencia contra la mujer en la pareja. Un estudio en el ámbito de la atención primaria
Intimate partner violence. A survey conducted in the primary care setting
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Isabel Ruiz-Péreza,
Corresponding author
isabel.ruiz.easp@juntadeandalucia.es

Correspondencia: Dra. Isabel Ruiz Pérez. Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Campus Universitario de Cartuja. Apartado de Correos 2070. 18080 Granada. España.
, Juncal Plazaola-Castañoa, Pilar Blanco-Prietob, Juana María González-Barrancoc, Pilar Ayuso-Martínd, María Isabel Montero-Piñare, El Grupo de Estudio para la Violencia de Género 1
a Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, España
b Centro de Salud El Escorial, Madrid, España
c Centro de Salud La Fuensanta, Córdoba, España
d Centro de Salud Fuente de San Luis, Valencia, España
e Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España
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Resumen
Objetivos

Determinar la prevalencia de violencia contra la mujer en la pareja en una muestra de mujeres asistentes por cualquier motivo a centros de atención primaria, y analizar las características de esta violencia.

Métodos

Estudio transversal en 23 consultas de atención primaria de Andalucía, Madrid y Valencia. La muestra incluye 1.402 mujeres entre 18 y 65 años de edad elegidas aleatoriamente en estas consultas. Entre las variables recogidas mediante cuestionario autoadministrado se incluyeron la existencia de maltrato fisico, emocional o sexual, su temporalidad, su frecuencia y su duración.

Resultados

El 32% del total de mujeres en la muestra tuvo algún tipo de maltrato a lo largo de su vida. El 7% presentó en algún momento de su vida maltrato físico y emocional a la vez, el 14% maltrato emocional, el 3% maltrato emocional y sexual conjuntamente y el 6% los 3 tipos de maltrato. El 52% de las mujeres que refirieron los 3 tipos de maltrato lo habían sufrido durante más de 5 años. Hay una mayor probabilidad de padecer maltrato en la actualidad habiéndolo sufrido con una pareja anterior en el pasado (odds ratio = 3,30; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 2,10-5,18).

Conclusiones

Estos resultados ponen de manifiesto la magnitud de la violencia contra la mujer en la pareja en nuestro ámbito. Los profesionales de la salud se encuentran en una situación privilegiada para abordar este grave problema de salud pública.

Palabras clave:
España
Maltrato conyugal
Violencia doméstica
Epidemiología
Atención primaria de salud
Abstract
Objectives

To determine the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) in a sample of women attending primary care centers for any reason and to analyze the characteristics of this violence.

Methods

A cross sectional study was performed in 23 primary care centers in three regions of Spain (Andalusia, Madrid and Valencia). The sample included 1,402 randomly selected adult women aged between 18 and 65 years attending these centers. Among the variables collected through a self-administered questionnaire were the existence of physical, emotional or sexual abuse, and its timing, duration, and frequency.

Results

Overall, 32% had experienced some type of IPV. By type, 7% had experienced both physical and emotional IPV, 14% had experienced emotional IPV, 3% had experienced emotional and sexual IPV, and 6% had suffered all 3 types of IPV. Among the latter, 52% had experienced abuse for more than 5 years. Women who experienced abuse in a previous relationship had a greater probability of being abused by a new intimate partner (OR = 3.30; 95% CI, 2.10-5.18).

Conclusions

These results show the scale of IPV in Spain. Health professionals play an important role in IPV, as they are in a privileged position to tackle this serious public health problem.

Key words:
Spain
Spouse abuse
Domestic violence
Epidemiology
Primary health care
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1

Al final del artículo constan los integrantes del Grupo de Estudio para la Violencia de Género.

Copyright © 2006. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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