Journal Information
Vol. 9. Issue 48.
Pages 159-165 (May - June 1995)
Vol. 9. Issue 48.
Pages 159-165 (May - June 1995)
Open Access
Evolución del patrón epidemiológico de los casos de sida en españa
Changes in the Epidemiological Pattern of Aids in Spain
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Jesús Castilla Catalán*, Odorina Tello Anchuela, Mª Florentina Sánchez Díaz
Centro Nacional de Epidemiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid
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Resumen

Partiendo de los casos notificados al Registro Nacional hasta junio de 1994, se han analizado los cambios en el patrón epidemiológico del SIDA en España entre los períodos 1981–1989 y 1990–1992.

Los casos diagnosticados en 1981–1989 fueron predominantemente varones (83,1%), menores de 30 años (55,9%), y usuarios de drogas parenterales (63,8%) u homo/bisexuales (16,8%). En el período 1990–1992 ha aumentado la proporción de mujeres (18,5%), y de mayores de 29 años (55,0%), con un aumento de la edad media al diagnóstico. La proporción de homo/bisexuales, de receptores de transfusiones o hemoderivados, y de hijos de madres de riesgo ha descendido, mientras que la de casos de transmisión heterosexual ha aumentado del 4,3% al 8,0%. Indepen-dientementede lasgrandesdiferenciasen la incidencia entre Comunidades en 1981–1989, algunas como La Rioja, Navarra, Murcia, Galicia y Aragón presentaron un aumento mayor que la media nacional.

Aunque el patrón epidemiológico en ambos períodos es parecido, se observan cambios significativos e independientes en las variables estudiadas.

Palabras clave:
SIDA
Epidemiología
Vigilancia epidemiológica
Summary

Based on cases reported fo the National AIDS Register by end June 1994, we analysed changes in the epidemiological pattern of AIDS in Spain for the periods 1981–1989 and 1990–1992.

Cases diagnosed in 1981–1989 were mainly males (83.1%), subjects under 30 years of age (55.9%), and intravenous drug users (63.8%) or homo/bisexual males (16.8%). In 1990–1992 thre was an increase in the proportion of females (18.5%), cases older than 29 (55.0%), and mean age diagnosis. Proportions of homo/ bisexual, blood components recipients, and mother-to-child transmission decreased, while heterosexual transmission increased from 4.3% to 8.0%. In spite of large inter-regional differences in 1981–1989, some regions, such as La Rioja, Navarre, Murcia, Galicia and Aragon, rose more than Spain as a whole.

Although the epidemiological pattern in both periods is similar, significant and independent changes in analysed variables are to be observed.

Key words:
AIDS
Epidemiology
Survelillance
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Copyright © 1995. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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