Journal Information
Vol. 19. Issue 2.
Pages 135-150 (March - April 2005)
Vol. 19. Issue 2.
Pages 135-150 (March - April 2005)
Revisiones
Open Access
El Cuestionario de Salud SF-36 español: una década de experiencia y nuevos desarrollos
The Spanish version of the Short Form 36 Health Survey: a decade of experience and new developments
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Gemma Vilaguta, Montse Ferrera, Luis Rajmilb, Pablo Rebolloc, Gaietà Permanyer-Miraldad, José M. Quintanae, Rosalía Santeda, José M. Valderasa, Aida Riberad, Antonia Domingo-Salvanya, Jordi Alonsoa,f,
Corresponding author
jalonso@imim.es

Correspondencia: Jordi Alonso. IMIM-IMAS. Doctor Aiguader, 80. 08003 Barcelona. España.
, por los investigadores de la Red-IRYSS *
a Unidad de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios. Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica (IMIM-IMAS). Barcelona. España
b Agència d’Avaluació de Tecnologies i Recerca Mèdica (AATRM) de Catalunya. Barcelona. España
c Unidad de Investigación en Resultados de Salud. Servicio de Nefrología. Hospital Universitario de Asturias. Oviedo. España
d Unidad de Epidemiología. Servicio de Cardiología. Hospital Universitario Vall d’Hebron. Barcelona. España
e Unidad de Investigación. Hospital de Galdakao. Vizcaya. España
f Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB). Barcelona. España
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Article information
Resumen
Objetivo

El Cuestionario SF-36 es uno de los instrumentos de Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CVRS) más utilizados y evaluados. Tras una década de uso este artículo revisa críticamente el contenido, propiedades métricas y nuevos desarrollos de la versión española.

Métodos

Revisión de los artículos indizados en Medline (Pub-Med) y en las bases de datos IBECS e IME que han utilizado la versión española del cuestionario. Se seleccionaron los artículos con información sobre modelo de medida, fiabilidad, validez y sensibilidad al cambio del instrumento.

Resultados

Se encontraron 79 artículos, 17 de los cuales describían características métricas del cuestionario. En el 96% las escalas superaron el estándar propuesto de fiabilidad (α de Cronbach) de 0,7. Las estimaciones agrupadas obtenidas por metaanálisis fueron superiores a 0,7 en todos los casos. El SF-36 mostró buena discriminación entre grupos de gravedad, correlación moderada con indicadores clínicos y alta con otros instrumentos de CVRS. El SF-36 predijo mortalidad y detectó mejoría tras la angioplastia coronaria, la cirugía de hipertrofia prostática benigna o la ventilación domiciliaria no invasiva. Los nuevos desarrollos descritos (puntuaciones basadas en normas, la versión 2, el SF-12 y el SF-8) mejoraron sus propiedades métricas y su interpretación.

Conclusiones

El SF-36, conjuntamente con las nuevas versiones desarrolladas, es un instrumento muy adecuado para su uso en investigación y en la práctica clínica.

Palabras clave:
SF-36
Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud
Validez
Fiabilidad
Cuestionarios
Abstract
Objective

The Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) is one of the most widely used and evaluated generic health-related quality of life (HRQL) questionnaires. After almost a decade of use in Spain, the present article critically reviews the content and metric properties of the Spanish version, as well as its new developments.

Methods

A review of indexed articles that used the Spanish version of the SF-36 was performed in Medline (PubMed), the Spanish bibliographic databases IBECS and IME. Articles that provided information on the measurement model, reliability, validity, and responsiveness to change of the instrument were selected.

Results

Seventy-nine articles were found, of which 17 evaluated the metric characteristics of the questionnaire. The reliability of the SF-36 scales was higher than the suggested standard (Cronbach's alpha) of 0.7 in 96% of the evaluations. Grouped evaluations obtained by meta-analysis were higher than 0.7 in all cases. The SF-36 showed good discrimination among severity groups, moderate correlations with clinical indicators, and high correlations with other HRQL instruments. Moreover, questionnaire scores predicted mortality and were able to detect improvement due to therapeutic interventions such as coronary angioplasty, benign prostatic hyperplasia surgery, and non-invasive positive pressure home ventilation. The new developments (normbased scoring, version 2, the SF-12 and SF-8) improved both the metric properties and interpretation of the questionnaire.

Conclusions

The Spanish version of the SF-36 and its recently developed versions is a suitable instrument for use in medical research, as well as in clinical practice.

Key words:
SF-36
Health-related quality of life
Validity
Reliability
Questionnaires
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