Journal Information
Vol. 20. Issue 3.
Pages 220-227 (May - June 2006)
Vol. 20. Issue 3.
Pages 220-227 (May - June 2006)
Originales
Open Access
Determinantes del cumplimiento terapéutico en personas mayores de 60 años en España
Determinants of the adherence to therapeutic plan in elderly Spaniards, over 60 years of age
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Rafael Tuesca-Molinaa,
Corresponding author
rtuesca@uninorte.edu.co

Correspondencia: Rafael Tuesca-Molina. Universidad del Norte. Departamento de Salud Familiar y Comunitaria. Km 5 Antigua carretera a Puerto Colombia. Barranquilla. Colombia.
, Pilar Guallar-Castillónb, José Ramón Banegas-Banegasb, Auxiliadora Graciani-Pérez Regaderab
a Universidad del Norte, Departamento de Salud Familiar y Comunitaria, División Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
b Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública y Microbiología, Madrid, España
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Resumen
Objetivo

Identificar los factores asociados al cumplimiento terapéutico en varones y mujeres hipertensos conocidos.

Material y métodos

Estudio poblacional de 4.009 sujetos a partir de los datos del estudio «Hipertensión arterial y otros factores de riesgo en la población de 60 años y más de España ». Entrevista en el domicilio que recoge información sobre cumplimiento terapéutico, variables sociodemográficas, estilo de vida, uso de servicios de salud y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud.

Resultados

En varones el cumplimiento terapéutico según las zonas estudiadas (odds ratio [OR] área rural = 3,9 frente a OR litoral cantábrico = 1,9) y con respecto a la salud general (OR=1,01). En mujeres, las cumplidoras con nivel escolar bajo (OR=1,8), la calidad de vida en el componente físico (OR=1,02) y visitas mensuales al domicilio (OR=3,0). Las no cumplidoras autorreportan 2 enfermedades crónicas (OR=0,6).

Conclusiones

El cumplimiento terapéutico se relaciona con diferencias de género, regionales, educacionales y en la calidad de vida. Es recomendable diseñar estrategias diferenciadas por las anteriores variables a fin de incrementar el cumplimiento terapéutico.

Palabras clave:
Adhesión
Ancianos
Hipertensión
Abstract
Objective

To identify factors associated with the adherence to a therapeutic plan of awareness of hypertension.

Material and Methods

The data of the study: «arterial Hypertension and other factors of risk in the elderly (≥ 60 years) Spanish population». This was a population-based survey of 4.009 older Spaniards. Information for this survey was obtained thorough household personal interviews to evaluate if these determining factors are independent of socio-demographic variables, the use of health system, lifestyles and the quality of life related to health.

Results

In men, the adherence to a therapeutic plan according to the regions studied (OR Rural = 3.9; OR Cantabrian = 1.9). Beside general health (OR=1.01). With respect to the women, the ones that complied with the therapeutic plan more frequently had a low scholastic level (OR=1.8), physical condition (OR=1.02), and had more frequent home medical visits monthly (OR=3.0). The women with poor adherence had two chronic illnesses (OR=0.6)

Conclusions

There are regional differences, gender, educational and to measure health-related quality of life. This demonstrates poor adherence, so the strategy should be directed toward in this variables mentioned.

Key words:
Adherence
Elderly
Hypertension
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