Journal Information
Vol. 11. Issue 3.
Pages 136-142 (May - June 1997)
Vol. 11. Issue 3.
Pages 136-142 (May - June 1997)
Open Access
Comparación de dos índices de asistencia a la atención prenatal y riesgo de parto pretérmino
A comparison of two indexes of artenatal care use as predictors of protein delivery
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M. Delgado-Rodríguez*, M. Gómez Olmedo, A. Bueno Cavanillas, R. Gálvez Vargas
Cátedra de medicina preventiva y salud pública. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander
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Resumen
Objetivos

Se ha propuesto un nuevo índice, el de asistencia adecuada a la atención prenatal (APNCU), con el fin de proporcionar una medición más exacta y completa de la atención prenatal que la ofrecida por el índice Kessner, el más usado hasta el presente. El objetivo es examinar el grado de asociación de ambos índices con el parto pretérmino (PPT).

Métodos

Se ha realizado un estudio de 207 casos y 381 controles en un hospital de tercer nivel. La atención prenatal se valoró en función de los dos índices mencionados, que tienen en cuenta la fecha de la primera visita y el número de visitas en función de la edad gestacional. Se calcularon odds ratios (ORs) y sus intervalos de confianza del 95%, de manera cruda y ajustadas mediante regresión logística no condicional.

Resultados

El índice Kessner mostró una relación lineal significativa con el PPT, de manera cruda y, tras ajustar por el índice APNCU, con el riesgo de PPT. El índice APNCU no mostró ninguna tendencia cuando las estimaciones se ajustaron por el índice Kessner. Para comprobar si el índice Kessner añadía información al índice APNCU o viceversa, se realizó una regresión lineal entre ambos índices tomando como variable dependiente el índice APNCU (y luego viceversa). Se calcularon los valores residuales de cada índice teniendo en cuenta las ecuaciones anteriores. En los análisis de regresión logística se comprobó que los residuales del índice Kessner añadieron información significativa al ínide APNCU, mientras que no sucedió lo mismo con los residuales del APNCU, que no añadieron información al índice Kessner. Estos resultados se confirmaron tras ajustar por varios factores de confusión mediante regresión logística.

Conclusiones

Una variación en la definición de la adecuación de la asistencia a la atención prenatal supone un cambio en la asociación entre la atención prenatal y el riesgo de PPT. El índice Kessner predijo mejor el riesgo de PPT que el índice APNCU.

Palabras clave:
Atención prenatal
Parto pretérmino
España
Summary
Objectives

A new index, the adequacy of prenatal care utilization (APNCU) index, has been proposed to provide a more accurate and comprehensive measure of antenatal care use than the widely used Kessner idex. To better understand the value of the two above mentioned indexes as predictors of preterm delivery, we examined their ability to predict women who will or will not deliver before 37 weeks of gestation.

Methods

A case-control study was performed, including 207 cases and 381 controls. Prenatal care was assessed on the basis of the two above mentioned indexes, both taking into account the number of prenatal care visits, the date of the first visit and gestational age. Multiple-factor adjusted odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were estimated using logistic regression methods.

Results

The Kessner index showed a lineal trend with both crude and adjusted for (the APNCU index) estimates of preterm delivery risk. The APNCU index did not show any linear trend with adjusted for (the Kessner index) estimates of preterm delivery risk. To assess whether the Kessner index added explanatory information to the APNCU index (or vice-versa), the APNCU index was regressed on the Kessner index (and viceversa), and a set of residuals was computed for both indexes. In logistic regression analyses, the residuals of Kessner added meaningful information to the APNCU index, whereas the residuals of the APNCU index did not addy any relevant information to the Kessner index. There results remained unchanged after controlling for several confounders.

Conclusions

A variation in the definition of adequate prenatal care use changes the association between prenatal care and preterm delivery. The Kessner index showed a better ability for discriminating and predicting the risk of preterm delivery.

Key words:
Prenatal care
Preterm delivery
Spain
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Copyright © 1997. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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