Llegada de Aedes albopictus a España, un nuevo reto para la salud pública

Giménez, Nuria; Barahona, Marta; Casasa, Albert; Domingo, Albert; Gavagnach, Montserrat; Martí, Carles

doi:10.1157/13099117

Gaceta Sanitaria

ISSN: 0213-9111

Gaceta Sanitaria es la revista científica y órgano de expresión de la Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria (SESPAS).
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Se detectó un continuo aumento de consultas por picaduras, hasta alcanzar las 16 consultas por 1.000 habitantes. Los pacientes tenían una media de edad de 32 años, y un 62% eran mujeres. El 71% de las lesiones se localizaron en las extremidades y se infectaron el 19% de ellas. El 67% de los pacientes recibió tratamiento sistémico.

Conclusiones

La atención primaria alertó sobre el llamativo aumento de consultas por picaduras de insecto. El colectivo de pacientes que consultó por este motivo fue mayoritariamente femenino, joven, recibió con frecuencia tratamiento sistémico y presentó un elevado porcentaje de complicaciones locales.

Palabras clave:

Picaduras de insectos

Mosquitos

Aedes albopictus

Simulium ornatum

Atención primaria

Salud Pública

Abstract

Introduction

A spectacular increase was noticed in the number of consultations for insect stings at the Sant Cugat Primary Care Center (Barcelona, Spain). Subsequent study of the species in the area identified Aedes albopictus.

Objective

To analyze consultations for insect stings in this center (1998-2004).

Methods

A descriptive, cross sectional study with a 7-year retrospective review was performed. A total of 2,760 patients consulted.

Results

A continual increase in the number of consultations for insect stings was detected, reaching 16 consultations per 1,000 inhabitants. The mean age of the patients was 32 years and 62% were women. Seventy-one percent of the stings were located on the extremities and 19% were infected. Sixty-seven percent of the patients received systemic treatment.

Conclusions

Primary care alerted the town council of the significant increase in consultations for insect stings. Patients consulting for this reason were predominantly young women who frequently received systemic treatment and showed a high percentage of local complications.

Key words:

Insect bites and stings

Mosquitoes

Aedes albopictus

Simulium ornatum

Primary health care

Public health

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