Journal Information
Vol. 5. Issue 23.
Pages 87-92 (March - April 1991)
Vol. 5. Issue 23.
Pages 87-92 (March - April 1991)
Open Access
Tabaco y Leucemia
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Patricia Mur Pastor*
Departamento de Salud Comunitaria. Universidad de Alicante
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Resumen

Algunos estudios epidemiológicos han indicado un mayor riesgo de padecer leucemia en fumadores, aunque la relación causal tabaco-leucemia ha sido juzgada como no concluyente, debido a la débil asociación encontrada, a la frecuente ausencia de relación dosis-respuesta y a la falta de consistencia a través de los estudios. Sin embargo, hay que tener en cuenta que la mayoría de estos estudios no estaban diseñados específicamente para estudiar la relación tabaco-leucemia, y por tanto son muy limitados en cuanto a su capacidad para evaluar dicha hipótesis. El hecho de que el tabaco sea causa de cáncer en órganos que no están en contacto directo con el humo del tabaco y la presencia en el tabaco de benceno y compuestos radiactivos, sustancias leucemógenas para el hombre, dan alguna plausibilidad biológica a la posibilidad de que el tabaco pueda ser causa de leucemia. No obstante, al ser la etiología de la leucemia escasamente conocida, no puede descartarse que el pequeño exceso de riesgo detectado pueda estar confundido por algún factor no controlado.

Palabras clave:
Tabaco
Leucemia
Cáncer
Summary

Although some epidemiological studies have published findings supporting the hypothesis that smokers are at a higher risk ol developing leukemia, the causal relationship between tobacco and leukemia has not been considered conclusive due to the weak association found, to the lack of a dose-response relationship and to the inconsistencies found throughout the different studies. However, most of these studies were not specifically designed to establish the tobacco-leukemia relationship and therefore their capacity to evaluate this hypothesis is rather limited. This hypothesis could be supported by the fact that tobacco causes cancer in sites which are not in direct contact with tobacco smoke. Likewise, the presence of benzene and radioactive compounds would provide some biologic plausibility to the hypothesis that tobacco could be a cause of leukemia. However, since the etiology of leukemia is not well understood, the small excess risk detected may be confounded by some uncontrolled factor.

Key words:
Tobacco
Leukemia
Cancer
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Copyright © 1991. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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